Survival and Growth of Woody Plants on Four Reclaimed Surface Mines - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Survival and Growth of Woody Plants on Four Reclaimed Surface Mines - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 12, 2022 240 likes •769 views

Survival and Growth of Woody Plants on Four Reclaimed Surface Mines Alexis Monteleone, Dr. Jeff Skousen, Rick Williams, Jonathan Pomp, Michael French, Dr. Jamie Schuler, Dr. Louis McDonald, Ida Holaskova West Virginia University Graduate

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Survival and Growth of Woody Plants on Four Reclaimed Surface Mines

Alexis Monteleone, Dr. Jeff Skousen, Rick Williams, Jonathan Pomp, Michael French, Dr. Jamie Schuler, Dr. Louis McDonald, Ida Holaskova West Virginia University Graduate Research Assistant

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A progression from rehabilitation restoration

History of Surface Mining Reclamation

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Composed of 5 Steps:

  • 1. Establish 4 ft deep topsoil rooting medium
  • 2. Loosely grade medium
  • 3. Plant compatible groundcovers
  • 4. Plant two tree types
  • 5. Proper planting techniques

The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA)

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Composed of 5 Steps:

  • 1. Establish 4 ft deep topsoil rooting medium
  • 2. Loosely grade medium
  • 3. Plant compatible groundcovers
  • 4. Plant two tree types
  • 5. Proper planting techniques

The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA)

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Mined Forest Native forest

Comparing a Mined vs Native Forests

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Objective

Determine the survival and growth

  • f 20 tree and shrub species on WV

surface mines

Tree and Shrub Species for Surface Mine Reclamation Plantings in Appalachia

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Williams Forestry established research blocks in 2008 and 2010 4 Mines in West Virginia: 1) Elk Run 2) Hobet 3) Fola 4) ICG-Birch River

Tree and Shrub Species for Surface Mine Reclamation Plantings in Appalachia

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20 18 10 13 9 15 16 11 17 3 1 4 14 6 12 19 5 2 7 8

8 ft. 40 ft.

Tree and Shrub Species for Surface Mine Reclamation Plantings in Appalachia

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Species Included:

Tree Species A-E

  • 1. American crabapple (Malus coronaria)
  • 2. Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)
  • 3. Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana)
  • 4. Common apple (Malus pumila)
  • 5. Common pear (Pyrus communis)
  • 6. Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis)
  • 7. Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis)
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Species Included:

Tree Species F-L

  • 8. Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida)
  • 9. Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)
  • 10. Persimmon (Dyospyros virginiana)
  • 11. Red Mulberry (Morus rubra)
  • 12. Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea)
  • 13. Washington hawthorn (Cratageus phaenopyrum)
  • 14. Wild plum (Prunus americana)
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Species Included:

Shrub Species

  • 15. Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)
  • 16. Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
  • 17. Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa)
  • 18. Highbush cranberry (Viburnum trilobum)
  • 19. Nannyberry (Viburnum lentago)
  • 20. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana)
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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species A-E)

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Elk Run

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Hobet

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Black Cherry

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Black cherry at Fola Black cherry at ICG

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species F-L)

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species F-L)

Elk Run

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species F-L)

Hobet

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Tree Survival on Four Sites (Species F-L)

Wild Plum

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Wild plum at ICG (above) and at Elk Run (right)

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Shrub Survival on Four Sites

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Shrub Survival on Four Sites

Elk Run

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Shrub Survival on Four Sites

Hobet

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Shrub Survival on Four Sites

Hobet

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Shrub Survival on Four Sites

Nannyberry

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Nannyberry at Hobet

Nannyberry at Elk Run

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species A-E)

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Fola

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Hobet

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species A-E)

Common pear

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Common pear at Elk Run Common pear at Fola

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species F-L)

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species F-L)

Fola

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species F-L)

Hobet

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Tree Height on Four Sites (Species F-L)

  • W. Hawthorn
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  • W. Hawthorn at Elk Run

(above) and ICG (right)

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Shrub Height on Four Sites

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Shrub Height on Four Sites

Elk Run

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Shrub Height on Four Sites

Blueberry

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Blueberry at Hobet Blueberry at ICG

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Height Growth Over Time

2008 2015 2016

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Height Growth Over Time

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Height Growth Over Time

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Height Growth Over Time

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Height Growth Over Time

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Conclusions

Species with ≥50% Survival:

  • Black chokeberry (56%)
  • Black cherry (55%)
  • Washington hawthorn (54%)
  • Nannyberry (52%)
  • Hazelnut (50%)
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Conclusions

Species with 40-49% Survival:

  • American crabapple (40%)
  • Chokecherry (44%)
  • Common apple (41%)
  • Eastern redbud (45%)
  • Gray dogwood (44%)
  • Highbush cranberry (47%)
  • Red mulberry (41%)
  • Serviceberry (44%)
  • Wild plum (44%)
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Conclusions

Species with 20-39% Survival:

  • Blueberry (30%)
  • Elderberry (27%)
  • Persimmon (37%)
  • Common pear (37%)
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Conclusions

Species with ≤10% Survival:

  • Flowering dogwood (10%)
  • Pawpaw (9%)
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THANK YOU! Questions?