The 2010 M 87 VHE flare and its origin: the MWL picture Martin - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The 2010 M 87 VHE flare and its origin: the MWL picture

Martin Raue for the H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, and Fermi/ LAT Collaborations and the M 87 MWL Monitoring Team

“High Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Outflows III” Barcelona, June 27 - July 1, 2011 martin.raue@desy.de

H E S S

Giant radio galaxy M 87

Distance: ~16 Mpc Central BH: MBH~ 3-6×109 M⊙ Jet angle: ~20-30° Outer radio lobes (0.2 x 0.2 deg) Highly structured inner jet (kpc) resolved in radio, optical, X-ray VHE emission (HEGRA ’99) Short-term VHE variability (H.E.S.S. 2005)

2 radio (VLA) radio (VLA)

• ptical (HST)

X-ray (Chandra) ~2 kpc (20’’) e.g. Curtis (1918), Biretta et al. (1999), Gebhardt & Thomas (2009), Aharonian et al. (2003), Aharonian et al. (2005)

Origin of the VHE emission

Dark matter annihilation CR in M 87 Intra-cluster gas Large scale jets Inner/Outer-jet

Hadronic/Leptonic

Knots? HST1? Vicinity of black hole ...

3

• E. A. Baltz et al. (2000), C. Pfrommer and T. A. Enßlin (2003),

Stawarz et al. (2005), Georganopoulos, et al. (2005), J.-P . Lenain et al. (2008), A. Reimer et al. (2004), Neronov & Aharonian (2007), Rieger & Aharonian (2008), Barkov et al. (2010)

? ? ? ?

? ? ? ?

? ? ? ?

? ? ? ?

Origin of the VHE emission

Dark matter annihilation ✖ CR in M 87 ✖ Intra-cluster gas ✖ Large scale jets ✖ Inner/Outer-jet ✔

Hadronic/Leptonic

Knots? HST1? (✔) Vicinity of black hole ✔ ...

4

Short term VHE variability (~days) places strong size constraints r < 5 × 1015 δ cm

• E. A. Baltz et al. (2000), C. Pfrommer and T. A. Enßlin (2003),

Stawarz et al. (2005), Georganopoulos, et al. (2005), J.-P . Lenain et al. (2008), A. Reimer et al. (2004), Neronov & Aharonian (2007), Rieger & Aharonian (2008), Barkov et al. (2010)

HST-1: flare (2005)

HST-1 = First bright feature in the jet resolved by Hubble Underwent major flux

• utburst in 2005 (X-ray,
• ptical, radio)

Contemporaneous VHE activity detected in 2005

Time scale different

Sub-structure, super-luminal features

5 Harris et al. 2009 Cheung et al. 2009

Core: VHE vs MWL (2008)

6

]

• 1

s

• 2

cm

• 12

[10

Φ 10 20

]

• 1

s

• 2

cm

• 12

[10

Φ

Time

A

[keV/s]

Φ 2 4

B

[Jy]

Φ 0.5 1 1.5 2

Time 02 Apr 2007 02 Jul 2007 01 Oct 2007 01 Jan 2008 01 Apr 2008

[Jy]

Φ 0.5 1 1.5 2

VLBA (43 GHz) nucleus (r = 1.2 mas) peak flux density jet w/o nucleus (1.2-5.3 mas)

C

H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, VLBA, & Chandra VHE flares coincides with increased radio and X-ray flux in the core Indication for emission from vicinity of the SMBH

Acciari et al. (2009)

2010 VHE monitoring campaign

Joint VHE monitoring campaign MAGIC & VERITAS ToO: H.E.S.S., Chandra (D. Harris et al.), 43 GHz VLBA (C. Walker et al.)

7

M 87 - 2010 VHE campaign

8

PRELIMINARY

• 1. ATel - Mariotti et
• al. 2010
• 2. ATel - ToO

triggered - Ong & Mariotti 2010

~80h observation time

M 87 - 2010 VHE flare

9

21 observations in 15 days Well described by 2 x exponential function Doubling time 0.6 ± 0.08 days

Parameter Value Units Fit range 55290 - 55299 MJD τrise

d

1.69 ± 0.30 d τdecay

d

0.611 ± 0.080 d t0 55295.954 ± 0.094 MJD Φ0 (2.01 ± 0.15) × 10−11 m−2 s−1

• Note. — χ2/d.o.f. = 10.02/11 with chance

probability P = 0.53.

