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Stacy G. Williams, Ph.D., P.E. University of Arkansas, Dept. of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Stacy G. Williams, Ph.D., P.E. University of Arkansas, Dept. of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Stacy G. Williams, Ph.D., P.E. University of Arkansas, Dept. of Civil Engineering NCAUPG Technical Conference February 2012 1 - 5% lower than mat density Cold Lane Hot Lane Low Density Permeability Gradation What should we
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Low Density Permeability Gradation What should
we measure?
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3 Projects
12” 12” 6” 6”
“Good” “Bad” “Ugly”
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80 85 90 95 100
12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H Project 1 Project 2 Project 3
Nuclear Density (% of TMD)
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4
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80 85 90 95 100
12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H Project 1 Project 2 Project 3
Core Density by SSD (% of TMD)
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4
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80 85 90 95 100
12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H Project 1 Project 2 Project 3
Core Density - CoreLok (% TMD)
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4
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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H 12C 6C J 6H 12H Project 1 Project 2 Project 3
Infiltration (cm/hr)
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4
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Discrimination
Density – all methods significant
▪ CoreLok provided greater discrimination than SSD
Permeability – significant
▪ Joint ≠ away from joint, successfully separated projects
Accuracy
Density – most ranked correctly
▪ CoreLok and SSD best ▪ Nuclear – trouble consistently identifying marginal quality
Permeability - 2/3 ranked correctly Gradation – approx. ½ ranked correctly
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2 Jobs 3 testing locations at each section Joint Construction Techniques 8 methods (sections) on each job Testing Density (field and laboratory) Field Permeability / Infiltration
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Overlap Safety Edge Aggregate
Interlock
www.transtechsys.com
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Bond cold and hot side of joint Reduce permeability
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Polymerized
emulsion
Penetrates
surface
Stabilizes joint
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Same as used for mainline paving operations
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Cold Lane Hot Lane
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Cold Lane Hot Lane
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Cold Lane Hot Lane
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2 Projects 500 ft sections for each of 8 methods 3 locations in each section
12” 12” 6” 6”
12C 12H 6H J 6C M
5’
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80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC Density, %
Nuclear Density
12C 6C J 6H 12H
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80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC T166 Density, %
Core Density -T166
6C J 6H
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80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC T331 Density, %
Core Density -T331
6C J 6H
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC Absorption, %
Core Absorption
6C J 6H
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1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC k, cm/s x 10-5
Field Permeability
6C J 6H
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200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 CF CR HO HP JB JH NW TC Infiltration, cm/hr
Infiltration
6C J 6H
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Construction method – significant Distance from joint – significant Interaction – significant Permeability / Infiltration
▪ JB and JH – Low permeability at and away from the joint ▪ Others – High permeability at joint, lower values away from the joint
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200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
Infiltration (cm/hr) Nuclear Density (%)
Nuclear Density vs. Infiltration
good poor fair
4% abs 2% abs
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Joint Heater Joint Bond Notched Wedge Rolling Patterns Tack Coat Crafco
Best Performers Not as successful Unsuccessful
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Zone of protection by CF
Permeable area near joint
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Use Density as measure of quality Already used for QC/QA efforts Joint Requirements 89 percent minimum density 4 percent maximum absorption Allow contractor to make informed decision
regarding specific joint construction method
Emphasize the importance of good construction
techniques
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Leela Bhupathiraju Alex Lueders Annette Porter Alan Nguyen Mark Greenwood Delta Asphalt of Arkansas, Inc. APAC-Arkansas, McClinton-Anchor Division Heat Design Equipment, Inc. TransTech Systems, Inc. Southern Star Materials, Inc. Pavement Technologies, Inc.
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