Eco-Innovation Policies: Concepts, Best Practices and Monitoring - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Eco-Innovation Policies: Concepts, Best Practices and Monitoring Dr. Klaus Rennings Centre of European Economic Research Zentrum fr Europische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) In-Stream Workshop Berlin, July 7 2011 Structure 1. Introduction
Centre of European Economic Research Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) In-Stream Workshop Berlin, July 7 2011
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During the first decade of the century eco-innovation research and policy have co-evolved from an idea and vision to a very segmented area
Probable reason: Eco-innovation is seen by most as a win-win- strategy helping the environment and economy, thus leading to sustainable development Is that always the case? No, but more often than in any other strategy reaching for sustainable development
Reporting
Maybe something like METI in Japan?
Role: Research: Basic, long term research Economics: Short term technologies Environment: Environmental Policies
Key Responsibilities: Ministry of State Science and Technology (MOST): Public Private Partnerships Chinese Academy of Science (CAS): Basic and Applied Reseach Ministry of State Environmental Protection (MEP) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT): Industry Innovation Programmes China Meteorological Administration (CMA)
Most important in any approach: Aliegnation of actors with common visions and targets Best Practice: EU 20-20-20 targets, or Transition Management in the Netherlands: Oriented at long term policy targets: Clean & Efficient 2007-2010 But also e.g. G-20 Meetings and Shanghai Expo vision are important
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Definition used in the EU-Project „Measuring Environmental Innoation“ (MEI): “Eco-innovation is the production, application or exploitation of a good, service, production process, organisational structure, or management or business method that is novel to the firm or user and which results, throughout its life cycle, in a reduction of environmental risk, pollution and the negative impacts
(Kemp und Pearson, 2008, Final report MEI project about measuring eco-
Definition highlights:
Different from : novelty for market, world Radicalness of innovation
bulbs comapred to conventional bulbs
A Cerro Tololo Sky (Chile) Credit: Roger Smith, AURA, NOAO, NSF
Objective
to provide analysis on eco‐innovation and liaise with related initiatives
Activities
to collect and analyse data on future market and technology trends; to publish an annual report on the selected market segments of eco‐
innovation in the European Union;
to provide “market and technology intelligence” for SMEs and
innovation support providers;
to recommend how to deliver SME specific eco‐innovation information.
Duration: 3 years EIO is extending the definition of eco‐innovation from a neo‐classical
approach (systems innovation), life cycle approach (eco‐efficiency) and material efficiency (resource efficiency)
Figure 2: Choice of Environmental Technologies in Seven OECD Countries
In % 1 00 1 80 8 20 2 40 4 60 6 end-of-pipe Germ any N
ay F ran ce Hung ary J apan U nited S tates Canada cleaner produc tion
Distribution of "environmentally efficient innovators" by industry in Germany 2004
Sector as a percentage of all firms who in 2002-2004 introduced new products and/or processes which had significant effects on cuts in material or energy costs per unit/procedure. Note: Firms having at least 5 employees in the sectors 10-41, 51- 60-67, 72-74, 90 in
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 20 22 24 Mining Software and telecommunications Financial intermediation Energy and water Textiles, clothes, leather Glass, ceramics, stoneware Vehicles
Chemicals, pharmaceuticals, petroleum
Consulting and advertising Instruments
Furniture, sports goods, toys and recycling
Electrical industry Wholesale trade Rubber and plastics Wood, paper, printing, publishing Machinery and equipment Food and tobacco Technical and F&D-related services Producer services, refuse disposal Metal production and processing Transport and postal services
171 141 125 131 203 62 92 122 92 77 109 159 47 84 66 61 44 100 103 24 42 402 185 181 390 419 87 195 132 84 62 142 155 41 101 308 120 101 314 374 67 139 390 142 111 264 381 77 182
100 200 300 400 500 Comply with environmental regulations Secure existing markets Increase market share Reduce costs Improve firm's image Respond to a competitor's innovation Achieve an accreditation Product Service Distribution System Process Organisational Method Recycling System Pollution control
N
Po
Figure : Employment effects of eco-innovations in 5 EU countries (Rennings/Zwick, 2002)
9 18 20 12 9 12 8 8 3 4 4 8 3 4 1 4 88 78 76 80 88 84 91 88
20 40 60 80 100 O v e r a l l P r
u c t S e r v i c e D i s t r i b u t i
S y s t e m P r
e s s O r g a n i s a t i
a l M e t h
R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m P
l u t i
c
t r
increased decreased unchanged
N=1575 N=274 N=185 N=132 N=568 N=201 N=502 N=498
%
10 20 30 40 50 60 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 YE AR Wind energy usage as a percentage of Wind potential Germany Denmark Spain NL UK
Quelle:OECD
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making
concepts
Top Runner
has to be done
can not by replaced by each other
subsidies, emissions trading)
environmental policy is ambitious and has long-term targets
no underlying ambitious targets
emissions trading or feed-in tariffs very important