Genre Analysis History of La,n Music in the USA (PBS) Pt1 History of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Genre Analysis

History of La,n Music in the USA (PBS) Pt1

History of La,n Music in the USA (PBS) Pt2

History of La,n Music in the USA (PBS) Pt3

La,n Music – in American & Western culture

— Began as a fusion of:

— Indigenous & Andean music from the Americas — African rhythms — Jazz, Blues, and R&B influence

La,n America - “The New World”

— Central & South America becomes Latin America after

the arrival of explorer, Christopher Columbus.

— Colonisation and slavery would follow

— bringing new musical traditions & influence

— This encounter marks the beginning of Latin

American music history

African Rhythmic influence

— Polyrhythms & Syncopation lie at the heart of the music — African derived percussion instruments have also helped create

many rhythms and styles such as:

— Congas — Bongos — Bells — Shakers — Claves — Timbales etc.

African-American Influence

— The full picture of African influence also includes the

later relationship with African-American music in from the early 1900’s such as Jazz

— Popular American Music and Latin would influence

and inspire each other since the early 1900’s

“Lemon meringue pie”

— Afro-Cuban Rhythm in the bottom

— African instruments contribute to the underlying rhythm

— Jazz in the top

— Instrumentation borrowed from Jazz and R&B would

begin to play chords, melodies, counter-melodies and riffs or repetitions of sounds over the top of the top.

Tradi,onal styles

— A look at the many colours, flavours and ideas across

Latin America…

The South

Argen,na

— Tango – The famous partner dance music

— Arose as a result of Social conditions and class divisions.

— Murga – Musical theatre and Carnivale music

Chile & Uruguay

Music of the Andes:

Bolivia, Ecuador & Peru

— Usually played with;

— Panpipes, Bombo drums and the Charango

The North

Colombia & Venezuela

— Colombian Cumbia

—

heavy percussion

—

large gaita flutes

— Musica Llanera, inspired by warm country life in the

plains above the Amazon, combining;

—

Harp, Maracas and Cuatro & Bandola

Brazil

— Portuguese language and Fado music influence — Home to the famous Samba

— deriving from the slave trade of West Africa — Cavaquinho (Portuguese Ukelele) often incorporated

Cuba

— The famous Salsa evolved from Cuba’s traditional Son

— originally played with Guitars, Claves and Maracas

Puerto Rico

— Plena & Bomba

— Spanish, African & Indigenous combined

Mexico

— Ranchera, Flamenco & Mariachi

— During troubling times of the Mexican Revolution,

Ranchera music became a way to promote Mexican culture.

Paco De Lucia – Tico Tico

La,n American in Western Music

— The last century has seen an enormous exchange of

influences between Western Popular music and Latin American…

Afro-Cuban & La,n Jazz

— Cuban & Puerto Rican music in particular meets Jazz in

parts of NYC

— Gives birth to many styles and dances including:

— The Rhumba — Bossa Nova — Mambo — Salsa

1930’s – 50’s

Afro-Cuban & La,n Jazz

— The Big 3 artists:

— Machito & His Afro Cubans — Tito Rodriguez — Tito Puente

— Other important developers:

— Mario Bauza — Chano Pozo — Dizzy Gillespie

1930’s – 50’s

La,n influence in R’n’R

— Latin sounding melody & rhythm patterns surface in

the works of:

— The Kingsmen — The Beatles — The Doors — Rolling stones — Ritchie Valens — Santana

1950’s – 70’s

Tejano (Tex-Mex)

— Born on the United States/ Mexico border, fusing

traditional Mexican music with American Country and R&B

— Freddy Fender — Selena Quintanilla

1950’s – 70’s

La,n Ballad (Bolero)

— Sensitive & often passionate romantic ballads often

danced to as a waltz.

— Julio Iglesias — Luis Miguel — Enrique Iglesias — Cristian Castro

Reggaeton

— Developed in Puerto Rico fusing

— traditional Bomba — Jamaican Reggae and Dancehall — Calypso from Trinidad and the Caribbean — American Rap and Hip Hop

— Don Omar — Ivy Queen

“La,n Pop”

— Generally refers to pop music with Latin American

influence.

— Often refers to Pop Music from Latin America or sung by

Latin Americans in the USA.

— Occasionally, the definition extends back to Latin Europe

— ie: Spain, Portugal, Italy & France.

La,n Pop - language

— Usually English & Spanish

— Also Portuguese, Italian and derivatives.

— Many international artists from France and Italy

record Spanish versions of their songs for a larger audience.

La,n pop – Major Ar,sts: 70’s & 80’s onwards

— Luis Miguel — Julio Iglesias — Gloria Estefan — Menudo — Vicente Fernandez — José Feliciano — Gipsy Kings — Zucchero — Santana

Gloria Estefan – Mi Tierra

Santana – (Da Ye) Yaleo - Live

Zucchero – Love is all Around

La,n pop – Major Ar,sts: 90’s to today:

—

Ricky Martin

—

Shakira

—

Eros Ramazzotti

—

Juanes

—

Thalía

—

Enrique Iglesias

—

Jennifer Lopez

—

Christina Aguilera

—

Pitbull

Los Del Rio - Macarena

Shakira – Whenever, Wherever

Instruments

Instruments

1 - Arpa llanera (harp of the Llanos) 2 - Cuatro (four-stringed guitar from the Llanos) 3 – Maracas 4 – Panpipes 5 – Acoustic Guitar 6 - Bombo (Indian drum from the Bolivian Andes)

Produc,on

— Vast array of style and instrumentation –

— well researched and aware

— Often Rhythmically complex & Instrumentally full

— Can it all fit?

— Importance of Percussion.

— In most genres percussion may be a background element, however in

Latin it is usually one of the most if not the most important element in a song.

Produc,on

— Certain instruments may share or swap lead roles, — Fusion or Combination of instruments achieves the rhythmic feel — Major goal – Instruments meshing well together while allowing them

all their own bit of “space” in the mix.

— Separation

Produc,on

— Certain instruments may share or swap lead roles, — Fusion or Combination of instruments achieves the rhythmic feel — Major goal – Instruments meshing well together while allowing them

all their own bit of “space” in the mix.

— Separation

— EQ

—

Additive & Subtractive — Panning

—

Use that Stereo field

The Mask – Cuban Pete