June 17, 2013 Presentation Outline GOAL: Help you understand how to - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Solar Technology Trends in Semiconductors, Multijunction Cells and CPV Danny Gold Project Engineer Office 212-991-2141 Mobile 347-415-5903 E-mail: danny.gold@aecom.com June 17, 2013

Presentation Outline GOAL: Help you understand how to think about the future costs of solar 1. How Solar Works 2. Trends in Pricing 3. State of the Art – Multi-junction 4. How prices can continue to fall

How Solar Works Its high school chemistry! Remember valance shells of electrons? 1S(2), 2S(2), 2P(6), 3S(2), 3P(2) = Silicon! 2 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 2 = 14 Si Si Si Si Si Si Si Si P Source: www.bpc.edu Si Si N Si Si Fermi energy = that energy in the photon from the specific P-N Junction point in the spectrum = the Si Si Si energy needed to knock the P Si electron from one shell to another Si Si Si B Si Si Si Si Si 3 June 17, 2013

Silicon Shortage What’s been happening with pricing? (second most abundant element on Earth) Source: Paula Mints, Navigant, Solar Services Program Why a shortage? Now I need ~20 modules In my life I have had Each with 60 wafers, or 11 phones (1 pager) 1200 wafers, 3 orders of • 2 cars magnitude more of this • 7 computers material • And thus needed 1 or 2 wafers of silicon • 4 June 17, 2013

Breakdown of Pricing Standard Industry Module Cost Eurocents/Watt Source: Photovoltaic (PV) Pricing Trends: Historical, Recent, and Near-term Projections, D. Feldman, G. Barbose, R. Margolis, R. Wiser, B. Darghought, A. Goodrich., NREL, LBNL, Nov. 2012. 5 June 17, 2013

Multi-junction vs. Mono-crystalline 6 June 17, 2013

Si Si Si Multi-Junction Cells P Si Si N Si Si Si P-N Junction Fermi energy = that energy in Si Si the photon from the specific Si P point in the spectrum = the Ga Si Si energy needed to knock the electron from one shell to Si Si In another Si Si Si As Si Si N Si Si Si P-N Junction Si Si Si P Ga Si Si Si Si I n Si Si Si As Si Si N Si Si Si P-N Junction Si Si Si P Ga Si Si 7 June 17, 2013 Si Si In

Wafer/Cell/Module Manufacturing Wafers Cells Modules 8 June 17, 2013

Companies Soitec, France’s Intel SolarJunction – Stanford Spinoff Boeing SpectroLab – 6 decades of experience, satellite solar panels Amonix – CPV module manufacturer Fresnel Plastic Lens III-V Semiconductor Cells Source: NREL 9 June 17, 2013

Watt/Sq Ft Module SunTech SunPower Soitec CX- Soitec STP 280- E20-327 M500 without 24Vd Fresnel Wattage 280 327 2,440 2,752 Area (ft^2) 19.84 17.57 94.08 84.16 W/ft^2 14.11 18.61 25.94 32.7 32% 83% 131% 10 June 17, 2013

Questions to keep in Mind How does efficiency impact installed system prices BOS What mayprevent the III-V multi junction cells from getting cheaper, as silicon presented a roadblock for Mono-crystallaline? 11 June 17, 2013

Thank You, Questions? AECOM 20 Exchange Place New York, New York, 10005 Main 212 991 2100 www.aecom.com