PRELIMINARY

VHE flares from 2005 to 2010

10

2010 vs 2005

statistics in 2005 to low, but 2005 seems more extended

2010 vs 2008

2008 more erratic? Quantify

PRELIMINARY

M 87 - MWL lightcurve

Instruments

H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, Fermi, Chandra, HST, LT, VLBA, MOJAVE, VLA, EVN

11

PRELIMINARY

RADIO OPTICAL X-RAY HE VHE

12

PRELIMINARY

HST-1 Core Core & HST-1 M 87 - MWL lightcurve

Instruments

H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, Fermi, Chandra, HST, LT, VLBA, MOJAVE, VLA, EVN

Components

Core HST-1

Core & HST-1 Core Core HST-1 Core / HST-1

Chandra HST

Madrid et al. 2007

13

VHE vs radio core

PRELIMINARY

14

PRELIMINARY

VHE vs X-ray

Poster by D. Harris et al.

15

VHE vs HE/O/...

Fermi

Steady source (marginal variable?)

HST / LT

HST-1 flare 2005 LT: no strong activity in 2010

Radio HST-1

HST-1 flare 2005

PRELIMINARY

Optical polarimetry

16

PRELIMINARY

Poster by E. Perlmann et al.

Conclusions

17

M 87

Nearby (16 Mpc) VHE radio galaxy with massive SMBH Short-term VHE variability ~1 day

2010 campaign

VHE monitoring by MAGIC & VERITAS (ToO: H.E.S.S., Chandra, VLBA) VHE flare detected td < 1 day (excellent sampling) NO rise in the 43 GHz radio core emission Enhanced X-ray core emission (Chandra)

Origin of the VHE emission?

No unique solution? 2005: HST-1? 2008: Core? 2010: ? .. but X-ray core (2008/10)

Full paper in preparation

Thank you for you attention!

The H.E.S.S. Collaboration: A. Abramowski, F. Acero, F. Aharonian, A.G. Akhper- janian, G. Anton, A. Balzer, A. Barnacka, U. Barres de Almeida, A.R. Bazer- Bachi, Y. Becherini, J. Becker, B. Behera, K. Bernl ̈ohr, A. Bochow, C. Boisson, J. Bolmont, P. Bordas, V. Borrel, J. Brucker, F. Brun, P. Brun, T. Bulik, I. Bu ̈sching,

• S. Carrigan, S. Casanova, M. Cerruti, P.M. Chadwick, A. Charbonnier, R.C.G. Chaves, A. Cheesebrough, L.-M. Chounet, A.C. Clapson, G. Coignet, J. Conrad, M.

Dalton, M.K. Daniel, I.D. Davids, B. Degrange, C. Deil, H.J. Dickinson, A. Djannati-Ata ̈ı, W. Domainko, L.OʼC. Drury, F. Dubois, G. Dubus, J. Dyks, M. Dyrda, K. Egberts, P. Eger, P. Espigat, L. Fallon, C. Farnier, S. Fegan, F. Feinstein, M.V. Fernandes, A. Fiasson, G. Fontaine, A. F ̈orster, M. Fu ̈ßling, Y.A. Gallant, H. Gast,

• L. G ́erard, D. Gerbig, B. Giebels, J.F. Glicenstein, B. Glu ̈ck, P. Goret, D. G ̈oring, S. H ̈affner, J.D. Hague, D. Hampf, M. Hauser, S. Heinz, G. Heinzelmann, G.

Henri, G. Hermann, J.A. Hinton, A. Hoffmann, W. Hofmann, P. Hofver- berg, M. Holler, D. Horns, A. Jacholkowska, O.C. de Jager, C. Jahn, M. Jamrozy, I. Jung, M.A. Kastendieck, K. Katarzyn ́ski, U. Katz, S. Kaufmann, D. Keogh, D. Khangulyan, B. Kh ́elifi, D. Klochkov, W. Klu ́zniak, T. Kneiske, Nu. Komin, K. Kosack, R. Kossakowski, H. Laffon, G. Lamanna, D. Lennarz, T. Lohse, A. Lopatin, C.-C. Lu, V. Marandon, A. Marcowith, J. Masbou, D. Maurin, N. Maxted, T.J.L. McComb, M.C. Medina, J. M ́ehault, N. Nguyen, R. Moderski, E. Moulin, C.L. Naumann, M. Naumann-Godo, M. de Naurois, D. Nedbal, D. Nekrassov, B. Nicholas, J. Niemiec, S.J. Nolan, S. Ohm, J-F. Olive, E. de O na Wilhelmi, B. Opitz, M. Ostrowski, M. Panter, M. Paz Arribas, G. Pedaletti, G. Pelletier, P.-O. Petrucci, S. Pita,

• G. Pu ̈hlhofer, M. Punch, A. Quirrenbach, M. Raue, S.M. Rayner, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, R. de los Reyes, F. Rieger, J. Ripken, L. Rob, S. Rosier-Lees,
• G. Rowell, B. Rudak, C.B. Rulten, J. Ruppel, F. Ryde, V. Sahakian, A. Santangelo, R. Schlickeiser, F.M. Sch ̈ock, A. Schulz, U. Schwanke, S. Schwarzburg, S.

