National Development Council
Opportunity Zones 101 for Public Housing Authorities February 4, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Opportunity Zones 101 for Public Housing Authorities February 4, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Opportunity Zones 101 for Public Housing Authorities February 4, 2020 National Development Council Webinar Overview Goals: Introduce Opportunity Zones, including how they work, and how they can be used as a tool for community and
Webinar Overview
- Goals:
- Introduce Opportunity Zones, including how they work,
and how they can be used as a tool for community and economic development, especially affordable housing
- Share ways Public Housing Authorities (PHAs) can
engage with Opportunity Zones
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Agenda
- 1. Opportunity Zones (OZs) Overview
- 2. Potential roles for PHAs
- 3. How do OZs work?
- 4. Leveraging federal resources
- 5. Case studies: How PHAs have engaged
- 6. Questions
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What Are Opportunity Zones?
- Opportunity Zones (OZs) are geographic locations –
low-income census tracts designated by Treasury
- Provides a tax incentive for investors to invest
capital gains into projects in Opportunity Zones
- Investors can invest in real estate and operating
businesses
- Established by congress in the Tax Cuts and Jobs
Act of 2017 and administered by Treasury
- Goal is to spur private sector investment and job
creation in economically distressed communities
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What Are Opportunity Zones Not?
- OZ is not a federal grant program
- There is not an application for OZ funding
- Capital from OZ investors will not be the only
source of funding for a project – still need other sources in the capital stack (debt, LIHTC, etc.)
- OZ is not only for housing projects – a wide variety
- f real estate projects and operating businesses
can benefit
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https://opportunityzones.hud.gov/resources/map
Where Are Opportunity Zones?
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OZ Projects
Communities Other capital Dealmakers/ Matchmakers Project Sponsors or Enablers Investors
Banks CDFIs Foundations Federal programs (potentially through PHAs) Accountants Attorneys Brokers Financial Advisors Entrepreneurs Landowners Companies Incubators PHAs National & regional funds Local funds Individuals Cities & Counties Economic Developers Community
- rganizations
PHAs
Who are the players involved in OZ?
What are the potential roles for PHAs?
As a project developer: If a PHA develops housing, OZ capital could be one portion of their capital stack, and can work alongside LIHTC and other federal and local sources of funds As a convener: PHAs often know what their communities need, and know the different stakeholders involved. As anchor institutions, they can help bring people together to educate on what OZ is, organize around a community strategy, and connect partners to facilitate project development.
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What are the potential roles for PHAs? (cont)
As an advocate: PHAs can participate in community OZ activities, making sure that community voice and values are included in the conversation. As a landowner: PHAs can sell or lease land in Opportunity Zones to projects that utilize OZ capital for construction of workforce housing, commercial space, or other mission- aligned projects.
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What are the Investor Benefits?
OZ offers three main benefits to investors:
- 1. Deferral of Capital Gains Taxes
- Until 12/31/2026
- 2. Reduction of Taxes
- 10% at year 5
- 15% at year 7
- 3. Exclusion of Future Taxes on OZ investment
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How can PHAs benefit from OZ?
- The tax incentive accrues to the investor – but
PHAs, and the communities they work in, can benefit from:
- More readily available capital for projects
- More affordable capital
- New housing & economic development projects in their
communities
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Taxpayers invest capital gains from sale of assets
- Stock or
partnership interest in
- perating
business in OZ
- Qualified OZ
property
Qualified Opportunity Funds (QOFs)
How OZs Work
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Qualified Opportunity Fund (QOF)
- 3. Qualified OZ
Stock
- 2. Qualified OZ
Partnership Interest
- 1. Qualified OZ
Business (QOZB) Property Qualified OZ Business (QOZB) Direct Ownership Indirect Ownership 90% Asset Test 70% Asset Test
Investor(s)
How OZs Work: A Little More Detail
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Opportunity Fund Single Investor Multiple Investors Opportunity Fund
$ $ $ $ $
OZ Project (i.e. multifamily housing) Portfolio of Projects
Sample Structures
15 End of 7-year step-up window* End of 5-year step-up window* Tax Deferral ends Investment window ends 6/30/27
2018 2019 2026
Investment window began
2027 2021 2047 2028
BEGIN 10+ year disposal window
…
END 10+ year disposal window
*Investors can invest until 2027, but those that invest after 2019 will not be eligible to reduce their capital gains taxes by 15%, and investors that invest after 2021 will not be eligible to reduce by 10%.
