decarbonisation Setting the scene: The EUs progress in fulfilling its - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation

Setting the scene: The EU’s progress in fulfilling its climate goal through the EU’s Clean Energy Package MEP Peter Kouroumbashev

The urgency of acting for climate change and cooling & refrigeration's role MEP Adam Gierek Paolo Bertoldi Andrea Voigt

The European Commission’s science and knowledge service

Joint Research Centre

The IPCC Special report on 1.5 C

Paolo Bertoldi

Directorate Energy, Transport & Climate, Energy Efficiency & Renewables Unit

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IPCC SR 1.5 C

• An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of

1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty.

• Limiting global warming to 1.5ºC would require

rapid, far reaching and unprecedented changes in all aspects of society.

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• 1. Climate Change is real and it is

happening!

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Increase in Natural Disasters

Higher temperatures have resulted in more catastrophies such as flooding, draught, hurricanes, etc.

Source Munich RE

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Where are we no now?

Since preindustrial times, human activities have caused approximately 1.0°C of global warming.

• Already seeing consequences for people,

nature and livelihoods

• At current rate, would reach 1.5°C

between 2030 and 2052

• Past emissions alone do not commit the

world to 1.5°C

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Global GHG Emissions projections

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Global GHG Emissions Continue to Grow up to 2030

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Emissions Projections till 2100

IPCC

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Greenhouse gas emissions pathways

• We would need to start taking carbon

dioxide out of the atmosphere

• Implications for food security, ecosystems

and biodiversity

• National pledges are not enough to limit

warming to 1.5°C

• Avoiding warming of more than 1.5°C

would require carbon dioxide emissions to decline substantially before 2030

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Climate change and people

• The avoided climate change impacts on sustainable

development, eradication of poverty and reducing inequalities would be greater at 1.5°C rather than 2°C, and if mitigation and adaptation synergies are maximized while trade-offs are minimized

• Strengthened multi-level governance, institutional

capacity, policy instruments, technological innovation and transfer and mobilization of finance, and changes in human behaviour and lifestyles are enabling conditions that enhance the feasibility of mitigation and adaptation

• ptions for 1.5°C consistent systems transitions

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Conclusions

• Limiting global warming to 1.5ºC is feasible and would

require rapid, far reaching and unprecedented changes in all aspects of society.

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• EU Science Hub: ec.europa.eu/jrc
• Twitter: @EU_ScienceHub
• Facebook: EU Science Hub - Joint Research Centre
• LinkedIn: Joint Research Centre
• YouTube: EU Science Hub

Thank you for your Attention Stay in touch

Paolo.bertoldi@ec.europa.eu

The urgency of acting for climate change and cooling & refrigeration's role MEP Adam Gierek Paolo Bertoldi Andrea Voigt

Panel Discussion: What are the industry's solutions to help the EU achieve decarbonisation by 2050 while promoting sustainable development?

Ingo Wagner Paul De Larminat Torben Funder- Kristensen Gerald Cavalier

19 | UNIDO – March 15 2018

Supermarkets as Flexibility Enablers

“Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation” Torben Funder-Kristensen, Head of Public & Industry Affairs, Danfoss A/S

20 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Majority of all systems

• nly utilise 50% of the

compressor work Compressors use 17 % of all electricity Cooling capacity increase year

• ver year

HVAC-R industry: a major energy consumer with high saving potential

21 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Overview of selected opportunities

10 20 30 40 50 60 5 10 15 20 25

Percentage load 24 Hours

LT cabinets (20% weight) MT cabinets (80% weight) LT + MT

Opportunity

Heat Recovery (HR) Use of idle compressor capacity (HP) Ice storage (ICE) Demand Response (DR) PV panels and Battery

22 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Total energy store:

• Heat recovery with CO2 as refrigerant
• Use refrigeration compressors for heat pump

purposes where cooling load is low and heating load is high (winter).

• Install heat/cooling storage units (to store

energy where electricity price is low and/or COP is high).

• Sell excessive heat from refrigeration system

into the district heating system.

