Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography November 17, 2015 www.clasp.org Introduction and Framing Overview of National Data State-Level Data: Bringing Child and Youth Poverty Close To Home Lessons from

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www.clasp.org

Children and Young Adults in Poverty: A look by Race and Geography

November 17, 2015

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  • Introduction and Framing
  • Overview of National Data
  • State-Level Data: Bringing Child and

Youth Poverty Close To Home

  • Lessons from the Field: Using Data to

Inform Advocacy and Policy Development

  • Resources
  • Q&A

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www.clasp.org

  • Olivia Golden, Executive Director, CLASP
  • Christina Walker, Policy Analyst, Child

Care and Early Education

  • Stephanie Schmit, Senior Policy Analyst,

Child Care and Early Education

  • Kisha Bird, Director, Youth Policy
  • Michele Corey, VP for Programs,

Michigan’s Children

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Introduction

Olivia Golden

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www.clasp.org

  • What lens does CLASP bring to the annual

poverty release?

  • An opportunity to tell key stories about poverty in

America – and to bring them close to home.

  • An opportunity to understand problems and needs

more deeply.

  • An opportunity to connect problems with solutions.
  • A chance to learn from you: within this large amount
  • f data, where should we focus?

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  • Growing up poor or near-poor is typical, not rare.
  • Poor and near-poor children live in families with

workers.

  • Young adults are the poorest adults – and young

adults with children the poorest of all.

  • Children of color will be the majority in 2020 – so

their high levels of poverty are a major concern.

  • Many fast-growing states have very high child

and young adult poverty.

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7 Source: William H. Frey, The Brookings Institute analysis of U.S. Census data, 2011.

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8 CALIFORNIA TEXAS FLORIDA NEW YORK GEORGIA OHIO ILLINOIS NORTH CAROLINA PENNSYLVANIA MICHIGAN All Other States Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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  • Ambitious public policies have worked and can

work again.

  • The future agenda must be multi-faceted,

targeting low-wage work, income, children and youth.

  • The agenda must include children and youth of

color, children of immigrants, at its center.

  • The agenda cannot leave out state policy –

including the South, Midwest and Southwest

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National Data

Christina Walker

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www.clasp.org

. 34.3% 47.2% 44.1% 46.6% 15.5% 23.9% 21.7% 24.8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% All People Children Under 6 Children Under 18 Adults 18-24 Low-Income Rate Poverty Rate

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Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey data, 2014.

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The majority of children in poor and low-income families have at least one working parent.

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71% 68% 69% 81% 79% 80%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Under 6 Ages 6-17 Under 18 Children in Poverty Low-income Children

Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey 3-year estimates (2011-2013).

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.

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0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% Under Age 6 Under Age 18 Ages 18-24 Black or African American White, Non- Hispanic Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native Asian

Source: CLASP Analysis of U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014).

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www.clasp.org Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey data, 2014.

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.

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Nearly one third of children living in poverty have at least one foreign-born parent.

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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State-Level Data: Bringing Child and Youth Poverty Close To Home

Stephanie Schmit and Kisha Bird

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Scale 13.5%-15% 15.1%-16.6% 16.7%-18.2% 18.3%-19.8% 19.9%-20.4% 20.5%-22% 23.7%-25.2% 25.3%-26.8% 26.9%-28.4% 28.5%-30% 30.1%-31.6% 31.7%-33.2% 33.3%-34.8%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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Scale 8%-12.8% 12.9%-17.7% 17.8%-22.6% 22.7%-27.5% 27.6%-32.4% 32.5%-37.3% 37.4%-42.2% 42.3%-47.1% 47.2%-52% 52.1%-56.9% 57%-61.8% 61.9%-66.7% 66.8%-71.6%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6

Black or African American alone

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Note: States in white indicate population is too small to measure Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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Scale 9%-12.2% 12.3%-15.5% 15.6%-18.8% 18.9%-22.1% 22.2%-25.4% 25.5%-28.7% 28.8%-32% 32.1%-35.3% 35.4%-38.6% 38.7%-41.9% 42%-45.2% 45.3%-48.5% 48.6%-51.8%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 6

Hispanic or Latino

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1- year estimates, 2014.

