July 12 2017 C ENTER FOR C REATIVE L AND R ECYCLING Workshops & - - PDF document

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July 12 2017 C ENTER FOR C REATIVE L AND R ECYCLING Workshops & - - PDF document

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July 12 2017 C ENTER FOR C REATIVE L AND R ECYCLING Workshops & Webinars Policy & Research Consulting Technical Assistance: EPA TAB grantee Online at www.cclr.org Sarah Sieloff sarah.sieloff@cclr.org Ignacio Dayrit

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July 12 2017

CENTER FOR CREATIVE LAND RECYCLING

  • Workshops & Webinars
  • Policy & Research
  • Consulting
  • Technical Assistance: EPA TAB grantee
  • Online at www.cclr.org

Sarah Sieloff sarah.sieloff@cclr.org Ignacio Dayrit

415.398.1080 | ignacio.dayrit@cclr.org

Jean Hamerman

646.712.0535 | jean.hamerman@cclr.org

TAB LOCATIONS

Location?

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TODAY’S PRESENTATION

Introductions Mike McLaughlin SCS Engineers, Reston VA Joe Miller SCS Engineers, Pleasanton CA Sarah Sieloff Center for Creative Land Recycling Questions & Answer

TODAY’S PRESENTERS

Mike McLaughlin is Senior Vice President for

Environmental Services of SCS Engineers. He the environmental services practice group, which includes Brownfields and voluntary remediation, all appropriate inquiry, hazardous waste, Superfund, storage tank, and environmental management systems assignments. Mike has written and presented on a variety of topics, with particular emphasis in redevelopment of closed landfill sites and urban Brownfields redevelopment. He is a member of the American Bar Association’s Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources.

Joe Miller is Vice President for Solid Waste Management

Services at SCS Engineers. He directs the technical activities on environmental projects, which includes landfill engineering, landfill gas management, and landfill post-closure care. He has experience on a variety of technical and regulatory compliance projects, with particular emphasis in recent years on remedial engineering and permitting, landfill closure and post-closure maintenance, re-purposing of closed landfill sites and urban Brownfields redevelopment. He is a member of the Solid Waste Association of North America.

WHEN LIFE HANDS YOU A LANDFILL….. MAKE IT INTO SOMETHING BETTER!

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

  • Old Dumps Can Get New Life
  • Special Challenges to Re-Purposing Landfills
  • Market Drivers
  • Legal Issues
  • Technical Issues
  • Costs
  • Case Studies
  • Keys to Success

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Lakeside Marketplace, Atlanta GA

OLD DUMPS CAN GET NEW LIFE…

  • Park / Recreational Facility
  • Business Park - R&D Facility
  • Retail
  • Industrial Warehouse
  • Solar Farm
  • Container Storage / Parking
  • Multi-Use MFD / Commercial / Entertainment

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Concert Venue, Mountain View CA

SPECIAL CHALLENGES TO DEVELOPMENT

  • Legal / Regulatory Issues
  • Liability concerns under Superfund
  • Similar concerns under state laws
  • Agency scrutiny is heightened
  • Technical Issues
  • Structural design for settlement
  • Methane protection
  • Water quality protection
  • Worker Safety

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America Center, San Jose CA

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4" LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

  • All disposal of hazardous

substances at the facility occurred before the person acquired the facility.

  • All appropriate inquiries into the

previous ownership and uses of the facility

  • All legally required notices with

respect to the discovery or release

  • Full cooperation, assistance, and

access

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FedEx Facility , Newington VA

  • CERCLA Bona Fide Prospective Purchaser (BFPP)

LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

  • BFPP, Continued
  • Institutional Controls
  • Complies with any land use restrictions established or relied
  • n in connection with the response action
  • Does not impede the effectiveness or integrity of any

institutional control

  • BFPP not otherwise responsible party, and not affiliated

(familial or corporate) with responsible party

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LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

  • BFPP, Continued
  • The person exercises appropriate care with respect to

hazardous substances found at the facility by taking reasonable steps to

  • stop any continuing release
  • prevent any threatened future release
  • prevent or limit human, environmental, or natural resource

exposure to any previously released hazardous substance

  • Appropriate care probably includes protecting against

decomposition gas and maintaining integrity of cap

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5" LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

  • Landfill Regulations (States)
  • Some states require formal application for change to post-

closure uses

  • Some states have detailed and specific regulations that

apply state-wide

  • Many states do not regulate post-closure uses of older

(pre-Subtitle D) landfills, even if they had a permit

  • Voluntary Cleanup or Remediation Programs
  • Can result in formal “seal of approval” for mitigation

measures

  • Can facilitate onsite relocation of excavated wastes

without permit

  • Legal protections vary by state

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MARKET DRIVERS

  • Vibrancy of the Real Estate Industry
  • Location, Location, Location
  • Demand for urban in-fill
  • Landfills often near major highways
  • Growing need for public space
  • Developer Appetite for Risk

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Seal Point Park, San Mateo CA

CAN BE SMART GROWTH IMMINENT RFP

Many closed landfills have:

  • Good transportation access
  • Existing utility infrastructure
  • Waterfront views or other amenities
  • Urban and Suburban Corridors Extend to Once-

Isolated Landfill Sites

  • Redevelopment Can Improve Landfill Post-closure

Care

  • Revenue source for post-closure maintenance
  • Monitoring and maintenance programs are upgraded—

more active than quarterly inspections

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Sports Complex, Burlingame CA

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TECHNICAL ISSUES

  • Structural Support / Design for Settlement
  • Site Utilities
  • Methane Protection
  • Landfill Cap Construction and Protection
  • Leachate Collection and Disposal
  • Landscape and Drainage