Adapted from EIG
Timeline for Investing in OZ
Key Points to Remember
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- Equity investments (not loans or grants)
- Market-driven (requires relationship with
investor)
- Best for projects that appreciate over time
- Know the rules! (You can read the regs here.)
Opportunity Zones and Housing
- The OZ incentive is well-designed for market-rate
and workforce multifamily housing projects.
- Many examples of market-rate and workforce housing
- https://irei.com/news/multifamily-development-bright-
spot-opportunity-zone-initiative/
- OZ capital has been used for new construction of
affordable housing projects, typically coupled with
- ther federal subsidies
- https://www.ncsha.org/wp-content/uploads/Case-
Study-Parramore.pdf
- https://www.ncsha.org/wp-content/uploads/Case-
Study-Ox-Fibre.pdf
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What Other Benefits Does OZ Designation Bring?
- Even if OZ capital isn’t used, being in an Opportunity
Zone can bring other benefits to housing projects:
- Many federal grant and programs are offering benefits to
designated Opportunity Zones and Qualified Opportunity Zone investors
- FHA has introduced incentives for certain multifamily loans
insured by FHA for properties in OZ census tracts
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OPPORTUNITY ZONES “Leveraging Federal Resources”
February 4, 2019 Erich Yost US Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Field Policy and Management
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Guidance
Provide Guidance on How to Target Investments
Coordination
Coordinate with Other Federal Agencies in Administering Programs
Measure
Measure Investment Outcomes
WHITE HOUSE UPDATES
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WHORC IMPLEMENTATION PLAN: WORK STREAMS ACTION ITEMS
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Building and activating your Opportunity Zone ecosystem is a joint effort across all HUD Programs lead by your Local HUD Office Field Staff
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HUD’S ROLE
Coordinate Federal Programs and Investments from Other Agencies Collect Data to Assess Effectiveness
- f Investments
Lead Local Efforts to Attract Private Investment
WHITE HOUSE OPPORTUNITY AND REVITALIZATION COUNCIL
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- pportunityzones.hud.gov
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OPPORTUNITY ZONE WEBSITE
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OPPORTUNITY ZONES TOOLKIT / VOLUME 1
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SUMMARY – PREPARING FOR POTENTIAL INVESTMENTS
OPPORTUNITY ZONES TOOLKIT / VOLUME 1
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Federal Agency Opportunity Zone Resources (As of 1/31/20)
- 19 Federal Agencies have aligned 202 grants or
programs to Opportunity Zones
- Offer bonus points, preference points, priority
consideration and other benefits if working with and in OZ or with QOF
- Total of 161 Grants: 28 Currently Open
- Total of 41 Programs
- See OpportunityZones.gov for open and updated
listing.
Annual Total Over $8 Billion!
https://opportunityzones.hud.gov/localleaders
OZ FEDERAL PROGRAM ALIGNMENT
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HUD GRANTS WITH OPPORTUNITY ZONE PREFERENCE
Choice Neighborhoods Implementation Grant Program Choice Neighborhoods Planning Grants Community Development Block Grant Program for Indian Tribes and Alaska Native Villages Comprehensive Housing Counseling Grant Program Fair Housing Initiative Program – Education and Outreach Fair Housing Initiative Program - Fair Housing Organization Initiative Fair Housing Initiative – Private Enforcement Initiative Healthy Homes Production Grant Program for Tribal Housing HOPE VI Main Street Grant Program Indian Housing Block Grant (IHBG) Program-Competitive Grants Jobs Plus Initiative Lead Hazard Reduction Grant Program Project Rental Assistance Program of Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities Resident Opportunity & Self-Sufficiency Program Rural Capacity Building for Community Development and Affordable Housing Grants (RCB) Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program Section 4 Capacity Building for Community Development and Affordable Housing Grants Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Capital Advance) Self-Help Homeownership Opportunity Program Veterans Housing Rehabilitation and Modification Pilot Program Note: those marked in RED are currently open. See OpportunityZones.gov for open and updated listing.