• Combine Photovoltaic (PV) and refrigeration/

heating into a local “micro-grid power system”

Supermarket as an Energy Prosumer

Total Energy Store

From Energy Consumer to Energy Prosumer

23 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Thermal networks: expand the perception of smart systems and the

scope for Vapor Compression Systems

District heating and cooling networks are perfect for thermal energy storage – but limited in temperature range. Vapor Compression can upgrade temperature levels to grid demands. In some application areas thermal storage can provide flexibility in electricity consumption.

Supermarket Airports etc. Data center

24 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Energy cost overview based on auxiliary type

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 Base Base + HR Base+HR+HP B+HR+HP+ICE DR PV+Battery Present New Price structure Scenario 2 (Variable electricity price) Scenario 1 (constantelectricity price)

Yearly Cost [DKK per KW installedrefrigerationcapacity]

A higher degree of variable electricity pricing can be foreseen Basic case stores will likely experience an increase in energy costs There is an overall advantage (win-win) to invest in advanced technology solutions

25 | “Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation”

Sum up

Key messages

Vapor compression systems are huge energy consumers and that will increase with growing urbanization.

• Most systems only utilise 50 % of the compressor work
• Most systems do not use their full capacity
• Systems are suited to connect to grids
• Systems can store energy – Hot / Cold
• Marginal investments to become ‘smart’ are small

Volatile electricity price structures can lead to:

• Increase in electricity cost if no flexibility and storage
• pportunities are disregarded
• significant energy cost reductions if the electricity

consumption is flexible and planned.  investments in advanced technology solutions

Panel Discussion: What are the industry's solutions to help the EU achieve decarbonisation by 2050 while promoting sustainable development?

Ingo Wagner Paul De Larminat Torben Funder- Kristensen Gerald Cavalier

Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation.

Brussels, Feb. 5th 2019 Paul de Larminat

Paul.delarminat@jci.com

Association aiming at promoting socially and environmentally responsible FCC (Food Cold Chain) globally. FCC is a “chain”: covers fresh product production and conservation, food processing, freezing, breweries, diaries… Crucial need globally, especially in developing countries. Promote adequate practices and technologies. In parallel, avoid food waste.

What is GFCCC ?

Common goals developed / Developing countries

Developing Developed Expand this market without skyrocketing GHG emissions Mature market, but evolutions needed Reduce GHG emissions Reduce energy consumption Extend the use of renewables

Types of GHG emissions

Direct / Refrigerant leaks Indirect / Energy consumption Use lower GWP fluids (new & retrofit). Re-use / recycle. Use less energy. Decarbonize energy (Renewables). Maintenance, leak detection & repair. Legislations: EU F-gas, Kigali EU Ecodesign, Kigali

Action levels

Machines Systems Improve energy efficiency: VSD’s, better compressors & exchangers, controls… Reduce and rationalize use of energy. Transition  renewables Tools: ecodesign, energy labeling EPBD Reduce Rationalize Better building envelopes. Closed door display cabinets. Etc… Use less energy. Store & mutualize thermal energy. Store Mutualize Unlike electricity, Thermal energy is easily stored.  Shave peaks of mismatch between supply and demand of electricity ( Renewables) Push boundaries between usages/users: Ex: recover heat from cooling. District heating and cooling. Bi and tri-generation

Still huge untapped potential !...

Requirements

Hardware Software Infrastructure. Thermal energy distribution grids. Integration within “smart” interconnected systems

Right balance

Deploy « BAT’s » Innovate Action is needed now.  BATs must be used NOW. … taking affordability into account. Incremental improvements. “Disruptive technologies”. Data analytics etc…

Industry involvement

Company level

• Associations. Examples:

Field commercial action. Innovation. EPEE actions (Ex Gapometer) GFCCC (Ex: survey of FCC)

… Our business, our responsibility / People’s needs & environment.

Panel Discussion: What are the industry's solutions to help the EU achieve decarbonisation by 2050 while promoting sustainable development?

Ingo Wagner Paul De Larminat Torben Funder- Kristensen Gerald Cavalier

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Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation

What are the industry's solutions to help the EU achieve decarbonisation by 2050 while promoting sustainable development?

