Instant Carpooling Just Add p g Passengers and Go: the Phenomenon - - PDF document

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Instant Carpooling ‐ Just Add p g Passengers and Go: the Phenomenon That Is Casual Carpooling

Thursday, March 31, 2011 y Sponsored by ACT, National Center for Transit Research at USF, and Best Workplaces for Commuters Sponsored by:

Association for Commuter Transportation

 Advocates for TDM  Provides professional growth and

networking opportunities

 Communicates the latest information on

TDM best practices and industry news

 ACT International Conference  Chicago August 27-31  For more info, visit www.actweb.org

3/29/2011 2

Sponsored by:

National Center for Transit Research

 NCTR is located at the

Center for Urban

 Commuter Choice

Certificate Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) at the University

• f South Florida

 National TDM and

Telework Clearinghouse

Certificate

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 www.commuterservices.com

 Home of the new Best

Workplaces for Commuters

Help Desk

 www.nctr.usf.edu/clearing

house

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Netconference Evaluation

You can choose receive one credit under Commuter Choice Certificate program managed b the Center for Choice Certificate program managed by the Center for Urban Transportation Research at the University of South Florida by simply providing your contact information on the evaluation form.

l Evaluation:

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Form also will appear at end of event

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Speakers

Marc Oliphant Mark Burris, PhD. T A&M Susan Heinrich, Metropolitan Department of the Navy Texas A&M Metropolitan Transportation Commission

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Overview & S lugging in D C Overview & S lugging in D.C. ACT/ NCTR Webinar

March 31, 2011 Marc Oliphant Marc Oliphant Department of the Navy

Carpooling Is:

• Inexpensive
• Environmentally Friendly
• A Congestion Reducer
• Light on Infrastructure
• Socially Beneficial

y

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Background on Carpooling

• 1940’s

▫ WWII: Carpool for War Effort

• 1970’s

▫ Oil Embargo ▫ First Vanpools @ 3M, Chrysler ▫ Organic Dynamic Ridesharing

 “Slugging” & “Casual Carpooling”

• On Decline For Past 30 Years

▫ 1980: 19.7% ▫ 1990: 13.3% ▫ 2000: 12.2%*

*Pisarski, 2006, Commuting in America III

Traditional Carpool Arrangement

Neighborhood X

Carpool A 1 2 3 Carpool B Each blue square represents Downtown Carpool B 4 5 6 Carpool C 7 8 9 Carpool D Each blue square represents

• ne carpooler.

p 10 11 12 Carpool E 13 14 15

Parallel Public Transit/Backup Transportation

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The Trouble with Traditional Carpooling:

Just before quitting time a man was called into an unplanned meeting He couldn’t find anyone an unplanned meeting. He couldn t find anyone from his carpool so he left a note for them saying “ Gotta w ork late, leave w ithout m e.” At 7 p.m., when his meeting finally ended, he found a note

• n his chair that read:

“Meet us at the restaurant across the street, YOU DROVE!”

Joke Courtesy of Mike Burkhart, www.mikeburkhart.com

Fundamentals of Casual Carpooling/ S lugging

• A mutually beneficial relationship between

passengers and drivers

▫ Participants cooperate to save TIME and MONEY

• Driven by strong incentives to individuals

▫ No money exchanged*

• A transit system that goes by itself.

*This was the universal rule for 30+ years until July 2010 when an

HOV toll went into effect in San Francisco (Susan will elaborate)

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Meeting Place Based Dynamic Ridesharing

Person B Person A Person C Person D Person E Common Meeting Place Dynamic Carpools Downtown Carpools form and depart as participants i Person F Person G arrive. Parallel Public Transit/Backup Transportation

How S lugging Works

• Lines of People

and Lines of Cars

• Create Instant Carpools

B d C

(Horner Road Commuter Lot) I‐95 Exit 158 in Northern VA

Based on Common Destinations

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The Return Trip

• Similar Afternoon

System

14th Street and New York Avenue Downtown Washington, D.C.

