An innovative water management approach for increasing land - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

An innovative water management approach for increasing land productivity in the polders

• f the coastal zone of Bangladesh

Manoranjan Mondal, Elizabeth Humphreys, Sudhir Yadav – IRRI

• S. V. Krishna Jagadish – KSU

Zahirul Haque Khan, Asish Sutradhar – IWM

Plenary session : Natural Resource Management (NRM) 08 January 2018, Dhaka, Bangladesh

12-Jan-19 1

• Coastal zone is rich with water

resources, offers HUGE POTENTIAL for Bangladesh to make a quantum leap in meeting FUTURE FOOD SECURITY requirements and achieving SDG 1 & SDG 2 (No Poverty & Zero Hunger)

• 1.2 Mha lands in polders underutilized
• Improved appropriate agricultural

technologies

Dry Season Wet Season

Take home message

July November August

Take home message

• WATERLOGGING is the main constraint, not the SALINITY

September

• DRAINAGE in aman season is the key

intervention and the ENTRY POINT for cropping system INTENSIFICATION in CZ

May

• Because of hydrology, INDIVIDUAL

alone cannot successfully adopt improved agricultural technologies in the polders of the coastal zone Hydrological unit

• COMMUNITY coordination

within a hydrological unit is necessary for wide-scale adoption of improved agricultural technologies

Take home message

• Coastal zone is the most climate

vulnerable region of the Ganges delta

• Home to the poorest, most food insecure,

vulnerable people

• GoB constructed 139 polders to protect

1.2 M-ha low lying coastal areas from tidal flood and saline water intrusion

• Productivity is very low, much less than

most of Bangladesh – missed out of Green Revolution

Coastal zone and polders

Sluice gate/regulator Q ~ 6-26 m3/s

Coastal ecosystem & hydrology

Coastal ecosystem & hydrology

• Different hydrology

and agro- environments

• Hydrology is governed by

• Water salinity
• SC region: fresh water (2030)
• SW region: saline + fresh
• Soil salinity
• ~ 75% land low & medium saline
• ~ 25% land highly saline
• Salt-tolerant crops
• Management practices
• High salinity is an OPPORTUNITY

– Shrimp-(rice+fish) – Year-round aquaculture

Perceived challenge: Salinity

May 2012

KHULNA

BARISAL

May 2030 CC(A1B) w 22 cm SLR

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Improved agro-technologies for high saline coastal zone

Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Traditional Climate Risky (2-7 t/ha)

Existing cropping in polders (farmers’ practice)

Improved & climate-resilient agro-technologies for CZ

May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Tidal river water + rainfall Pump from polder canal

Medium saline REY: 7-10 t/ha/yr Low saline REY: 15-21 t/ha/yr High saline Rice: 3 t/ha Shrimp: ~300 kg/ha Fish: ~3 t/ha

Why productivity LOW?

HIGH LOW

Despite huge efforts from

• GoB
• NGOs
• Development partners
• International orgs

Because of

• Hydrology
• Inappropriate
• Hypothesis
• Technology

dissemination model

How to overcome CHALLENGE ?

• Coordination between
• Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) and
• Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE)

is needed for wide-scale and year-round adoption of improved production systems in the polders of the CZ Sluice gate/ regulator managed by BWDB Agriculture managed by DAE

How to overcome CHALLENGE ?

• Community Coordination and

Synchronized Cropping based on Hydrological Unit are required for wide-scale adoption of improved production systems in CZ Hydrological unit

• Water Management Organizations

should be formed based on hydrological unit not by geographical area (village)

Why synchronized cropping & community involvement?

HYV rice harvested on 3 Nov 2016 in polder 30

• The ENTRY point for

cropping intensification is HYV rice in aman HYV rice harvested on 20 Nov in polder 43/2F Polder 30: Khulna Polder 43/2F: Barguna

Sesame/mungbean on 30 Jan 2016 ~3 weeks earlier than FP Dibbling sunflower on 17 Dec 2015 (2 months earlier than FP)

Why synchronized cropping & community involvement?

• Community water management creates opportunities for
• early establishment
• safe harvest of rabi crops

May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Low saline REY: 15-21 t/ha/yr

Traditional Climate Risky (2-7 t/ha/yr)

Improved and Climate Resilient

Medium saline REY: 7-10 t/ha/yr

Why synchronized cropping & community involvement?

18 12-Jan-19

• Community water management and synchronized climate-

resilient cropping is necessary for cropping intensification in CZ.

• If the improved production system is adopted to 50% of the 1.2

Mha polder area, ~ 5 MILLION TONS ADDITIONAL FOOD GRAINS can easily be produced per year (SDG 1 and SDG 2)

Concluding remarks: Food Security/SDG