OZ FEDERAL PROGRAM ALIGNMENT: HUD
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HUD PROGRAMS WITH OPPORTUNITY ZONE PREFERENCE
- Distressed Cities Technical Assistance
- Guidance on Submitting Consolidated Plans and Annual Action Plans
- Incentives for FHA Mortgage Insurance for Properties Located in Opportunity Zones
(Multifamily)
- Incentives for FHA Mortgage Insurance for Properties Located in Opportunity Zones
(Residential Care / Nursing Homes)
- Neighborhood Stabilization Program
- Office of Housing "New Pilot”
- OpportunityZones.gov Website
- Opportunity Zone Toolkit Volume 1
- Procure Pilot
- Rental Assistance Demonstration – Final Implementation, Revision 4
- Request for Information - Opportunity Zones
- Section 220 (Mortgage Insurance for Rental Housing
Others
- FAQ Document on Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) Rent Increases in Opportunity
Zones
OZ FEDERAL PROGRAM ALIGNMENT: HUD
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Federal Government Websites
- OpportunityZones Website (https://opportunityzones.hud.gov/)
The US Department of Housing and Urban Development developed the "OpportunityZones.gov" website that provides information about the White House Opportunity and Revitalization Council along with information for investors, local leaders and entrepreneurs with resources and news stories about Opportunity Zones and the Council actions.
- USA Opportunity Zones Tool (http://www.statsamerica.org/opportunity/)
The EDA, Indiana University and its Kelley School of Business created s web-based tool that offers information
- n every Opportunity Zone. Information includes age distribution, educational attainment, industry mix,
- ccupation mix, and more.
- Department of Commerce, Economic Development Administration Opportunity Zones Website
(https://www.eda.gov/opportunity-zones/) EDA created a website for Opportunity Zones. The website provides a database of their investments in Opportunity Zones along with the steps that EDA has taken to prioritize Opportunity Zones.
- Department of Transportation Opportunity Zones Website (https://www.transportation.gov/opportunity-zones)
The Department Transportation created a website for Opportunity Zones. The website identifies transportation assets that fall within Opportunity Zones with the goal of driving investment of all types to these areas.
- CityBuilder Website (https://www.citivelocity.com/citybuilder/eppublic/cb)
Department of Housing and Urban Development and Department of Commerce: Opportunity Project Winner. Citi designed website provides data-driven insights into Opportunity Zones and a directory of Qualified Opportunity Funds. 29
OPPORTUNITY ZONES: MAPPING TOOLS
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- Charlottesville, VA: Habitat for Humanity (HFH) purchased a mobile home park several years ago, and
with the help of Opportunity Zones funding, are now planning to build 800 units of housing, half of which will be affordable and offered first to current residents, as well as commercial space that will be available to park residents rent free if they are interested in starting a business.
- Newark, NJ: Newark developer Ron Beit is launching a $40 million Opportunity Fund focused on building
housing for teachers and other social impact-related projects in cities across the U.S.
- Cleveland, OH: Localhealthcare system Metro Health announced a $60 million direct investment into a
250-unit affordable apartment complex in its Clark-Fulton neighborhood utilizing Opportunity Zone capital.
- Chicago, IL: The $100 million Solar Chicago Fund, managed by Chicago-based 548 Capital, acquired its first
capital infusion in June. The fund aims to renovate, retrofit, and preserve 3,300 low-income units
- n Chicago’s South and West sides through energy efficiency mechanisms.