Bruxelles 5th of February 2019

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• 160 years ago in 1859

– Ferdinand CARRE patent an adsorption machine using sulfuric ether – Charles TELLIER use Ammonia in refrigeration for the first time….

• 100 years ago in 1919

– Willys CARRIER looking for a non flammable, non smelling and non

• fensive refrigerant tested diclhloroéthylen

(C2H2Cl2) and dichloromethan (CH2Cl2).

І

Not really a new issue…

A lot of people worked on it….

Ce document est la propriété de Cemafroid SAS et ne peut être utilisé ou donné à une tierce partie sans une autorisation préalable This Document is the property of Cemafroid SAS, and cannot be used nor given to outside party without prior authorization.

• More than 65 years experience

– In France, In Europe and in the world

• More than 80 experts

– PhD, engineers and technicians

• More than 8 M€ turnover

– In continuous growth for more than 15 years

• 6 000 clients in the world
• Test and experimental facilities

– Laboratories, databases, instrumentation, …

• Accreditations and notifications

– UNO, WHO, Ministries

• Improve the perfromances & reduce risks

The guaranty of conformity and perfromnace of cold chain, refrigeration and air conditionning

The refrigeration experts

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Les activités du Cemafroid

Essais &

Étalonnages

Expertise & Etudes Certification & ADC Inspection Formation Service Public ATP

Produits de Santé – Industrie Pharmaceutique Transport - Automobile Climatisation et réfrigération industrielle Alimentaire – Industrie Agro Alimentaire – Grande Distribution

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Why refrigeration ?

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І

Refrigeratnts alternatives

Other refrigerants ? Example of transports….

HFC with lower GWP : R452A, R442A…

CO2

Hydrocarbons : R290… already tested

SOON NOW In the future…. Perhaps….

Still to be implemented

• Available on marine

container

• Field test on the

road

• Soon on the market
• Available for nearly all

new units

• Drop-in of in service

equipment

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en 1928

Longue history of refrigerants…

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І

Technologies alternatives

Other technologies ? Example of transports

Liquid cryogeny :

Nitrogen, carbon dioxyde

Sorption systems :

absorption, adsorption, thermochemical

Solid cryogeny :

Carbon dioxyde

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• The right temperature everywhere at any time :

continuity

• Connected refrigeration and Big Data :

connectivity

• From refrigeration systems construction to

temperature service

• Training people : capability
• Environmental performance
• Guaranty of conformity, safety, quality and

performance

• Innovation and research in refrigeration
• Lets have a European vision !

Perspectives for industry

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Thanks for your attention !

Gérald CAVALIER Chairman Cemafroid-TECNEA

AFF president IIF section D president

gerald.cavalier@cemafroid.fr

5, avenue des prés -94 266 Fresnes - France Tel : +33 1 49 84 84 84 www.cemafroid.fr

Panel Discussion: What are the industry's solutions to help the EU achieve decarbonisation by 2050 while promoting sustainable development?

Ingo Wagner Paul De Larminat Torben Funder- Kristensen Gerald Cavalier

What's next: how will the EU's 2050 Decarbonisation strategy help accompany these changes? Francesco Ferioli

A Clean Planet for all A European strategic long term vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate neutral economy

Political context

46

• Parties of the Paris Agreement to present long-term low

greenhouse gas emission development strategies by 2020

• In October 2017 the European Parliament also invited the

Commission "to prepare by COP24 a mid-century zero emissions strategy for the EU"

• In March 2018, European Council invited the Commission "to

present by the first quarter of 2019 a proposal for a Strategy for long-term EU greenhouse gas emissions reduction".

