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EXPORT CREDIT IT CONDITIONS A PRACTITIONERS REPORT FROM THE COMMERCIAL BANKING SPHERE International Working Group meeting, 4 th February, 2015 BRUSSELS The European Ban ankin ing Federation facts & fig figures 32 national Member


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EXPORT CREDIT IT CONDITIONS

A PRACTITIONER’S REPORT FROM THE COMMERCIAL BANKING SPHERE

International Working Group meeting, 4th February, 2015 – BRUSSELS

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The European Ban ankin ing Federation – facts & fig figures

32 national Member Associations (28 EU, 4 EFTA countries)

Plus 14 associated members, including Russia and Turkey Representing more than4,500 banks (major cross-border and small regional entities) Serving approximately400,000,000 customers with a network of more than200,000 branches Member banks are contributing to EU bank lending withEUR 23,200,000,000 in 2013 (80 % of bank lending in Europe)

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EBF F ad advocacy in in Export Credit it rela lated top

  • pics
  • Since 1993 the EBF Export Credit Working Group has been actively supporting trade & export

related discussions with regulators, export-oriented corporates, ECAs and other banks

  • 25 members - 12 banks and 10 representatives from national banking federations - representing 18

countries

  • Major priorities include Basel rules, Funding (last three years), rules and stipulations for Export

Credits (Common Approaches), operational regulation (compliance, KYC, AML, sanctions etc.)

  • Policy Paper 2014 edition (reported on improved liquidity but reduced balance sheet capacity), next

step 11 Feb discussion with cabinet of Mrs. Malmström, Commissioner for Trade

  • Dialogue with EU COM, EIB, EBA, ECB, OECD; WTO, support for ICC Trade Register, next step

discussion with ECB 20 Feb

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Export Credits from a commercial bank’s perspective

  • Interesting “niche” business for commercial banks - normally less then 1-2 % of a

commercial bank’s balance sheet

  • For several banks Export Credits are important door openers to export/import oriented corporates,
  • ther banks follow a more opportunistic approach
  • Major banks in export credits have teams of up to 60-80 senior specialists, supported by

sector experts, project finance specialists, middle office & others

  • The risk profile of export credits is very low - according to the ICC MLT Trade Register Report

2014 the exposure weighted default rate for the period from 2006 to 2012 is 0.35 %, EL 0.02 %

  • With the implementation of Basel III/CRR there is no favourable regulatory treatment of ECA

covered export credits anymore

  • ECAs are safeguarding jobs in the industry – but they are also rather diverse in their export

promotion approaches (legal structure and governmental backing for ECA, scope of cover, sourcing requirements & other criteria for cover, policy wordings

  • Export Credits are considered as countercyclical risk mitigant, oftenly used in emerging markets
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The countercycli lical l natu ture of

  • f Export Credits: Hermes

„first“ oil crisis 1973 „second“ oil crisis 1980 / LatAm debt crisis 1982 transformation of Eastern European economies, from 1990 Current Financial and economic crisis, from 2007

Data provided by HERMES

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Major ECA’s and lenders in 2014

* Export Credit data submitted by 18 banks and some ECAs to tagmydeals – covering approx. 60-80 % of the market as a whole

Total Export Credit volume registered in TXF data (FY 2014): 116,659.79 USDm*

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Maj ajor bor

  • rrowers an

and destin ination cou

  • untrie

ies in in 20 2014 14*

Top 12 borrowing countries in export finance, considering the overall amount of every deal with at least one ECA or export finance tranche.

* Export Credit data submitted by 18 banks and some ECAs to tagmydeals – covering approx. 60-80 % of the market as a whole

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Sect ector & ratin ing breakdown in in Exp xport Cr Credits - 2014 res esults*

* Export Credit data submitted by 18 banks and some ECAs to tagmydeals – covering approx. 60-80 % of the market as a whole

The arrows indicate a volume increase

  • r decrease in the rating band
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EBF F su survey confirms th that MLT liq liquid idit ity has as im improved

ECAs and public authorities have done a lot to support MLT liquidity in Europe

  • Funded refi

financing sol

  • luti

tions:13 of 20 markets surveyed have funded systems

  • Unfunded refinancing sol
  • luti

tions: more common since the crisis, currently Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain; securitisation guarantee model

  • Co

Covered bo bonds: various - most active markets Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, UK

  • Pub

ublic capital mark arket t tr tran ansacti tions: active markets in France, Germany, UK