Schwemmer,M.Sikora,J.L.Skilton,H.Sol,G.Spengler,L.Stawarz,R.Steenkamp,C. Stegmann, F. Stinzing, K. Stycz, I. Sushch, A. Szostek, J.-P. Tavernet, R. Terrier,

• O. Ti- bolla, M. Tluczykont, K. Valerius, C. van Eldik, G. Vasileiadis, C. Venter, J.P. Vialle, A. Viana, P. Vincent, M. Vivier, H.J. V ̈olk, F. Volpe, S. Vorobiov, M.

Vorster, S.J. Wagner, M. Ward, A. Wierzcholska, M. Zacharias, A. Zajczyk, A.A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, H.-S. Zech- lin, The MAGIC Collaboration: J. Aleksi ́c, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, J. A. Bar- rio, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzalez, W. Bednarek, A. Berdyugin, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, O. Blanch, R. K. Bock, A. Boller, G. Bonnoli, D. Borla Tridon, I. Braun, T. Bretz, A. Ca nellas, E. Carmona, A. Carosi, P. Colin, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, L. Cossio, S. Covino, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, E. De Cea del Pozo, B. De Lotto, C. Delgado Mendez, A. Diago Ortega, M. Doert, A. Dom ́ınguez, D. Dominis Prester, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, D. Ferenc, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, C. Fruck, R. J. Garc ́ıa L ́opez, M. Garczarczyk,

• D. Garrido, G. Giavitto, N. Godinovi ́c, D. Hadasch, D. H ̈afner, A. Herrero, D. Hildebrand, D. H ̈ohne-M ̈onch, J. Hose, D. Hrupec, B. Huber, T. Jogler, S. Klepser,
• T. Kr ̈ahenbu ̈hl, J. Krause, A. La Barbera, D. Lelas, E. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, M. L ́opez, E. Lorenz, M. Makariev, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K.

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• J. Pochon, F. Prada, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, I. Puljak, I. Reichardt, R. Reinthal, W. Rhode, M. Rib ́o, J. Rico, S. Ru ̈gamer, A. Saggion, K. Saito, T. Y.

Saito, M. Salvati, K. Satalecka, V. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, C. Schultz, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, S. N. Shore, A. Sillanp ̈a ̈a, J. Sitarek, D. Sobczynska, F. Spanier, S. Spiro, A. Stamerra, B. Steinke, J. Storz, N. Strah, T. Suri ́c, L. Takalo, H. Takami, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzi ́c, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, M. Thom, O. Tibolla, D. F. Torres, A. Treves, H. Vankov, P. Vogler, R. M. Wagner, Q. Weitzel, V. Zabalza, F. Zandanel, R. Zanin, The VERITAS Collaboration: V. A. Acciari, T. Arlen, T. Aune, M. Beilicke, W. Benbow, D. Boltuch, S. M. Bradbury, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, K. Byrum, A. Cannon,

• A. Cesarini, J. L. Christiansen, L. Ciupik, W. Cui, R. Dickherber, C. Duke, J. P. Finley, G. Finnegan, A. Furniss, N. Galante, S. Godambe, J. Grube, R. Guenette,
• G. Gyuk, D. Hanna, J. Holder, C. M. Hui, T. B. Humensky, A. Imran, P. Kaaret, N. Karlsson, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, A. Konopelko, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich,
• G. Maier, S. McArthur, A. McCann, M. McCutcheon, P. Moriarty, R. A. Ong, A. N. Otte, D. Pandel, J. S. Perkins, M. Pohl, J. Quinn, K. Ragan, L. C. Reyes, P. T.

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• B. Zitzer,

and C. Casadio, C.C. Cheung, W. McConville, A. Doi, G. Giovannini, M. Giroletti, K. Hada, D. Harris, M. Kino, N.P. Lee, J. Madrid, F. Massaro, C. G. Mundell, H. Nagai, I. A. Steele, C. Walker, D.L. Wood, J.P. Lenain

18

Backup slides

19

VHE flares: 2010 vs 2008

20

Quantify

Calculate χ2 / d.o.f. for 2008 flare for best fit function from 2010 (~10 days window)

PRELIMINARY