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State Percent North Dakota 64% South Dakota 62% Oregon 57% Nebraska 56% Minnesota 53% State Number Alabama 27,436 Alaska 27,006 Arizona 20,130 Arkansas 18,120 California 10,472 Top 5 highest poverty rates for AIAN children Top 5 number of AIAN children living in poverty

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  • Poverty is highest for children under 6 across all

race and ethnic groups compared to other age groups.

  • While overarching poverty for children under 6 is

highest in the south, the highest concentrations

  • f regional poverty vary significantly by race.
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Scale 12.5%-13.8% 13.9%-15.2% 15.3%-16.6% 16.7%-18% 18.1%-19.4% 19.5%-20.8% 20.9%-22.2% 22.3%-23.6% 23.6%-24.9% 25%-26.3% 26.4%-27.7% 27.8%-29.1% 29.2%-30.5%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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Scale 17%-19.6% 19.7%-22.3% 22.4%-25% 25.1%-27.7% 27.8%-30.4% 30.5%-33.1% 33.2%-35.8% 35.9%-38.5% 38.6%-41.2% 41.3%-43.9% 44%-46.6% 46.7%-49.3% 49.4%-52%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18

Black or African American

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014. Note: States in white indicate population is too small to measure

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Scale 4%-7.3% 7.4%-10.7% 10.8%-14.1% 14.2%-17.5% 17.6%-20.9% 21%-24.3% 24.4%-27.3% 27.4%-30.7% 30.8%-34.1% 34.2%-37.5% 37.6%-40.9% 41%-44.3% 44.4%-47.7%

Poverty Rate of Children Under 18

Hispanic or Latino

400 km 200 mi

D.C. (Not to scale)

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014).

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  • While poverty rates are lower for children under

18 than for children under 6, there are many clusters of states with high poverty for this age range in the different groups.

  • The South and Midwest continues to be the

place where the highest poverty states are across the different groups.

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26 Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates (2014).

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10 20 30 40 50 Black or African- American alone Hispanic or Latino American Indian/Alaska Native alone Asian alone White alone (non- Hispanic/Latino)

Number of States

Above 40% 30%-40% 20-30% 0-20%

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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28 Source: U.S. Census American Community data, 2014. Note: States in white indicate population is too small to measure

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29 Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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  • American Indian/Alaska

Native young adults have disturbingly high levels of poverty across many states

  • SD Native Young Adult

Poverty Rate is the highest for any racial group in any state for 18-24 year olds

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0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% SOUTH DAKOTA MAINE NORTH DAKOTA IDAHO MONTANA

States with Highest AINA Youth Poverty Rates

Source: U.S. Census American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2014.

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  • African American:

38.01%**

  • Hispanic/Latino:

26.12%**

  • American

Indian/Alaska Native: 39.2%**

  • Asian: 38.33%**

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**Indicates the highest regional average in the country – ***Midwest Region as defined by US Census to include: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,

North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin

Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census American Community Survey data (2014).

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  • In the South, young

adult poverty is over 25% in 9 states across all racial/ethnic categories (with two exceptions Arkansas for American Indian and Alaskan Native and South Carolina for Whites)

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South

White Black American Indian/ Native Alaskan Asian Hispanic /Latino

Alabama 25.00% 34.1% 27.7% 40.8% 32.0% Arkansas 26.00% 43.0% 9.5% 40.2% 31.1% Kentucky 26.60% 42.4% N/A 43.1% 32.8% Mississippi 27.30% 39.5% N/A N/A 42.5% North Carolina 25.90% 31.9% 34.0% 28.2% 32.4% Oklahoma 25.90% 37.9% 26.7% 30.6% 30.6% South Carolina 24.00% 32.5% 30.4% 25.7% 36.1% Tennessee 26.70% 37.2% N/A 28.3% 33.9% West Virginia 30.60% 38.3% N/A N/A 21.5%

Source: CLASP analysis of U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (2014).