S lugging in Northern VA/ DC

• Slugging began in the

1970’s with HOV laws 1970 s with HOV laws

• Most extensive system

(# of origins & destinations)

• Centered on the I95/395

corridor corridor

• 6,500 people slug daily

(VDOT 2006)

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WASHINGTON, DC 14th & NY 14th & D Street 14th & Constitution 14th & Commerce 14th & Independence 14th & G Street

Map of S lugging Locations

WOODBRIDGE

Old Hechinger's Tackett's Mill Horner Rd Potomac Mills

L'Enfant Plaza 19th & F Street 19th & I Street NORTHERN VIRGINIA Pentagon Rosslyn Crystal City SPRINGFIELD Bob's Daventry Cardinal Plaza

Montclair Fire Station Montclair Nothgate

• Rt. 234 (Dumfries Rd)

STAFFORD

Mine Road Route 610 Route 630

21A

Rolling Valley Huntsman Mobile Station FREDERICKSBURG

Route 3 Route 17

Slide Courtesy of David LeBlanc

www.slug-lines.com

• #1 source for

slugging information in the

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information in the D.C. area.

• Voluntarily
• perated for 10+

years by David years by David LeBlanc.

Image Courtesy of David LeBlanc, LeBlanc9425@yahoo.com

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Recent Changes in D.C.

• Fall 2010- DDOT relocated slug-lines along 14th

Street

• Feb 2011- Loss of 750 commuter parking spaces
• Feb 2011 Loss of 750 commuter parking spaces

at Potomac Mills Mall in Woodbridge.

• UPCOMING- High Occupancy Toll (HOT) Lanes

▫ Under construction on Capital Beltway (I-495) ▫ Planned for Shirley Highway (I-95)

S LUGGING 2.0 in D.C.

h k f

• Two Listservs (that we know of)
• “eSLUG”

▫ Origin: Navy Yard Area of Washington, D.C. ▫ http://groups.yahoo.com/group/eslug/ ▫ Destination: “Horner Road” Park and Ride Lot

• “RosslynSlugs”

▫ Origin: Rosslyn Area of Arlington ▫ http://finance.groups.yahoo.com/group/RosslynSlugs /?m=0 ▫ Destination: “Route 17” Park and Ride Lot

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More Info/ Links of Interest

• www.slug-lines.com

▫ Complete source for D.C. slugging information

• http://rugoingmyway.us/
• http://www.miller-mccune.com/culture-

society/slugging-the-peoples-transit-28068/

• http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/
• http://ridesharechoices.scripts.mit.edu/home

Contact

Marc Oliphant, AICP

Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) Washington 1314 Harwood St. SE Bldg. 212 Washington Navy Yard, DC 20374-5018 Phone: (202) 685-8049 marc.oliphant@navy.mil

• r

marcoliphant@hotmail.com p @

Special Thanks to: FHWA Exploratory Advanced Research Program, Association for Commuter Transportation, NCTR, FHWA Office of Operations, and Naval Facilities Engineering Command

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Mark Burris Texas A & M University Mburris@tamu.edu Mburris@tamu.edu

 Slugging occurs at three locations  Slugging occurs at three locations

• Kingsland and Addicks Park & Ride lots on I-10
• NW Station Park & Ride lot on US 290

 Occurs mostly between 6:00 AM and 9:00 AM  Changes with HOV occupancy requirements  Mainly use transit for return trips, a small

percentage slug back from Louisiana Street (downtown)

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North Northwest Station tation Park Park and and Ride ide Kings Kingsland Park and and Park and Ride Ride Addicks Addicks Park and Ride ark and Ride Northwes hwest Station Station Park Park and and Ride Ride

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 HOV Lane:

• SOVs never allowed, Buses always free

y

• from 5 am to 6:45 am

 HOV 2+ Free

• From 6:45 am to 8:00 am

 HOV 2 pay $2 toll through QuickRide program  HOV 3+ free  HOV 3+ free

• From 8:00 am to 11 am and 2 pm to 7

pm:

