Biomimetic Surfaces and Interfaces for Multifunctional Structures - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Biomimetic Surfaces and Interfaces for Multifunctional Structures - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Biomimetic Surfaces and Interfaces for Multifunctional Structures ASHKAN VAZIRI Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern University Surface Engineering of Polymers Joints with non-flat interfaces Threat-Resistant

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ASHKAN VAZIRI

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern University

Biomimetic Surfaces and Interfaces for Multifunctional Structures

hpmsl.neu.edu

Surface Engineering of Polymers Novel cellular Structures with Tailorable Properties Threat-Resistant Multifunctional Structural Systems Joints with non-flat interfaces

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Collaborators: John W. Hutchinson-Harvard Myoung-Woon Moon (KIST, South Korea)

  • K. H. Oh (SNU, South Korea)

Moon et al PNAS 2007 Moon et al Scripta Mater. 2007 Lahmawan et al, Langmuir 2009 Moon et al, Scripta Mater. 2009

Surface Patterning and Engineering

 Plasma treatment: common technique.  Focused ion beam: localized and precise patterning.

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Polymer Surface Wrinkles: Prestretching + Surface Treatment

Moon and Vaziri , Scripta Materialia, 2009 5 mm

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Biaxial loading and Multi-step Plasma Treatment

Biaxial Loading Multistep plasma treatment

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Controlled Wrinkle Patterns on Polymers

Exposed to Ion beam

10 micron

Straight Herringbone Hierarchical Complex patterns

400 nm 400 nm

Moon et al, PNAS, 2007 Moon et al, Scripta Materialia, 2007 Moon et al., Soft Matter, 2010

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BioInspired Design- Gecko’s foot

Height=30 mm, diameter = 8 mm, spacing= 10 mm

Moon et al, Soft Matter, 2010 (most downloaded article of Soft Matter for 2 months)

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BioInspired Design- Gecko’s foot

The ion beam treatment was made with argon discharge at an anode voltage of 1 keV, a bias voltage of 600 V and a pressure of 0.49 Pa.

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BioInspired Design- Gecko’s foot

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Indium Nanowires Synthesized at Ultra-Fast Rate

Voltage : 10 kV Current : 3 pA Irradiated area : 30 μm Χ 25 μm Current density : 400 nA/cm2 Growth rate : 300 nm/min 5 micron

Oh et al, Advanced Mat., 2008

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Functional Networks of Nanowires

5 micron

Functional Networks of Nanowires Maskless Patterning Method

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

Ashrafi et al., Int. J. Adhesion and Adhesives, 2012

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

Ashrafi et al., Int. J. Adhesion and Adhesives, 2012

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

Chung et al., in prep.

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

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  • Heterogeneous and Functionally graded and hybrid cellular structures
  • Fractal–appearing hierarchical honeycombs
  • Ultra lightweight composite lattices

Low Density Cellular Structures

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Dynamic Crushing of Functionally Graded Cellular Structures

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Hierarchical Honeycombs

g = c / L

1

g = b / L

2

Ajdari et al., IJSS, 2012 Theoretical model: The normalized stiffness is independent

  • f the honeycomb relative density.
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Hierarchical Honeycombs

Jahromi et al., submitted

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Hierarchical Honeycombs – One order hierarchy

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Hierarchical Honeycombs

Oftadeh et al., in prep

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Hierarchical Honeycombs

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Low density composite lattices – Core manufacturing

Xiong et al., Composite Structures, 2010 Xiong et al, Acta Materialia, 2011

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Low density composite lattices – Core crushing

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Low density composite lattices– Failure Mechanisms

Xiong et al., Composite part B, 2011 Xiong et al., Acta Materialia, 2012 Xiong et al., Acta Materialia 2012

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B L H t hf hf

max

max

Plastic hinge Face stretching Core crushing Explosion Initial state Support structure

Square honeycomb Folded plate (Corrugated)

Threat-Resistant Sandwich-walled structures

Vaziri et al, JoMMS, 2006; Vaziri et al, JoMMS, 2007 ; Vaziri and Hutchinson, IJSS, 2008

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Failure-Map for Square Honeycomb Sandwich Panels

/( / ) 0.272

Y

I M   = 0.04

c

f = 0.02

c

f = 0.06

c

f = 0.08

c

f =

0.13 0.17 0.21 0.25 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

face(s) failure total failure core failure

c

c

c

c

c

Vaziri, Xue, Hutchinson, JoMMS, 2007

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Threat-Resistant Sandwich-Walled Structures

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Publications (YIP FY 2010)