  • Di

Direct t len ending: since crisis, available in 7 countries; in some cases SMEs only

  • CI

CIRR: In EU – and more widely – there are marked differences in availability and terms. Arrangement provisions now under discussion

In Asia and US access to MLT liquidity was in general more stable during the recent crisis – but ECAs also offered/supported funding solutions (e.g. direct lending by US Eximbank, KEXIM, JBIC

  • r project bonds)
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  • 50

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 1-Jan-07 1-Jan-08 1-Jan-09 1-Jan-10 1-Jan-11 1-Jan-12 1-Jan-13 1-Jan-14 1-Jan-15 ASW (in bps)

GER FRA Covered ESP SCANDI NED

Acc ccess to

  • MLT liq

liquid idity for banks has im improved in in Europe

Spreads for 5 years Funding costs over the crisis cycle

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Ban anks s in in Asi sia have favourable acc access to

  • MLT liq

liquid idity

USD JBIC vs USD Japanese Banks Senior Unsecured

  • 25

25 50 75 100 125 150 31-Dec-14 14-May-16 26-Sep-17 8-Feb-19 22-Jun-20 4-Nov-21 19-Mar-23 31-Jul-24 ASW (in bps) Japanese Banks $ Senior Unsecured JBIC $

Banks considered: Nomura (Baa1/BBB+/A-) Mizuho (-/A/A-) Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi (A1/A+/A) Sumitomo Mitsui (Baa2/A/A-)

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... ...and ban anks in in US as as well! ll!

USD PEFCO vs USD US Banks Senior Unsecured

  • 25

25 50 75 100 125 150 31-Dec-14 14-May-16 26-Sep-17 8-Feb-19 22-Jun-20 4-Nov-21 19-Mar-23 31-Jul-24 ASW (in bps) US Banks $ Senior Unsecured PEFCO $

Banks considered: Bank of America (Baa2/A-/A) Merril Lynch (Baa2/A-/A) CitiGroup (Baa2/A-/A) Morgan Stanley (Baa2/A-/A) Goldman Sachs (Baa1/A-/A) JP Morgan (A3/A/A+) Wells Fargo (A2/A+/AA-

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Maximum tenors ac accordin ing to OECD Arr rrangement

Maximum term - years Repayment of principal Repayment flexibility in case of timing imbalance[1] Cat I country

5 / 8.5 with prior notification Equal repayments. First repayment no later than 6 months from starting point, repayments no less frequently than every 6 months. First repayment of principal no later than 12 months from starting point of credit, repayments no less frequently than every 12

  • months. MWA: 4.5 – Sov; 5 – non-Sov

Cat II country

10 As above Repayment: as above; MWA: 5.25 – Sov; 6 – non-Sov

Rail [2]

12 - Cat I ; 14 - Cat II As above Repayment: as above; MWA: 6.25 - Cat I; 7.25 - Cat II

Nuclear

18 - main plant As above Repayment instalments: as above.

  • Max. repayment term: 15 years; MWA: 9

Climate change, renewable energy

15/18 [3] Below SDR10m: 5/8.5 - Cat I; 10 - Cat II As above First repayment of principal no later than 18 months from start, repayments no less frequently than every 12 months. MWA: 60% max. available tenor

Non-nuclear power

12 (more with prior notification) As above MWA: 6.25

Ships

12 Equal repayments. First repayment no later than 6 months of start, others at regular intervals of normally 6 and max.12 months.

Civil aircraft

12 – new; 15 - exceptionally Used aircraft: max 10 Equal repayments. First repayment no later than 3 months from start, repayments no less frequently than 3 months (or 6 for both after prior notification). With prior notification, final payment can be on a specified date.

Project finance

14 Among conditions for project finance terms: first repayment no later than 24 months after starting point; MWA: 7.25. Principal may be repaid in unequal instalments; principal& interest in less-frequent than semi-ann. instalments subject to conditions.

[1]“An imbalance in the timing of the funds available to the obligor and the debt service profile available under an equal, semi-annual

repayment schedule” – subject to various conditions including to Maximum Weighted Average term, and principal repayment schedule.

[2] Maximum repayment term cannot exceed the useful life of the asset. [3] Carbon capture and storage – 18 years; Fossil fuel substitution and Energy efficiency – 15 years.

