Discovery Program BIOSPHERE FRONTIERS A. A/Prof. Leanne Armand. B. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Ancient DNA Workshop Oct 2017 International Ocean Discovery Program BIOSPHERE FRONTIERS A. A/Prof. Leanne Armand. B. ANZIC Program Scientist C. The Australian National University IODP SCIENCE PLAN 2013-2023 Themes Platforms
Ancient DNA Workshop Oct 2017
Overview
IODP SCIENCE PLAN 2013-2023
Themes Platforms Program Offices - ANZIC
Biosphere Frontiers theme
Three Challenges Examples of outcomes Expedition 370, Current Tracking of Challenges
International Strategies: Biosphere Frontiers Theme
ECORD IODP Forum
ANZIC Activities in Biosphere Frontiers Theme
Australasian IODP Regional Workshop Pre-proposal development awareness Signing up for scheduled missions
Future ANZIC Activities.
Initiate a pre-proposal?
The Science Plan is intended to guide multidisciplinary international collaboration on scientific ocean drilling during the period 2013-2023. Crafted on behalf of earth,
scientists at the request of science funding agencies from 24 nations, representing approximately 75% of the world's economy. IODP also builds intellectual capacity through the promotion
education, and training.
PDF versions @ http://www.iodp.org/about-iodp/iodp-science-plan-2013-2023
IODP Science Plan 2013-2023 Research Themes
Climate and Ocean Change Reading the past, informing the future Biosphere Frontiers Deep life and environmental forcing of evolution Earth Connections Deep Processes and their impact on Earth’s surface environment Earth in Motion Processes and Hazards on Human time scales
IODP Science Plan 2013-2023 Platforms
JOIDES Resolution Chikyu Mission-specific platforms
Program Member Offices (PMOs) manage and fund the participation
in a member country
activities. PMOs nominate scientists for IODP expeditions and to serve
panels and are responsible for broadening national interest and participation in IODP research opportunities withintheir countries.
USA: US Science Support Program (USSSP) Europe, Canada & Israel; ECORD Science Support and Advisory Committee (ESSAC) Japan: Japan Drilling Earth Science Consortium (J-DESC) China : IODP -China Republic of Korea: K-IODP Australia & New Zealand: Aust. & N.Z. IODP Consortium (ANZIC) India: IODP-India Brazil: IODP-CAPES-Brazil
ANZIC Governing Council Chair Ian Poiner Science Committee Chair Rob McKay ANZIC Secretariat Catherine Beasley ANZIC Program Scientist Leanne Armand ANZIC NZ Coordinator Stuart Henrys Outgoing Program Scientist Neville Exon ARC GRANT CI Richard Arculus
Deep life and environmental forcing
Biosphere Frontiers
THREE CHALENGES 5 What are the origins, composition and global significance of seafloor communities? 6 What are the limits of life in the sub-seafloor? 7 How sensitive are ecosystems and biodiversity to environmental change?
3 Challenges
Images CDEX-IODP Exp 370
See Pg 4
Expedition 370 T-Limit of the Deep Biosphere off Muroto
Tackled the question: What is the vertical extent of the habitable zone on Earth, and by inference, the factors that limit life’s maximum depth?
High heat flow regimes in this area result in temperatures of ~130°C at the sediment /basement interface (1210 mbsf) encompassing the biotic/abiotic transition zone.
IODP/ICDP Exp 364 Drilling the Cretaceous - Paleogene Chicxulub impact crater
What caused the environmental changes that led to a mass extinction and what insights arise from biologic recovery in the Paleogene? What effect does a large impact have
and can impacts generate habitats for chemosynthetic life?
Current Tracking of the Challenges
Challenge Completed/ Scheduled Expeditions
global significance of seafloor communities? (347 Baltic Sea - submitted) 357 Atlantis Massif 366 Mariana Convergent Margin 374 Ross Sea WAIS History (751) - 2018 376 Brothers Arc Flux (818) - 2018 385 Guaymas Basin (833) - 2019
seafloor? 370 Nankai Temp. Limit 374 Ross Sea WAIS History (751) - 2018 376 Brothers Arc Flux (818) - 2018
biodiversity to environmental change? 364 Chicxulub Impact Crater Climate and Ocean (24) Earth in Motion (12) Biosphere Frontiers (10) Earth Connections (15) Completed and Scheduled Expeditions
As of July 2017 – Source IODP Science Support Office.
Current Tracking of the Challenges
Challenge Facility Board/ SEP Expeditions
global significance of seafloor communities? 633 Costa Rica Mud Mounds 830-APL Scott Plateau 853 South Atlantic Transect*
seafloor?
biodiversity to environmental change? {724 Gulf of Aden} 819-APL2 Arabian Sea OMZ* 853 South Atlantic Transect* 859 Amazon Margin Climate and Ocean (43) Earth in Motion (19) Biosphere Frontiers (7) Earth Connections (20) Active proposals in the system
As of July 2017 – Source IODP Science Support Office.
Emerging Opportunities in the Biosphere Frontier Theme
International Strategies Emerging Opportunities
ECORD Council Consensus Item 17- 06-04 The role of geomicrobiology in
endorses the finding of the limited number of focused expeditions with a strong focus on biosphere frontiers topics but emphasizes that the submission of drilling proposals follows a bottom-up approach. However, the ECORD Council recommends that ECORD informs the scientific community that the ECORD Evaluation has identified that the deep biosphere theme is not covered as well as the other IODP themes and, therefore encourages the community to develop more deep biosphere related activities to fill this gap. Forum Consensus Item 17-02 The Forum, … acknowledges the continuing need to foster the “Biosphere Frontiers” theme of the decadal Science Plan. The Forum supports a workshop-based approach to: 1.) identify new/broader components of the international scientific community to develop “Biosphere Frontier” drilling proposals, and 2.) build that biosphere theme more strongly into the current flow of IODP proposals.