 HOV 2+ Free

30 35 40

June 2003 Slug Count June 2003 Slug Count NW Station (135) Kingsland (130)

10 15 20 25 30

Numb Number of er of Slugs Slugs

g ( ) Addicks 219)

5

5:30 AM 5:45 AM 6:00 AM 6:15 AM 6:30 AM 6:45 AM 7:00 AM 7:15 AM 7:30 AM 7:45 AM 8:00 AM 8:15 AM 8:30 AM 8:45 AM 9:00 AM 9:15 AM

Time of Time of Day Day

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 203 at the Addicks Park & Ride lot,  161 at the Kingsland Park & Ride lot, and

6 at t e gs a d a & de ot, a d

 214 at the Northwest Station Park & Ride lot.  All greater than the June count, with NW

Station seeing a 50%+ increase

 Surveyed these slugs, all but ≈7% took a

y g , survey, 40% returned completed survey.

40 45

d

15 20 25 30 35 mber of Observations

Average = 144 seconds

5 10 0-59 60-119 120-179 180-239 240-299 300-359 360-419 420-479 Wait Time (seconds) Num

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Travelers (n=1032) Traditional HOV on the HOV lane (n=331) Casual Carpool Passengers 4+ times/wk (n=149) Transit Riders (n=290) Trip Purpose Trip Purpose CommuteAB 85.0% 79.8% 96.0% 88.9% Work (non-commute) 9.0% 5.8% 4.0% 7.3% Other 6.0% 14.4% 0.0% 3.8% Trips per Week 9.85 9.91 9.67 9.20 Age 25-34AB 23.0% 17.9% 27.7% 18.4% 55-64B 12.5% 11.1% 5.4% 12.0% 65+A 2.8% 4.0% 0.7% 0.7% SexA Male 60.9% 49.7% 50.7% 45.8% Female 39.1% 50.3% 49.3% 54.2% Household SizeA 3.02 3.32 3.01 3.06 Number of VehiclesA 2.42 2.39 2.22 2.19

A Significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference when comparing all four modes B Significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference when comparing casual carpooling

and transit Travelers (n=1032) Traditional HOV on the HOV lane (n=331) Casual Carpool Passengers 4+ times/wk (n=149) Transit Riders (n=290) Occupation Professional/ManagerialB 62.8% 57.9% 67.6% 56.9% Administrative/ClericalA 8.4% 10.8% 19.6% 23.5% Administrative/Clerical 8.4% 10.8% 19.6% 23.5% Education High School GraduateA 4.2% 6.5% 6.1% 8.7% Some college/Vocational 23.5% 23.7% 22.4% 24.5% College Graduate 46.9% 43.6% 51.7% 44.0% Postgraduate Degree 24.9% 25.9% 19.7% 22.4% Income Less than $24,999 2.3% 1.5% 0.7% 4.8% $25,000 to $74,999 34.4% 31.4% 42.7% 44.5% $75,000 to $99,999 21.5% 17.3% 24.6% 19.7% $100,000 to $199,999A 32.3% 42.4% 29.7% 28.5% $200,000 or moreA 9.4% 7.4% 2.2% 2.8% Travel Time 57.00 54.24 55.30 55.46

A Significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference when comparing all four modes B Significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference when comparing casual carpooling and