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All ll in indiv ivid idual l tenors s of

  • f Export Credits in

in 20 2014 14*

average amount in mln. tenor in years

In various ECA Export Credits 2014 maximum tenors according to OECD arrangement have been used

* Export Credit data submitted by 18 banks and some ECAs to tagmydeals – covering approx. 60-80 % of the market as a whole

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Examples for

  • r rec

ecent tenors of

  • f PRI

RI dea eals in in em emerging mar arkets

tenor in years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Defense Energy Oil Oil Petrochemicals, Defense Marine Infrastructure Transport Infrastructure Oil & Gaz Data provided by

PRI should be seen as complimentary option for MLT Export Credits

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Tran ansportation se sector – ECA tenors an and alt alternatives

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Energy & Renewables – ECA tenors & alt alternativ ives

* combined cycle is under renewables

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Petrochemic icals ls, LN LNG, min inin ing – ECA tenors & alt alternativ ives

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Tele lecoms – ECA tenors & alt alternatives

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Startin ing poin

  • int: th

the e buyer er takes physic ical pos

  • ssession of
  • f goo
  • ods

Repayment period 5 years Starting Point: Weighted mean delivery date Disbursement period Conclusion of loan agreement

  • max. 6 months

after starting point Repayment in 10 semi-annual equal instalments

  • max. 6 months

If the exporter has no responsibility for commissioning, the latest starting point is the actual date when the buyer takes physical possession of the goods, e.g.

  • delivery/shipment date
  • weighted mean delivery date
  • last essential delivery date

to be evidenced by shippping/transport documents

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Startin ing poin

  • int: commis

issioning

Repayment period 10 years Starting Point: Readiness for operation Disbursement period Conclusion of loan agreement

  • max. 6 months

after starting point

If the exporter has responsibility for commissioning, the latest starting point is at commissioning, e.g.

  • readiness for operation
  • PAC / FAC

(capital goods and project services, complete plants and factories, EPC and construction contracts)

Repayment in 20 semi-annual equal instalments

  • max. 6 months
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Cas ase Stu tudy: Star refinery ry (T (Turkey)

Project finance

  • Total amount: 3.29USDb
  • No of tranches: 8
  • Tenor: from 15 to 18 years
  • No of ECAs: 7
  • No of Banks: 14

Door-to-door tenor

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Cas ase Stu tudy: Norw rwegia ian Cru ruis ise Lin Line

Shipping finance of 2 vessels

  • Total amount: 1.77USDb
  • No of tranches: 2
  • Tenor: from 16 to 17 years
  • No of ECAs: 1
  • No of Banks: 5

Door-to-door tenor

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Cas ase Stu tudy: Fr Freeport LN LNG

Project finance (LNG Terminal)

  • Total amount: 5.47USDb
  • No of tranches: 4+1
  • Tenor: from 6 to 24 years
  • No of ECAs: 2
  • No of Banks: 6

Door-to-door tenor

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Con

  • nclusions

s & recommendations

  • Preparation/negotiation of bigger capex investments is a time consuming exercise, therefore

predictability of MLT financing solutions is very important - ECAs are considered as very predictable even in crisis scenarios or if the investment climate is going down

  • Bigger capex investments require MLT financing solutions which are appropriate to the

lifetime of goods or/and the amortisation period

  • MLT Export Credits are not undermining commercial financing solutions for Emerging

Markets (especially if tenors tend to be > 10 years)

  • During the recent financial crisis Export Credits have also been used for MLT financing of

capex investments in high income countries due to a lack of commercial alternatives

  • Cooperation between ECAs, DFIs and PRIs could help to increase capacity for bigger

transactions – especially if the sourcing is becoming more and more diverse

  • Maximum tenors and repayment terms (e.g. starting points, first repayment due, frequency
  • f repayment instalments) of MLT Export Credits should be consistently stipulated
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Than ank you for your attention!

For more information: Ralph Lerch Chairman, Export Credit Working Group

European Banking Federation Avenue des Arts 56, B-1000 Brussels European Transparency Register ID number: 4722660838-23. +32 (0)2 508 37 11 | info@ebf-fbe.eu | @EBF_FBE www.ebf-fbe.eu

This presentation is based on substantial contributions from: Alfonso Olivas, TXF Dominik Kloiber, TXF Folko Wohlang, HERMES

  • Dr. Susanne Engelbach, VDMA

Gina Fitzgerald, BPL Global Gerdpeter von Guretzky, SMS GmbH Florian Monschauer, Commerzbank Adrian Urbaczka, Commerzbank Benjamin Philippaerts, European Commission Elena Letemendia, EBF Many thanks to all of you!!!