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Chair of Network Architectures and Services Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer Felix Kuperjans Advisor(s): Dr. Marc-Oliver Pahl, Stefan Liebald Supervisor: Prof.

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Chair of Network Architectures and Services Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich

Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Felix Kuperjans Advisor(s): Dr. Marc-Oliver Pahl, Stefan Liebald Supervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Carle Technical University of Munich (TUM) Department of Informatics Chair of Network Architectures and Services Garching, March 20th, 2017

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2 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Overview

Motivation
Requirements and research questions
Usable technologies
Related work
Next steps

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3 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Motivation

Virtual State Layer connects smart devices
On many different platforms
With different kinds of software (“services”)
Services for the Virtual State Layer in many languages
Especially C for embedded devices
Using standardized technologies for:
Inter-operability
Better usability for programmers

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4 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Requirements and research questions

Build native interfaces:

Java
C
Python
(FUSE filesystem)

# Requirement 1 standardized network protocol 2 inter-operability 3 low overhead of data transfers 4 low latency of a full operation 5 simplicity of the implementation 6 security: encryption, authentication 7 callback support 8 asynchronous operations 9 stateless/suspendable protocol

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5 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Usable technologies

Serialization formats:
XML, JSON, CBOR and protocol buffers
Protocols:
Will be implemented: HTTP 1.1/2.0, CoAP
Not suitable: XML-RPC, SOAP, MQTT
Callback techniques:
Double server, long polling, stateful connections

(websockets) and HTTP 2.0 server push

Code generations approaches with IDLs and SWIG

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6 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Related work

On RESTful design: NEWT (RESTful HPC service) [1]
Comparisions of serialization formats [2][3]
Protocols for IoT systems:
Multi protocol [4]
SOAP [5][6]
Protocol comparisons:
SOAP vs. HTTP with RESTful design [7]
CoAP vs. HTTP (including library comparison) [8]
Multiple programming languages for cloud services [9]
Using SWIG for C++ library [10]

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7 Felix Kuperjans | Native service interfaces for the Virtual State Layer

Next steps

Design, implement and evaluate:
Serialization with XML, JSON, CBOR and protobuf ✓
HTTP 1.1 with websockets (

) ✓

HTTP 2.0 with server push
CoAP with double server approach
C and Python connectors
Evaluation techniques:
Measurement of data size
Performance measurement
Qualitative analysis

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References

S. Cholia, D. Skinner, and J. Boverhof, “Newt: A restful service for building high performance computing web

applications,” in Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 2010. IEEE, 2010, pp. 1–11. 2) Aihkisalo, Tommi and Paaso, Tuomas, “A performance comparison of web service object marshalling and unmarshalling solutions,” in Services (SERVICES), 2011 IEEE World Congress on. IEEE, 2011, pp. 122–129. 3)

K. Maeda, “Performance evaluation of object serialization libraries in xml, json and binary formats,” in Digital

Information and Communication Technology and it’s Applications (DICTAP), 2012 Second International Conference

n. IEEE, 2012, pp. 177–182.

P. Desai, A. Sheth, and P. Anantharam, “Semantic gateway as a service architecture for iot interoperability,” in Mobile

Services (MS), 2015 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2015, pp. 313–319. 5)

N. B. Priyantha, A. Kansal, M. Goraczko, and F. Zhao, “Tiny web services: design and implementation of

interoperable and evolvable sensor networks,” in Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems. ACM, 2008, pp. 253–266. 6)

R. Kyusakov, J. Eliasson, J. Delsing, J. van Deventer, and J. Gustafsson, “Integration of wireless sensor and

actuator nodes with it infrastructure using service-oriented architecture,” IEEE Transactions on industrial informatics,

vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 43–51, 2013.

T. Aihkisalo and T. Paaso, “Latencies of service invocation and processing of the rest and soap web service

interfaces,” in Services (SERVICES), 2012 IEEE Eighth World Congress on. IEEE, 2012, pp. 100–107. 8)

M. Kovatsch, M. Lanter, and Z. Shelby, “Californium: Scalable cloud services for the internet of things with coap,” in

Internet of Things (IOT), 2014 International Conference on the. IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–6. 9)

K. Ericson and S. Pallickara, “Adaptive heterogeneous language support within a cloud runtime,” Future Generation

Computer Systems, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 128–135, 2012. 10) N. M. O’Boyle, C. Morley, and G. R. Hutchison, “Pybel: a python wrapper for the openbabel cheminformatics toolkit,” Chemistry Central Journal, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 5, 2008.

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