• Regulation on Governance of the Energy Union calls on the

Commission to present an EU long-term strategy by April 2019, including pathways that achieve net zero GHG emissions by 2050 and negative emissions thereafter

CLEAN ENERGY FOR ALL EUROPEANS 47

• 1000

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 MtCO2eq Non-CO2 other Non-CO2 Agriculture Residential Transport Tertiary Industry Power Carbon Removal Technologies LULUCF Net emissions

All sectors have to contribute

GHG emissions trajectory in a 1.5°C scenario

48

Detailed assessment supported by scenario analysis

Long Term Strategy Options

Electrification (ELEC) Hydrogen (H2) Power-to-X (P2X) Energy Efficiency (EE) Circular Economy (CIRC) Combination (COMBO) 1.5°C Technical (1.5TECH)

1.5°C Sustainable Lifestyles

(1.5LIFE)

Main Drivers Electrificationin all sectors Hydrogen in industry, transport and buildings E-fuels in industry, transport and buildings Pursuing deep energy efficiency in all sectors Increased resource and material efficiency Cost-efficient combination of

• ptions from 2°C

scenarios Based on COMBO with more BECCS, CCS Based on COMBO and CIRC with lifestyle changes

GHG target in 2050

• 80% GHG (excluding sinks)

[“well below 2°C” ambition]

• 90% GHG (incl.

sinks)

• 100% GHG (incl. sinks)

[“1.5°C” ambition] Major Common Assumptions Power sector Power is nearly decarbonised by 2050. Strong penetration of RES facilitated by system optimization (demand-side response, storage, interconnections, role of prosumers). Nuclear still plays a role in the power sector and CCS deployment faces limitations. Industry Electrification of processes Use of H2 in targeted applications Use of e-gas in targeted applications Reducing energy demand via Energy Efficiency

Higher recycling rates, material substitution, circular measures

Combination of most Cost- efficient options from “well below 2°C” scenarios with targeted application (excluding CIRC) COMBO but stronger CIRC+COMBO but stronger Buildings Increased deployment of heat pumps Deployment of H2 for heating Deployment of e-gas for heating

Increased renovation rates and depth

Sustainable buildings CIRC+COMBO but stronger Transport sector Faster electrification for all transport modes H2 deployment for HDVs and some for LDVs E-fuels deployment for all modes Increased modal shift Mobility as a service

• CIRC+COMBO

but stronger

• Alternatives to

air travel Other Drivers H2 in gas distribution grid E-gas in gas distribution grid Limited enhancement natural sink

• Dietary changes
• Enhancement

natural sink

• Higher energy efficiency post 2030
• Deployment of sustainable, advanced biofuels
• Moderate circular economy measures
• Digitilisation
• Market coordination for infrastructure deployment
• BECCS present only post-2050 in 2°C scenarios
• Significant learning by doing for low carbon technologies
• Significant improvements in the efficiency of the transport system.

Deployment of renewables

Primary energy in 2050 largely coming from renewable sources

49

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 2016 2030 Baseline 2050 Average of "well below 2°C" scenarios (-80% emissions) 2050 Intermediary level of ambition 2050 Average of "1.5°C" scenarios (net zero emissions) 2050

Gross Inland Consumption

non-energy fossil fuels use solids fossil liquids natural gas nuclear e-liquids e-gas renewables

1639 Mtoe 1395 Mtoe 1239 Mtoe 1255 Mtoe 1178 Mtoe 1192 Mtoe

50

• The projected renovation rate varies across scenarios
• Typically between 1.7-1.8% in the residential sector

in and 1.5-1.6% in services (vs. around 1% today)

1,0% 1,2% 1,4% 1,6% 1,8% 2,0% 2016-'30 Baseline EE CIRC ELEC H2 P2X COMBO 1.5TECH 1.5LIFE 2031- '50 Renovation rate Residential Services

Average yearly renovation rate

51

• Baseline 2050: 38% lower FEC in residential sector & 8%

in services (compared to 2005)

• decarbonisation scenarios 2050: 40-60% reductions in

residential and 20-40% reduction in services (despite increase of needs for appliances)

• 100%
• 80%
• 60%
• 40%
• 20%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2030 Baseline EE CIRC ELEC H2 P2X COMBO 1.5TECH 1.5LIFE 2030 Baseline EE CIRC ELEC H2 P2X COMBO 1.5TECH 1.5LIFE Residential Services compared to 2005 (%) Appliances & lighting Heating & cooling Total energy

Evolution of the energy consumption in buildings in 2050 (compared to 2005)