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Produce Mart – Philadelphia PA

“SOFT EDGE” SETTLEMENT

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“HARD EDGE” SETTLEMENT

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7" DESIGN FOR SETTLEMENT: SITE PREPARATION

  • Excavate and Replace with Structural Fill ($$$)
  • Pre-loading (surcharging)
  • Proven, simple method
  • Requires time, and source of cheap soil fill
  • Allows settlement measurement and prediction
  • Deep dynamic compaction
  • Brute force approach
  • Depth of improvement varies (up to 30’ in MSW fill)
  • Works on level areas (difficult on slopes)

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SURCHARGE FILL

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DYNAMIC COMPACTION

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8" DESIGN FOR SETTLEMENT: BUILDING FOUNDATIONS

  • Deep Pile Foundations (Deep Fills)
  • Steel H-Piles
  • Pre-Cast Driven Piles
  • Drill Displacement Columns (DDC)
  • Injects grout column into soils
  • Engineered soil fill placed over the columns
  • Slab on Grade over engineered fill
  • Like “sleeping on a bed of nails”
  • Modified Spread Footing on Soil Mat (Shallow Fill)
  • Which is Best?
  • Geotechnical and structural considerations always govern
  • Need to prevent contaminant migration to groundwater
  • Should minimize waste spoils and drill cutting disposal
  • Balance above with overall cost

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PILE FOUNDATION SYSTEM

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PILE AND HINGE SLAB DESIGN

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9" METHANE PROTECTION (LANDFILL GAS)

  • Regulations and Guidance
  • Prevent gas intrusion into buildings
  • Methane threshold 25% of lower explosive limit in

buildings

  • Methane Mitigation Systems Employed
  • Active gas extraction
  • Impermeable membrane barriers
  • Passive vent system
  • Automated gas sensors/alarms in buildings
  • Utility seals
  • Utility trench cut-off barriers

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SUBSLAB VAPOR BARRIER

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SUBSLAB VENT SYSTEM

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10" METHANE MITIGATION SYSTEMS

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Subslab Gravel Vent Layer and Piping Vent Riser

METHANE MITIGATION SYSTEMS

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Sub-slab Geomembrane (HDPE)

CONSTRUCTION COSTS AT LANDFILLS

  • Foundations for retail or office can be 2 – 4.5x more

costly than traditional spread footing foundations.

  • Example (recent project – single story office)
  • Conventional slab-on grade:

$17/ sq ft footprint

  • Deep pile foundation : $78/sq ft
  • DDC foundation:

$39/sq ft

  • Methane mitigation system: $4 - $12 sq ft footprint
  • r more

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CASE STUDY – WEST COAST

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Bayshore Tech Center, San Francisco Bay Area

CASE STUDY – BAYSHORE TECH PARK

  • 45-acre municipal waste landfill (active 1940-1970)
  • 20 buildings, 980,000 square feet
  • Office Park – tech sector
  • Income producing since year 2000

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Before After

CASE STUDY – BAYSHORE TECH CENTER

  • Friction piles – structural support
  • Pre-cast concrete
  • 125 feet long, driven into bay muds (waste 40 ft deep)
  • Over 2,200 piles driven
  • Utility “raceways” integral to structural slab
  • Flexible utility connections
  • “Floating” utility vaults
  • Methane Mitigation
  • HDPE membrane below slab
  • Passive venting system under buildings and parking lot
  • Automated gas sensors/alarms in buildings

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CASE STUDY – EAST COAST

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Belvoir Business Center, Newington, Virginia

CASE STUDY: BELVOIR BUSINESS CENTER

  • Originally a quarry; used as landfill 1977 – 1984
  • Landfill area 60 acres
  • Smart growth for area – 20,000 new jobs with need

for office and distribution center

  • Site re-purposed as:
  • 150,000 FedEx Ground Facility
  • 200,000 sq ft office space

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CASE STUDY: BELVOIR BUSINESS CENTER

  • Virginia voluntary remediation program
  • Pile foundation systems
  • Methane mitigation system – building subslab vent
  • Solar fans control landfill gas migration

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SUMMARY - KEYS TO SUCCESS

  • Landfill development can be Smart Growth
  • Need owner/developer commitment to high

environmental standards

  • Challenges can be overcome with sound

engineering and construction and dedicated maintenance

  • Development provides revenue source to fund

post-closure care

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QUESTIONS

Mike McLaughlin SCS Engineers Senior Vice President Reston, Virginia

mmclaughlin@scsengineers.com

(800) 767-4727 Joseph Miller SCS Engineers Vice President Pleasanton, California

jmiller@scsengineers.com

(925) 426-0080

COMING CCLR WEBINAR SCHEDULE

Date Title August 2 National TAB Webinar: The Basics of Site Remediation for Communities September 13 In-Situ Remediation Technologies October 4 Phytoremediation Demystified October 11 Urban Agriculture & Healthfields All webinars are free - sign up at cclr.org

R e s c h e d u l e d

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14" UP NEXT: NATIONAL TAB WEBINAR

AUGUST 2 | 3:30PM ET | 12:30PM PT

Learn from KState-TAB, NJIT-TAB and CCLR about various aspects of choosing a remediation technology, including advantages/disadvantages, success and long term effects of different types of cleanup. Learn the differences between remediation corridors vs. single sites, and how to work with state regulators. Learn the tools to make informed decisions about your projects and remind you of special considerations to make while working on Brownfield sites.

BE SURE TO LOOK FOR CCLR AT…

JOIN THE REDEVELOPMENT RODEO AT BROWNFIELDS 2017

  • Seeking case studies from:
  • Rural
  • Urban
  • Get advice from

redevelopment experts

  • Propose a site at cclr.org