Precision Radial Velocities in the Near Infrared with TEDI James - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Precision Radial Velocities in the Near Infrared with TEDI James Lloyd (Cornell University) “Do there exist many worlds, or is there but a single world? This is one of the most noble and exalted questions in the study of Nature.” -Albertus Magnus 1193-1280 Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Outline • M dwarfs & Infrared RV Declare victory: 60/40 by talk emphasis • Transits • Accuracy, precision and efficiency • TripleSpec Exoplanet Discovery Instrument Wednesday, August 18, 2010

A brief history of Exoplanets De l'Infinito, Universo e Mondi (1584) , “Thus is the excellence of God magnified and the greatness of his kingdom made manifest; He is glorified not in one, but in countless suns; not in a single earth, a single world, but in a thousand thousand, I say in an infinity of worlds!” Executed in 1600 Giordano Bruno Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Rate of Discovery Wednesday, August 18, 2010

The Pothole of Comte’s Positivism ! “we can determine the shapes, distances, sizes, and motions of celestial bodies, but never, by any means, will we be able to study their chemical compositions. ” Auguste Comte, 1835 Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Mass + Size = Density Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Transits ! Astrophysics ! Zapolsky & Salpeter 1969 credit: J. Fortney Wednesday, August 18, 2010

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Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Transiting planets around M-dwarfs enables detection of Earth-radius planets from the ground Secondary Transit In R-J limit: Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Wednesday, August 18, 2010

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There is no gas cell analog of Iodine cell technique for M dwarfs For calibration derived from an absorption cell, precision is set by the smaller of Q star and Q abs Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Line vs Continuum Opacity Wednesday, August 18, 2010

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Think Picket Fence Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Picket Fence = Moiré = Vernier Caliper = Beat Frequency = Spatial Frequency Heterodyning Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Moiré is a heterodyning effect Spectral Frequency Components 21 Wednesday, August 18, 2010

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First Fringes Dec 30 2007 Wednesday, August 18, 2010

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Summary • Accuracy, not just precision is critical for the M dwarf opportunity • T-EDI is achieving ~20 ms -1 intranight, 40 ms -1 night-to- night, 80 ms -1 month-to-month precision • Accuracy is 12 m/s BarnardStar-Hale-decihr -1/2 • = 1 philmuirhead -1 Wednesday, August 18, 2010