52

• The share of electricity in final energy demand of

services’ buildings: from 50% today to ~80% by 2050

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2015 2030 Baseline EE CIRC ELEC H2 P2X COMBO 1.5TECH 1.5LIFE 2050 Services Residential

Share of electricity in final energy demand buildings

53

• The share of electricity in heating: from 14% in 2030

to 22-44% in residential by 2050

• The trend is stronger in services: electricity share

grows from 29% in 2030 to 44%-60% in 2050

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 2015 2030 Baseline EE CIRC ELEC H2 P2X COMBO 1.5TECH 1.5LIFE 2050 Services Residential

Share of electricity in space heating in buildings

Investing in the future of Europe

additional investments in % of GDP

54

• 0.50

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 2065 2070

% GDP

ELEC H2 P2X EE CIRC COMBO 1.5 TECH 1.5 LIFE

• Additional

investment: 150- 290 billion EUR/year (2030- 2050)

• Higher investments

for higher ambition

• Behaviors matters!

Increased Investment in the EU economy

55

• Modernising and decarbonising the

EU's economy will stimulate significant additional investment

• From 2% of EU GDP invested in

the energy system today to 2.8% (up to € 575 bn per annum) to achieve a net-zero greenhouse gas emissions economy

• Positive for growth and jobs, with

GDP higher by up to 2% in 2050

• Co-benefits: energy imports down,

public health, etc.

56

Thank you !

Backup slides

57

Next steps

58

• National Climate and Energy Plans under development. Together with

stakeholders vision on 2050 will enrich the debate.

• Invitation to all the EU institutions to consider the EU vision.
• EU leaders to reflect on this in Sibiu summit, all relevant Council

formations should hold policy debates in preparation.

• Societal debate in 2019 is key! In an open and inclusive manner with

National Parliaments, business, non-governmental organisations, trade unions, cities and communities, as well as citizens and the youth.

• EU to adopt and submit an ambitious strategy by early 2020 to the

UNFCCC as requested under the Paris Agreement.

• Show leadership and work with other parties to do the same.

59

Global dimension

• Open markets, a globalised world and multilateralism are a

precondition to benefit from this transition domestically and globally.

• The EU's long-term strategy cannot be pursued in isolation. Role of

energy and climate diplomacy but also other political dialogues, security and development cooperation.

• EU's position will change, prepare for geopolitical and geo-economic

shifts with new and changed dependencies.

• Trade policy to promote uptake new technologies while defending our

right to fair access to markets and critical raw materials.

• EU must take all necessary measures to safeguard and boost its own

prospects for economic and social development.

• As the world's largest single market, EU's standards on products

affect global markets, putting European companies at the forefront.

Overriding priorities for action

• Accelerate the clean energy transition
• Strengthen the central role of citizens and consumers
• Roll out carbon-free, connected and automated mobility
• Boost industrial competitiveness, ensure competitive markets
• Promote a sustainable bio-economy, safeguard our natural resources
• Strengthen infrastructure and make it climate proof
• Accelerate R&I and entrepreneurship on zero-carbon solutions
• Promote sustainable finance and investment
• Invest in human capital, education and training skills
• Align growth-enhancing policies (competition, labour, skills, cohesion,

taxation, etc.) with energy and climate policies

• Fair transition, coordinate with Member States and regions
• Continue international collaboration, bring all on board, share knowledge

60

61

Europe Today

• The EU is about to

achieve its 2020 targets

• Targets for 2030

are agreed in EU law

• Business as usual

means -45% GHG emissions in 2030 (vs. 1990)

• Without increasing

ambition: -60% emissions in 2050

Increase in gross electricity generation compared to 2015 62

7 Building Blocks

• 1. Energy efficiency
• 2. Deployments of renewables
• 3. Infrastructure and inter-connections
• 4. Clean, safe & connected mobility
• 5. Competitive industry and circular economy
• 6. Bio-economy and natural carbon sinks
• 7. Tackle remaining emissions with carbon capture and storage

63

Energy imports 64

Cooling & refrigeration’s role in fulfilling the EU’s 2050 pathway to decarbonisation

Any questions?