ENGINEERING MODELING IN BIO-Safety Monitoring Assessment, Response - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

PAVIA UNIVERSITY Dep. of Civil Engineering and Architecture

ENGINEERING MODELING IN BIO-Safety Monitoring Assessment, Response Tecnology

Luigi Franchioli, PhD

Adjunct Professor of Hydraulics University of Pavia SWN Innovation, Challanges & Practice AQUACity Lille, June 15, 2016

W-SMART

COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF WATER QUALITY

Measured Parameters:

• pH
• Turbidity
• Pressure
• Conductivity
• Total Organic Carbon (TOC)

FEEDING/TRANS TREATMENT DISTR NETWORK WATER SUPPLY CHAIN

CONTAMINATION

• Accidental
• Deliberate

WATER QUALITY MONITORING IS RELEVANT

BIO-SMART System Architecture

Phase 1 - Eng. Modeling for acquiring database Phase 2 - AI based on Data Analysis for forecasting Phase 3 - MV analysis reactions for detection Phase 4 - Integration and Decision Support

LACKING DATA (OUTCOME OF PHASE «ZERO»»

Phase 1: Engineering models to obtain quasi-data

Numerical Experiments

EPANET EPANET-MSX (Multi Spicies

• Minimize sensor expected detection time
• Minimize contaminated volume before the alarm
• Minimize number of sensors
• Maximize number of events detection

Hydraulic Testing Quality Analysis Contaminants transportation with conservative assumptions Multi-species analysis Chemical models Non-conservative assumpt. (interactions btw wall pipes and substances)

• Adsorption As+3
• E.Coli

OBJECTIVES

Real Network proposed by Alperovits and Shamir (1977), constituted by:

• 65 nodes
• 82 pipes
• 3 tanks

CASE STUDY

HOURLY TIME PATTERN FOR THE NODAL DEMAND (24 coefficients that scale the flow- rate pick value)

EPANET RESULTS – Non specific injections (1)

• If the duration increases, the

peak increases until the saturation status

• The phenomena ends in

approximately one hour

• Available detected value in

less then 10 min Mass Booster: 0,5 kg/min Injection Duration: 10, 20, 60 min Starting time: 7:00

EPANET DOESN’T CONSIDER THE CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL SPECIES TYPE

• Plateau absence due to

insufficient injection duration

• The phenomena ends in

approximately 20 min

• Available detected value in less

then 10 min Mass Booster : 0,5 kg/min Injection Duration: 20 min Starting time: variable

EPANET DOESN’T CONSIDER THE CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL SPECIES TYPE

EPANET RESULTS – Non specific injections (2)

EXAMPLE OF EPANET-MSX INPUT: Adsorption As+3

The sw needs some coefficients regarding the chemical reactions involving species, units and time options, the ineraction among species and pipes, the interaction among species and tanks, starting quality conditions

EPANET-MSX INPUT: E.Coli

EPANET-MSX RESULTS (Arsenic, multi-node injection)

• Small interaction of

monochloramine with arsenic (concentration is more or less constant)

• The phenomena ends in

approximately 60 min Mass Booster: 10 μg/L Injection Duration: 10 min Starting time: 7:00

ARSENIC, NODE 8, INJ. AT 36-45-50 ARSENIC, NODE 19, INJ. AT 36-45-50 ARSENIC, NODE 45, INJ. AT 36-45- 50

EPANET-MSX RESULTS (Arsenic, single-node injection)

• Small interaction of

monochloramine with arsenic (concentration is more or less constant)

• The phenomena ends in

approximately 60 min Mass Booster: 10 μg/L Injection Duration: 10 min Starting time: 7:00

ARSENIC, NODE 8, INJ. AT 36-45-50 ARSENIC, NODE 19, INJ. AT 36-45-50 ARSENIC, NODE 45, INJ. AT 36-45- 50 ARSENIC, NODE 8, INJ. AT 50 ARSENIC, NODE 19, INJ. AT 50 ARSENIC, NODE 45, INJ. AT 50

EPANET-MSX RESULTS (E. Coli, multi-node injection)

• If E. Coli quantity increases, the

level of free chlorine decreases

• Immediate effect on the network
• Possibility of bacteria detection

by analyzing the level of free chlorine Mass Booster : 1 CFU/L Injection Duration : 7 hours Starting time : 4:00

• E. COLI, NODE 8, INJ. AT 36-45-50
• E. COLI, NODE 19, INJ. AT 36-45-50

EPANET-MSX RESULTS (E. Coli, single-node injection)

• If E. Coli quantity increases, the

level of free chlorine decreases

• Immediate effect on the network
• Possibility of bacteria detection

by analyzing the level of free chlorine Mass Booster : 1 CFU/L Injection Duration : 7 hours Starting time : 4:00

• E. COLI, NODE 8, INJ. AT 36-45-50
• E. COLI, NODE 19, INJ. AT 36-45-50

CONCLUSIONS

• Engineering models (Epanet, Epanet MSX) are appropriate to describe

the most common chemical/physical/biological pollutants;

• In the shown cases the injection duration doesn’t influence the pick

concentration value of the pollutants (saturation at given conditions)

• E. Coli injection causes a drop of chlorine (bactericide effect).

FREE CHLORINE MONITORING ALLOWS THE E. COLI DETECTION;

• No interaction between arsenic and monochloramine;
• The nodal demand influence the diffusion of pollutants (flow-rate

circulation change inside the network)