  • 1. Mechanical Behavior of Carbon Fiber Composite Lattice Core Sandwich Panels Fabricated by Laser Cutting
  • J. Xiong, L. Ma, A. Vaziri, J. Yang & L. Wu, Acta Materialia, 2012, in press.
  • 2. Hierarchical Honeycombs with Tailorable Properties
  • A. Ajdari, B. Haghpanah, J. Papadopoulos, H. Nayeb-Hashemi & A. Vaziri, Int. J. Solids and Structures, 2012, 49, pp. 1413–141.
  • 3. Mechanical properties of open-cell rhombic dodecahedron cellular structures
  • S. Babaee, B. Haghpanah, A. Ajdari, H. Nayeb-Hashemi & A. Vaziri, Acta Materialia, 2012, 60, pp. 2873–2885.
  • 4. Shear and bending performance of carbon fiber composite sandwich panels with pyramidal truss cores
  • J. Xiong, L. Ma, S. Pan, L. Wu, J. Papadopoulos & A. Vaziri, Acta Materialia, 2012, 60, pp. 1455-1466.
  • 5. Compression and impact testing of two-layer composite pyramidal-core sandwich panels
  • J. Xiong, A. Vaziri, L. Ma, J. Papadopoulos & L. Wu , Composite Structures, 2012, 94, pp. 793-801.
  • 6. Adhesively bonded single lap joints with non-flat interfaces
  • M. Ashrafi, A. Ajdari, N. Rahbar, J. Papadopoulos, H. Nayeb-Hashemi & A. Vaziri, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,

2012, 32, pp. 46-52.

  • 7. Effect of Processing Variables and Fiber Reinforcement on the Mechanical Properties of Wood Plastic Composites
  • M. Ashrafi, A. Vaziri & H. Nayeb-Hashemi, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2011, 30, pp. 1939-1945.
  • 8. Dynamic crushing and energy absorption of regular, irregular and functionally graded cellular structures
  • A. Ajdari, H. Nayeb-Hashemi,& A. Vaziri, Int. J. Solids and Structures, 2011, 48, pp. 506-516.
  • 9. High aspect ratio wrinkles on soft polymer
  • Sk. Faruque Ahmed, G. Nho, K. R. Lee, A. Vaziri & M. W. Moon, Soft Matter, 2010, 6, 5709-5714
  • 10. Tilted Janus Polymer Pillars
  • M. W. Moon, T. G. Cha, K. R. Lee, A. Vaziri & H. Y. Kim, Soft Matter, 2010, 6, 3924-3929.
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AFOSR YIP award

Acknowledgement

CMMI NSF CAREER

Funding and Support Collaborators John W. Hutchinson, Harvard Hamid Nayeb-Hashemi, Northeastern Horacio D. Espinosa, Northwestern Vikram S. Deshpande, University of Cambridge Group Members http://www.hpmsl.neu.edu/people/index.html

DHS

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Support: NSF – CMMI (2007-2008) College of Engineering, Northeastern University (2008 – present) 2010 AFOSR Young Investigator Award FM Global (2008 - present)

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Surface structures to relax strain energy

Hard skin soft substrate Hard skin hard substrate Hard skin hard substrate

Wrinkle (PDMS) Delamination (PMMA) Surface roughening: PI Wrinkle (LDPE) Buckle (PP) Pore (PMMA)

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Instability of Wrinkles in technology

In this talk,  1-D multi-step plasma treatment: common technique for patterning on polymer surface.  2-D wrinkled hard skins: localized and precise patterning on polymers.

Moon et al PNAS 2007 Lahmawan et al, Langmuir 2009 Moon et al, Scripta Mater. 2009

www.ilounge.com

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Wrinkling Patterns in Skin

100mm Skin thickness=5nm E=100MPa Substrate E=1MPa 100nm 100mm 200nm 50mm 1mm Efimenko et al., 2005 Rizzeri et al., 2006 Vaziri et al., in prep.

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Surface Wrinkles Created by Focused Ion Beam

Polymer: poly(dimethylsiloxane, PDMS) Elastomer vs cross linker = 15:1 cured at 80℃ 1hour E modulus: 1-10MPa FIB (HRFIB/SEM, nova200, FEI) 30KeV, 1pA~20nA.

Exposed to Ion beam

Moon et al., PNAS (2007) Moon et al., Scripta Materialia (2009)

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Wrinkles Morphologies

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Wrinkles Morphologies

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Structure-Function Paradigm in Living Cells

Moon, Khademhosseini & Vaziri, in prep.

Role of surface topology on the behavior of NIH-3T3 cells

Wavelength= 1 micron

Understanding how living cells migrate, differentiate, interact with each other and in general function entails resolving mechanics at various spatial and temporal scales.

Flat substrate Wrinkled substrate

Wrinkling pattern direction

10 mm

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Experimental Techniques for Probing Cell Mechanics

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Vaziri & Gopinath, 2007

Computational Approaches in Cell and Biomolecular Mechanics

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Power-law Rheology of Cytoskeleton-MTC

1 mm m

0.01Hz 1000Hz 0.03Hz 10Hz 0.1Hz 0.75Hz Displacement Torque Vaziri, Xue, Kamm & Mofrad, 2007

Experimental data HASM cells

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Localized Structures: Formation and Evolution

Formation Evolution

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Vaziri, Lee & Mofrad, 2006

Mechanics of an Isolated Nucleus

Indentation depth, nm Indentation depth, nm Indentation force, nN Indentation force, nN Nucleoplasm stiffness Inner/outer membrane stiffness E=10 Pa Kb=10-19 Pa

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

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Joints with non-flat interfaces

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Role of irregularity

Babee et al, Acta Materialia, 2012

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3D Sculpting

Moon et al, Nanotechnology, 2009 Moon et al, Surface Coating and Technology, 2008

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Dynamic Crushing of Regular Hexagonal – Deformation Modes

Ajdari, Nayeb-Hashemi & Vaziri , IJSS, 2011

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Dynamic Crushing of Voronoi Structure