Ca Cambodi mbodia: Cit : City Resilie silience, Chall Challeng - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Ca Cambodi mbodia: Cit : City Resilie silience, Chall Challeng enges es and the and the Way F y Forward d Cities for All Conference 2018 at the Cambodia-Korea Cooperation Center (CK CKCC CC) Phnom Penh, November 29-30
Jointly Developed by: Makathy Tep, Ph.D. (Director/Founder CIUS), and Declan O’ Leary (CIUS Advisor)
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events were reported
ion growth, ,
apid urban anisat isatio ion, ,
ncreased asset valu lues
even greater impacts of water- related disasters.
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yphoon a and d stor
event nts in in Sout
ia wil ill l lik ikely be become mo more re extre reme, wi with mo monsoon-rel elated ed precip cipit itat atio ion lik ikely incr increasing ing acr acros
Sou
ast As Asia ia (I (IPCC 5 CC 5th
th re
report)
a num umber er S.E .E Asia ia cou count ntrie ies, in incl clud uding ing Cambod
ia, wer ere id iden entif ifie ied as as cl clim imat ate ch chang ange h hotspots ( (IPC IPCC 4th
th
rep epor
ith in incr creas asin ing drought r ris isks
This map shows number (>800) of reported “significant/large” disasters in ASEAN countries between January 2012 to July 2017 (ADInet, 2017)
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Cambod
is ca categor
the mos most vul ulnerable cou countries in the region and globally (ranked #17) for a number of reasons including
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Tonl
ap & & Pl Plain ains F Flooding 2013 Flood Risk & k & Popul pulation D
Populati tion D Dis istr tribu ibutio ion
Glo lobal l
areas since 2009 (UNDESA 2009).
in urban areas (WUP 2018).
population by 2050. Adding 2.5 billion additional people.
Asia and Africa (WUP 2018).
Regional nal
urbanisation rates have risen 38% in 2000 to 50% by 2020 (WUP 2018)
regional by 2050
Nati National nal (C (Cam ambodia) ia)
Internationally reported rates of urbanisation in Cambodia have under-estimated the current situation, with the UN reporting (WUP2018)
2015
and 41% by 2050
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Ho However na national stud tudies based d on
the ( (2nd
nd)
) Reclas assif ificat ication ion of Urban an Areas as (Mo MoP/N /NIS IS 201 011) and nd those u unde ndertak aken w n with th ADB suppo pport t (CDTA 8 8121) indic ndicat ated that, 27% 7% of
the na national popu population were liv iving in u urb rban area areas s (in 20 2008), an and thi his s has has si since e su surpassed ssed the he 30% 0% marked an and is s ri rising!
Cam ambodi dia a curre rrentl tly has 27 desig igna nated d urban ban centre ntres,
(Bavet, & Poipet) (jointly secondary urban centres) Ho However, lim imited regard has been n giv iven to
the
n rapid pidly growin ing a and t nd tran ansiti itioni
iary Urban n / Distri trict ct centre ntres aroun
d the coun untr try.
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Source ce: MoP/NIS 2011 Reclassification of Urban Areas
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UNHAB ABIT ITAT Wor
Bank ank ADB DB USAID ID
Resil esilien ience r e ref efer ers t to t the e abi bility ty of a
syst system em t to withstand nd a and nd to r rec ecover er q quic ickly f y from multip iple sh e shocks s and nd st stresses an esses and main aintai ain contin inuit ity o y of ser servic ice As s the ab e abil ilit ity o y of a a syst system em, en entit ity, communi unity ty, , or p r person t to adapt t pt to a
ty of
cha changi ging con g conditi tions and to wit withst stan and sh shocks s wh whil ile e st stil ill main aintain aining it its s essen essential ial f functio ions “I “Is t s the e cap capacit ity o y of c cit ities ies to f func unction, n, so t that t the pe peopl
living a g and workin ing in in cit ities ies— particula ularly ly the poor & & vul vulne nerable—survi vive a and nd thriv ive n e no m mat atter er wh what at st stresses o esses or sh shocks s they ey encounter” r” “The The abi bility ty of pe
hous usehold lds, , communit ities, ies, c countries ies an and syst system ems t s to mit itig igat ate, e, adapt t pt to,
reco cover from sh shocks & s & st stresses esses in a ma manner tha that t red educes es c chronic ic vulner erabil ilit ity & y & fac acil ilit itates es in inclusiv sive g e growt wth
(~20/27) are located on flood plains (as are many of the other ‘urban centres’, either
including
to:
pid d and d rampa pant de develo lopm pment,
hardening the land, increasing runoff and flooding.
drainage s systems,
behind developments, which
capacity being provided.
