Ch. 6 Primate homologies 1 Overview of the primates -Found in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Ch. 6 Primate homologies 1 Overview of the primates -Found in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 31, 2023 347 likes •482 views

Ch. 6 Primate homologies 1 Overview of the primates -Found in tropics/semi-tropics 2 TL;DR Primate shared derived traits -Primates are arboreal = adapted for living in the trees -Flexible limbs and prehensile hands/feet -Generalized dentition

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  • Ch. 6 Primate homologies
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  • Found in tropics/semi-tropics

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Overview of the primates

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TL;DR Primate shared derived traits

  • Primates are arboreal = adapted for living in the trees
  • Flexible limbs and prehensile hands/feet
  • Generalized dentition
  • Increased reliance on vision (compared to mammals)
  • Longer maturation, reliance on flexible, learned social behavior
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Primate shared derived traits are grouped into four categories:

  • 1. Limbs and locomotion
  • 2. Diet and dentition
  • 3. Senses and brain
  • 4. Maturity and behavior

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Overview of the primates

Rhesus macaque

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  • 1. Limbs and locomotion
  • Generalized limb structure
  • Opposable thumb
  • Tactile pads and nails
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  • Omnivorous

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  • 2. Diet and dentition
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  • Color vision
  • Diurnal
  • Stereoscopic vision - forward-facing eyes

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  • 3. Senses and brain
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  • 3. Senses and brain
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  • Long gestation period
  • Delayed maturation
  • Few offspring

Behavior

  • Greater dependence on learned, flexible behavior
  • Highly social

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  • 4. Maturity and behavior
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Question: can we reconstruct the environment primates adapted to to explain their defining traits? Arboreal hypothesis: primate traits = adaptations to living in trees Visual-predation hypothesis: primate traits = adaptations to hunting insects in the lower tiers of the rainforests mya. Flowering plant hypothesis: primate traits developed the same time flowering plants (angiosperms) diversified globally.

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Explaining primate adaptations

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*The primate order consists of the ancestral prosimians and the derived anthropoids (which includes humans). *Compared to mammals, primates are identified as having the following shared derived traits:

  • Larger bodies/brains
  • Prehensile hands/feet and flexible limbs
  • Generalized dentition, are omnivorous
  • Rely on vision, are diurnal
  • Longer developmental periods
  • Flexible, learned social behaviors.

*These traits arose as adaptations to arborealism (living in the trees).

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Summary of key primate points from Ch. 6