- Los Angeles, CA: SoLa Impact, a developer of affordable and workforce housing in distressed
neighborhoods of South Los Angeles, raised a $100 million Opportunity Fund - its largest fund to date. Martin Muoto, founder of SoLa Impact, plans to build between 1,500 and 2,500 units in the neighborhood, and also construct commercial space for new businesses to locate and potentially take advantage of Opportunity Zones financing.
OPPORTUNITY ZONES: NATIONAL HOUSING TRANSACTIONS
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SoLA Impact has become the largest landlord of HUD Section 8 Voucher Holders in the City of Los Angeles by creating their own Opportunity Zone Fund and leveraging the funding.
CASE STUDY: SOLA IMPACT AND HCV RESIDENTS
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CASE STUDY: SOLA IMPACT (CONTINUED)
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1. Apply for Federal grants with Opportunity Zone preference for services and programs for residents and HUD-assisted households 2. Leverage Federal programs with Opportunity Zone benefits for activities and programs for PHA clients and customers 3. Include Qualified Opportunity Funds in the capital stack for multifamily housing, Rental Assistance Demonstration projects , and homeless projects 4. Use Qualified Opportunity Funds for broader community needs to benefit local residents
OPPORTUNITY ZONES: PUBLIC HOUSING AUTHORITIES
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The Metropolitan Development and Housing Agency (MDHA) took an active role during the OZ designation process MDHA has advised individuals on how to take advantage of the OZ incentive MDHA administers project-based vouchers in a mixed-income housing project that utilizes OZ capital
Project used LIHTC and project-based vouchers for 20% of units affordable at 50% AMI. Originally, remaining units were to be market-rate, but OZ capital enabled them to set aside 30% of those units at 30% below-market rent for workforce housing
Case Study: Nashville, TN
Case Study: Adams County, CO
- As an anchor institution, Unison Housing Partners took
an early & active role disseminating information about OZs
- Viewed OZ as an opportunity to spur collaboration
between institutions
- Hosted a symposium in early 2018 with neighborhood
stakeholders
- Encouraged creation of County taskforce
- See potential to use OZ as a tool in areas near transit, to
rent out commercial space & create additional income stream to use for housing
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Key Takeaways From PHA Interviews
- Play to your strengths: PHAs have been involved with Opportunity Zones in a wide
variety of ways - there’s no one way to get involved.
- Consider the tradeoffs: Several PHAs mentioned that there can be a mismatch
between different partners’ priorities. Developers using OZ (whether PHAs or
- therwise) must evaluate the tradeoffs between profitability and housing
affordability.
- Knowledge is power: Several PHAs owned land in OZ’s, and were asked about the
designation from potential buyers.
- Pay attention to hidden opportunities: For one PHA, becoming known as an expert in
OZ has built community trust and opened doors to other opportunities and sources of capital.
- Potential for new partnerships: Many PHAs see this as an opportunity for private
developers and public or nonprofit entities to converge.
- Could use OZ development partnership opportunities to use Project Based
Vouchers as a way to deconcentrate Racially & Ethnically Concentrated Areas of Poverty created by public housing in other census tracts.
- Keep learning: The OZ marketplace is still evolving, so there are more lessons to learn!
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Additional Resources
- HUD Opportunity Zone Website: resources & maps
- IRS Final Regulations and FAQs: view the official regs
- EIG Activity Map: view activities that have taken place in OZ’s
- Lists of Opportunity Funds: Novogradac and NCSHA
- Additional resources for mapping your OZ:
- Enterprise Opportunity 360
- Policy Map
- Urban Institute Community Impact Assessment Tool
- Mastercard Inclusive Growth Score
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NDC focuses on HOMES, JOBS and COMMUNITY.
OUR MISSION SINCE 1969 NDC directs capital to support the development and preservation of affordable housing, creates jobs through small business lending, advances livable communities with social infrastructure investment, and builds capacity with hands-on technical assistance to local governments.
National Development Council
Contact Information
We'd like to hear from you. Please let us know how HUD can assist PHAs in engaging with Opportunity Zones. OpZonesQuestions@hud.gov
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