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n problems f for
most Camb ambodian ian urb urban c an centr ntres:
Deficie ient nt and and lac acking ing Urb rban I n Infra nfrastructure Pl Planning anning Cap apac acit itie ies at at sub ub-national le l levels els
Limited Urb rban I n Infra nfrastructure I Investment Pl Planning anning, and and
No De Dedic icated U Urb rban Financ an Financing ing F Fac acil ilit itie ies (with (with limit imited p priv rivat ate s sector invo volve ved) This is compounded by
cent ntral alis ised infras infrastructure d development nt c cent ntred on Phno
Penh nh
by line ine minis ministrie ies of
n reliant iant on
Development nt Financ Financing ing, and and
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Urban Challenges III– Lagging Integrated Urban Planning
Th There is is a lack ck coh coherent, in integrated ur urban planning Pla Planning g MUS MUST be be ahea ahead of f develo elopment?
approach of other sector needs and requirements;
development
communicated, elaborated in terms
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A further challenges to urban resilience is the continued fragmentation of responsibilities Wh Whil ile the hese se (and and others) al all have roles, var ario ious int inter-minis isterial mech echan anis isms s have e been een es estab ablish ished, ed, but their eir ef effect ectiveness ss in co coordin dinat atio ion and d co cooper erat atio ion is quest estio ioned, d,
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MLMUPC PC MP MPWT MoWR MoWRAM MoE MoE MCFA FA MIH MIH MO MOI I MoEF EF
Land use planning and construction control Roads, urban drainage, Wastewater (new) parks, aspects of SWM (dumpsites), Ports, Railways, etc… Evolving water resources monitoring and coordination Responsible for all aspects of the Environment , water, and air pollution,, SWM, conservation and protection Urban Heritage Urban Water Supply Industrial regulation Responsible for all civil administratio n and support sub-national planning & development systems Financial planning, budgeting allocation, and accounting system
that at le t least US$30.5 billion of urban infrastructure will need to be investment in by 2040.
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Cumul ulativ ive In Infrastruct cture In Inves estment (US$ Billion, 2015 prices & exchange rates) Road Ra Rail Air irports Ports Telecoms ms Elect ctricit icity Water TOTA TAL Estim imat ate N National ional 2 2016- 2040 (in investment nt ne need) 27 3 1 1 26 25 5 87
Estim imat ated ed Invest stment Gap Gap b/t current trends &
needs
11 2 1 7 7 28 Estim imat ated U Urban an Requir irement nts ( (~35%)- 2040 9.5 .5 1.1 .1 0.4 .4 0.4 .4 9.1 .1 8.8 .8 1.8 30.5 .5
Source: ce: Global Infrastructure Outlook, Cambodia Country Profile.
LEME MENT NT The Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals (CSDG) and their mainstreaming into the forthcoming National Development Framework (PP, RSIV-NSDP 2019-2023)
e ci cities s and d human man settleme ments incl clusi sive, e, safe, e, resil esilie ient and d sust stain ainab able
ADAPT PT and d APPL APPLY tools like the City Resilience Framework help to address these two critical questions 1. 1. Wha hat t are re the the cha hara racteristics and capaci citi ties of
ty tha that t can an ad adapt apt and and grow in in the fac ace of these se chal allenges? 2. 2. Wh What at dist istinguishes a a resilient cit ity from one ne that at collap apses in the e face ce of di disrupt ptio ion and d adv dver ersit sity?
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Kob Sro rov dik ike
DIKE E REINFORCE CEMENT AN AND PUMP MPING S G STATION CO CONSTRUCTION
– 2001-2002, by ADB Loan and Administrated by MOWRAM
– 2007-2008, by National Budget and Executed by MOWRAM
– 50,000 m3/h Capacity – 2010 by National Budget and – Administrated by PPCH
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Overlaying natural hazards, with critical and social infrastructure (ADB-TA 8425 REG)
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Overlaying natural hazards, with critical and social infrastructure (ADB-TA 8425 REG)
Scoping Study on Strengthening Urban Resilience in Southeast Asia, ADB 2016
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