Reducing the Carbon Footprint in South Carolina Ethan R. Ware 1441 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Reducing the Carbon Footprint in South Carolina Ethan R. Ware 1441 Main Street, Suite 1250 Columbia, South Carolina 29201 Williams Mullen eware@williamsmullen.com 803-567-4610

Understanding How to Reduce Carbon Footprints is Simple… 22

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Overview 1. What is the Carbon Footprint? 2. How is EPA Tracking Your Carbon Footprint? 3. What do I do now? 44

1-Carbon Footprint Carbon Footprint: “Total amount of GHG produced to directly or indirectly support human activities, usually expressed in [CO 2 e]. ” Timeforchange.org 55

1-Carbon Footprint Generally: • Convert fuel consumption to CO 2 e. • 1 gallon gasoline= 8.7 kg CO 2 e. 66

1-Carbon Footprint Carbon Footprint for Transportation to Conference • 20 mpg • 500 miles roundtrip • 500/20= 25 gallons CO 2 e= 8.7 Kgx25 or 217.5 Kg CO 2 e 77

1-Carbon Footprint But… That is just the beginning • 5 plastic bags • 2 water bottles • 1/3 cheeseburger • Computer (32 hours) All… 1 Kg CO 2 e 88

2-EPA Tracking Obama’s One Fundamental Truth “Carbon pollution is the biggest driver of climate change…” -Obama White House And… 99

2-EPA Tracking Manufacturing Industry is the Target. 10 10 10

2-EPA Tracking 11 11 11

2-EPA Tracking Picture 12 12 12

2-EPA Tracking …So Obama’s EPA Promulgated CO 2 Reporting Rule 40 CFR 98 (2009) 13 13 13

2-EPA Tracking Objective: Collect Carbon Data • Monitoring: January 1, 2010 • Reports: September 30, 2011 • 12 New Sources: 2012 • 10,000 facilities • 90% of GHG Emissions NOTE: No GHG Controls… yet 14 14 14

2-EPA Tracking Key Elements: 1. Annual reports • 41 Source Categories • 6 Types Suppliers (fuel/industrial) • Geologic Sequestration 2. Threshold= 25,000 MT CO 2 3. Electronic 4. EPA Verification 15 15 15

2-EPA Tracking GHGs Reported • Methane • CO 2 e • N 2 O • Fluorinated GHGs 16 16 16

2-EPA Tracking Applicability: Two Types (1.) Source Specific 2010 2011 EGU CO 2 Sequestration Aluminum Use Electrical Equipment Adipic Acid Manufacture Electrical Equipment Ammonia Coal Mines Cement Nitric Acid Lime Petrochemical Silicon Soda Ash Titanium Dioxide 17 17 17

2-EPA Tracking (2.) Threshold Source: 25,000 tons 2010 2011 Ferroalloy Electronics Glass Industrial WWTU Hydrogen Fluorinated GHG Iron/Steel Industrial Landfills Lead Magnesium Pulp/Paper Petroleum/Natural gas Zinc 18 18 18

2-EPA Tracking EPA Estimates: 25,000 MTCO 2 e Fuel Design Fuel Use (mmBtu/hr) Coal 33 10,800 (lbs) Fuel Oil 35 2.3 mm(gal) 460 mm (ft 3 ) Natural Gas 50 19 19 19

2-EPA Tracking Reporting, Monitoring, Recordkeeping (1.) General Provisions • CEMS (2.) Source Specific • Process Parameters 20 20 20

2-EPA Tracking Report: • Identifying Information • Annual GHG (CO 2 e/ Speciate biomass) • Emissions Data (CEMS/Process Parameter) • Verifications Data • Best Available Monitoring Methods 21 21 21

2-EPA Tracking Not Reported: • Indirect emissions (e.g. Electricity) • Mobile sources • Offsets 22 22 22

2-EPA Tracking Even Stationary Engines Covered: • RICE/ICE • Process Heaters • Turbines • Incinerations • Control Devices NOTE: If Facility otherwise covered… 23 23 23

2-EPA Tracking Exceptions: • Portable equipment • Emergency Generators <100 hrs • Flares • Pilot Lights • Others… 24 24 24

2-EPA Tracking Summary: Your Air Permit • Recording and Reporting • GHGs • Emission Limits 25 25 25

3-What do we Do? To fix it, we have to identify the real problem to fix… 26 26 26

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3-What do we Do? EPA Suggested Strategies for Reducing GHG… Focus on Industry. 28 28 28

3-What do we Do? EPA Strategies for Reducing Carbon [Dana Hines, UNC-Ed. Dept.] 29 29 29

3-What do we Do? [Id.] 30 30 30

3-What do we Do? 31 31 31

3-What do we Do? 32 32 32

3-What do we Do? 33 33 33

3-What do we Do? But are we “fixing” the right thing? Consider these Facts… 34 34 34

3-What do we Do? Fact No. 1: All life is Carbon • Fossil fuels are organic • “No CO 2 , No Planet…” [Patrick Moore, Prager University] 35 35 35

3-What do we Do? Fact No. 2: CO 2 is at an All-time Low in Atmosphere • “Cambrian Explosion”= 10x current levels • 5x CO 2 “Optimum Level” [Id.] 36 36 36

3-What do we Do? Fact No. 3: Manmade Global Warming is - - • “Pseudo - science” [Tim Minnich, Rutgers] • “Unproven” [Dr. Briggs, Cornell] • “Entrails of a Chicken” [Dr. Robert Carter, James Cook University] 37 37 37

3-What do we Do? Fact No. 4: We were wrong about Global Warming • Carbon budget “wrong” • “Next to impossible” • Temps will not rise 0.5 ºC in 10 years • “Breathtaking” flaw in Climate Accord Nature Geoscience (August 22, 2017) 38 38 38

Summary Here is what we know… 1. Carbon Footprint measure Carbon release; 2. EPA is Tracking it as Pollutant; 3. We may Fix it, but for not affect temperature. 39 39 39