Workshop
awareness
missions
ANZIC - Biosphere Frontiers Theme
Australasian IODP Regional Workshop (June 2017) 97 participants
ANZIC - Biosphere Frontiers Theme
Australasian IODP Regional Workshop Pre-proposal Site survey mature #5.1 Investigating unusual fluids and their influence in the Cenozoic continental margin of the Great Australian Bight
Science Lead: Ulrich Wortmann Data Lead: Mads Huuse Hydrology Lead: Alica Wilson Microbiology Lead: Maija Raudsepp Other proponents:
T.Santini, J. Whiteside, P. Swart. F. Inagaki,
Brief Summary
Here we propose to revisit the outer shelf and upper slope of the Great Australian Bight (GAB), which was previously investigated by ODP Leg 182. We choose this location so that we can build
from Leg 182, and because the GAB is considered a modern analogue of Mesozoic carbonate systems, not only in geometry but also in its microbial ecology. The tantalizing possibility is that we will gain an unprecedented glimpse into the microbial and organic geochemical processes that are responsible for the formation of a large portion of the world’s hydrocarbon resources , as well as determine the role of saline groundwater flow in carbonate diagenesis in continental margin environments.
ANZIC - Biosphere Frontiers Theme
Australasian IODP Regional Workshop Pre-proposal Requiring site surveys #5.2 The edge of the gyre: Biological and oceanographic transitions from the South Pacific Gyre into the Southern Ocean through the Cenozoic. Target Research Questions
processes that shape and force the diversity and function of microbial ecosystems over millions of years?
constrain microbial population size and diversity of deep subseafloor microbial communities in the open ocean?
community persist in oxic sediments and sensitively respond to environmental changes?
sedimentary community impact on the underlying crustal biosphere?
subseafloor sedimentary microbes come form?
biosphere occur, and if so what mechanisms in the deep biosphere are distinct from Darwin’s theory on Earth’s surface biospehere?
term survival in oxic sediments over millions of years?
its biogeochemical consequences occurring in the aerobic and anaerobic biosphere?
Break-out Participants: A.G. Dunlea, Y. Morono, F. Inagaki We discussed proposing to drill a transect of sites with oxicand suboxicdeep-sea sediment from the South Pacific Gyre into the Southern Ocean for microbial, geochemical and palaeoceanographic-focused research. Microbial research would be addressing questions honed from the results of IODP Expedition 329 to the South Pacific Gyre. One of the most southern sites (U1371) included a shift from pelagic clay sedimentation to siliceous accumulation ~8Ma and the microbial communities of these two lithological units are unique.
Getting Involved in Expeditions
from all expeditions.
two-post cruise meetings.
post-cruise analytical work within the post-cruise grant. Step 1. Ensure your Institute is a member through your Program Member Office (e.g. ANZIC, USSSP, ECORD, J-DESC etc.) Step 2. Keep abreast of IODP expedition personnel calls through the IODP website (http://www.iodp.org/expeditions/expeditions- schedule) or PMO’s newsletters & website (e.g. http://iodp.org.au/) Step 3. Apply by the deadline. For Australian & New Zealanders, ANZIC has a simple, pro-forma, shipboard application form on our website: http://iodp.org.au/for-scientists/application-to-sail/
Research Funding
We have Australian post-cruise research funding plus legacy funding rounds.
The Australian post-cruise research funding, essentially for analytical funding, is applied for in a set format once the samples are in hand, with up to $A40,000 available per participant
A subcommittee of our Science Committee evaluates the application, may or may not cut funding.
The Australian legacy funding is normally granted once a year to scientists from any of our members on the basis of formal applications
It is designed for work on any ocean drilling material The aim is to increase publication
Grants are for $A20,000 or less and
$A150,000.
New Zealand arm of ANZIC runs its own system of post-cruise funding, but has no legacy funding.
ANZIC support
Write a pre-proposal? Be a part of Technical IODP Workshop? Up-coming Conferences
Future IODP- ANZIC Activities
IODP Proposal ? Does this group want to draft a pre-proposal/s that would unite this group and lead to a 2022+ expedition? What are the regions of interest? What’s in a preproposal? Would you attend a ANZIC proposal workshop.
JAMSTEC-ANZIC-ECORD Geobiology Technical Workshop? Proposed to be held in Japan. What do we need to cover? Visit Chikyu facilities? Undertake sampling and processing? Trial methods? Visit Kochi IODP microbiology repository? 1 week – Experts and ECR’s? Includes Biosphere pre- proposal extension writing group?
Future ANZIC Activities
Future IODP-related conferences in Australia
Australian Geological Conference, Adelaide, (14-18 Oct 2018). ICP13 Sydney (1-6 Sept 2019)
Themes:
1. Proxy development, new model and statistic tools 2. Geobiology- new frontiers in paleoceanography linking geochemistry, biology and evolution 3. Carbon-climate feedbacks across time scales 4. Ocean circulation and climate system dynamics 5. Role of Southern Hemispheric processes 6. Ice-sheet/ocean interactions: drivers and impacts
IODP Symposium and Booth planned
CONTACT : ANZIC.programsceintist@anu.edu.au iodp.adminstrator@anu.edu.au