Optimal grid expansion planning of Iran's interconnected - - PDF document

14/05/2018

Optimal grid expansion planning of Iran's interconnected water-energy networks with renewable energy technologies – Part II: Formulation

Prepared by: Milad Pooladsanj Presented by: Milad Pooladsanj Supervisors: Amin Nobakhti Mahdi Sharifzadeh

Contents

1.

What is water-energy nexus?!

2.

Why is water-energy nexus important?

3.

The role of renewable energies

4.

Problem statement

5.

Formulation

6.

Case study: Iran’s water-energy network

7.

Future studies

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• Water and Energy:

infrastructures of paramount importance for human livelihood

• closely intertwined → Must be

addressed together

• We do not appreciate the coupled

correlation between them → How to decouple?

• Nucleus of this bond is the

reciprocal dependency of resources → one resource’s demand can steer further demand

What is Water-Energy Nexus?!

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• Water-related risks to energy security

Why is Water-Energy Nexus Important?

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Amount of Energy Required to provide 1𝑛 of water safe for human consumption

• Energy-related risks to water security

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• Renewables and natural gas are the big winners in the race to meet

energy demand growth until 2040 (IEA)

• 37% of power generation will be from renewables, compared with 23%

today (IEA)

The Role of Renewable Energies

3

REN21 - 2015

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Average annual growth in renewable energy capacity and biofuels production across the three end-use sectors

REN21 - 2015

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Life cycle water withdrawals (gal/MWh)

IRENA - 2014

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Problem Statement

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 G1 D1

Grid expansion planning of a simple network

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Grid Expansion Planning Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) Generation Expansion Planning (GEP)

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Importance of This Project

• Data acquisition across the interconnected systems of the nexus is

difficult

• Previous presentation
• Intricate optimization problem
• Too many variables (80k in a deterministic case)
• NP-hard

Convex relaxation (unsolvable in large-scales) Linear relaxation

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Optimization problem Objective function Constraints Generation constraints Transmission constraints

Formulation

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Objective function Economical Environmental

Power generation cost Water generation cost Capital costs Fixed costs Variable costs

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+

Electrical power produced

• Losses

per line + - Storage facilities

Water demand in a node Water supplied to a node

Energy demand in a node

Water based Non-water based

Electricity based

Non-electricity based

Generation constraints

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Conventional generation

• Max & min generation capacity

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• Ramp rate (% of generation capacity)

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Wind turbine

• Cut-in speed
• Cut-out speed
• Rated power
• Wind speed

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Solar panel

• Efficiency
• Panel surface
• Solar irradiance

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Pumped storage facilities

• Efficiency
• Reservoir capacity
• Relation between reservoir capacity

and input – output power

• Maximum input/output power

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Water purification Wastewater treatment Membrane desalination Thermal desalination Water production

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Transmission constraints

𝑄 = 2𝑕(1 − cos𝜀) 𝑄

• = 𝑐 sin 𝜀

𝜀 𝜀 𝑐, 𝑕 Line parameters (Fixed) Voltage angles (Variable)

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• Mixed-integer linear program in

GAMS

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Case study: Iran’s water-energy network

FAO AQUASTAT- 2015 Total Production of Renewables (Mtoe)

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Iran Electricity Generation from 1971 to 2013 by Fuel (TWh) 2013

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Wind 0-5000 MW 10000-15000 MW 5000-10000 MW 25000-30000 MW 20000-25000 MW 15000-20000 MW Solar Gas

Parameter Value Year 2040 Peak Demand 108 GW Integration of Renewables > 30% Scenario Deterministic Daily Cost 43 M$

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Future studies

• Stochastic optimization

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• Realistic analysis

Construction time Time value of money

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• Dynamic decision making

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Thank you for your time!

Milad.Pooladsanj@ee.sharif.edu

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