transit

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Familiarity With Current Carpool Companions Never traveled with before 65.3% Traveled with once or twice before 28.1% Travel with frequently 6 6% Travel with frequently 6.6% Reasons That Would Cause You NOT to Casual Carpool More than 5 persons waiting for carpool 14.0% More than 10 persons waiting for carpool 47.8% Bus arrives just as traveler arrives 3.9% Unsafe feeling about the carpool 27.5% No one in line waiting to form a casual carpool 2.2% Bad weather 15.7% More frequent bus service to destination 9.0% Other 29.2% Frequency of Casual Carpool Use Everyday 52.0% 3 to 4 days per week 24.0% 1 to 2 days per week 19.9% Less than once per week 4.1% First time 0.0% Reason For Using Casual Carpooling Congestion on the freeway 28 1% Congestion on the freeway 28.1% Bus service too slow 52.6% Cars more comfortable than the bus 34.2% Save money 62.8% Save time 79.1% Meet new people 16.3% Other 13.3% Mode Used for Evening Return Trip Casual carpool 12.8% Bus 66.3% regular carpool with family or friends 5.1% Drive alone 0.0% Other 15.8%

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 1 HOV Lane (pre-2009):

• SOVs never allowed, Buses always free

F 6 45 8 00 d 4 5

• From 6:45 am to 8:00 am and 4 pm to 5 pm

 HOV 2 pay $2 toll through QuickRide program  HOV 3+ free

• Other times:

 HOV 2+ Free  HOV 2+ Free

 4 Managed Lanes (2009 – present)

• SOVs pay a toll all times, HOVs pay in off-peak
• Buses always free

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Date Date Kings Kingsland* and* Addicks Addicks* Northw Northwest Station t Station June 2009* 70 Ended just 30 Ended around 203 Ended just after 9, 2 before 9, mostly 2 slugs 8:30, mix of 1 and 2 slugs. slugs during QuickRide, 1

• therwise

October 2008*A 122 Ended just before 9, mostly 2 slugs 76 Ended around 8:45, mostly 1 slug. 208 Ended just after 9, 2 slugs during QuickRide, 1

• therwise

November 2003 161 203 214 June 2003 130 219 135

A Katy single HOV lane still (partially) operational but under transition to Managed Lanes

* Katy Managed Lanes (HOV 2+ Free) began November 2008 * Katy Managed Lanes Allowed SOVs for a toll beginning April 2009

1

Casual Carpooling in San Francisco

An MPO’s Perspective

Susan Heinrich 511 Rideshare Program Coordinator Metropolitan Transportation Commission March 30, 2011

Background & History

• 1970s origin
• Probably due to gas crisis and/or
• Probably due to gas crisis and/or

transit strike

• Only one corridor – along I-80 and

across SFOBB

• MTC’s hands-off role
• Why it works

– Drivers save time and money (tolls at the SFOBB) – Riders save time and money (transit fares) – Transit back-up

2

2

Casual Carpool Studies

Study Year Casual Carpool Population 1989 8,000

• 70% of drivers said they would continue
• 78% of passengers said they would continue

, 1998 8,000 2010 8,000 2011 ?

3

2010 Survey Results

• 27% of casual carpoolers have been doing it for 10 years or longer (5%

in 1992, 15% in 1998)

• 83% of casual carpoolers do it 4-5 days per week
• 34% of casual carpoolers do it to save money (26% in 1998)
• 26% of casual carpoolers do it to save time (28% in 1998)
• 23% of drivers say they would drive alone if they could not pick up

passengers (54% would continue to drive in 1998)

• 78% of passengers say they would take transit if they could not ride (89%

in 1998)

4

3

Casual Carpoolers waiting in line for rides across the street from the transit station

5

No more free tolls

• Impacts of no more free tolls

– 23% of passengers said they would – 23% of passengers said they would pay whatever drivers ask – 44% of drivers said they would take whatever passengers offer – Reality: seems like passengers generally pay $1

• Upcoming counts in April

6

4

Expanding Casual Carpooling?

• MTC’s Climate Initiatives Program
• Real time Rideshare Pilot project in 3 counties learn and potentially
• Real-time Rideshare Pilot project in 3 counties, learn and potentially

incorporate into regional 511 Rideshare program

7

Thank You! Thank You!

Susan Heinrich 511 Rideshare Program Coordinator Metropolitan Transportation Commission 101 8th St t

8

101 8th Street Oakland, CA 94607 sheinr@mtc.ca.gov 510-817-5822