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Lessons from the Field: Using Data to Inform Advocacy and Policy Development

Michele Corey VP for Programs Michigan’s Children

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  • Michigan’s Children
  • Member, Partnership for America’s Children
  • Closely Tied to Many State and National Networks
  • Cradle to Career Agenda – Connecting the Dots
  • Improving School Readiness
  • Ensuring Safety at Home
  • Improving College and Career Readiness
  • Supporting Families through Two-Gen Strategies
  • Equity Focus
  • Data-Driven, Research Based Solutions

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  • Points to Most Critical Needs and Areas of Concern
  • Helps to More Clearly Define Problems to be Addressed
  • Points to Where Efforts Have Been Successful or Unsuccessful
  • Success for Everyone
  • Success for Some and Not Others
  • Supports Conversations About Priority Investments
  • Using What We Just Heard
  • Without a Deep Policy Dive, We Come To The Wrong

Conclusions

  • Improves Our Ability to Connect to Policymaker Priorities
  • What Do We Need To Know About Poverty To Build MI Solutions?

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  • Policymakers Need Data, But They Really Need More
  • Access
  • Interpretation
  • Comparison
  • How We Stand in the Nation
  • Where Are We Outliers
  • Where Are We Typical
  • Where There is More Success
  • Who Are Current Policy Priorities Working For or Not

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  • Data Illustrates That Public Investments Do a Number

Of Things

  • They Rise All Boats
  • Closing Outcome Gaps
  • Serving to Increase Gaps Because They Work For

Some But Not All

  • Data Illustrating Disparities in Outcomes and Inputs…
  • Makes the Case for Targeted Investments
  • Equally Important, Makes the Case for Adjusting

Current Strategies

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Recommendations

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Strengthen core income and work support programs Improve the circumstances

  • f low-wage

work and expanding access to quality jobs Invest in two- generational strategies that support parents in both working and raising children Build a strong foundation in life for young children, including quality child care Improve pathways to education and careers for low- income youth and adults Ensure access to health and mental health treatment under the Affordable Care Act

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Childcare and Early Leaning

  • Child Care and Development (CCDBG) Act Implementation
  • Opportunity to rethink policies on the state level that impact the ability for

children and parents to succeed

  • Head Start and Early Head Start are inherently two generation programs
  • Funding is critical to ensure more young, vulnerable children are able to access

these programs

Workforce Development and Training

  • Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) Implementation
  • Opportunity to focus on pregnant and parenting young adults up to age 24 –

who are also out-of-school youth

  • Opportunity to blend funding and strategies across systems, including TANF,

for young parents

  • Opportunity to create cross-systems and comprehensive strategies that help

young adults earn and learn and get on a career path

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Resources

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www.clasp.org/data

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  • www.clasp.org/in_the_states/
  • Find fact sheets on:
  • Head Start
  • Child Care assistance
  • TANF spending
  • Infant/toddler initiatives

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www.clasp.org

  • www.clasp.org/ccdbg
  • Find resources on:
  • The importance of child care
  • Key provisions of the law
  • What is entailed in fully implementing it
  • How the law will impact particular populations
  • CCDBG state plans

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www.clasp.org

  • www.clasp.org/issues/postsecondary/wioa-

game-plan

  • Find resources on:
  • State and Local Planning
  • TANF and Young Adults
  • Performance Measures
  • Strategies to support educational and employment

pathways for youth and young adults

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www.clasp.org

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  • Contact us:

Olivia Golden Kisha Bird, kbird@clasp.org Stephanie Schmit, sschmit@clasp.org Christina Walker, cwalker@clasp.org Michele Corey

  • Visit us at www.clasp.org
  • Follow us:

http://www.facebook.com/CLASP.org http://twitter.com/CLASP_DC http://twitter.com/CLASP_ECE http://twitter.com/CLASPKisha