Water Management and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Omdiyar Fund - - PDF document

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Water Management and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Omdiyar Fund

• Disaster Management and Water Management

Overview

• Disaster Management and Water Management
• Comparison of Water and Disaster Management

at Community Level

• Earthquakes & Impact on Groundwater on Small

Coral Islands

• [Ch] Trends of Aid in Post- disaster Environments

[Ch] Trends of Aid in Post disaster Environments

• [Op] SurfAid Model and Role of Philanthropy for

Tapping Funds

• Lesson Learnt

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SurfAid International

• Vision is to improve the health, well-being, and

self-reliance of people living in isolated regions.

• Mission is to … develop and synthesize a series
• f proven, high impact, and cost effective

approaches that create lasting improvements approaches that create lasting improvements … in the health and wellbeing …. of individuals and communities at … increasing scale.

Program focus

• Health
• Water and sanitation
• Water and sanitation
• Emergency Preparedness
• Emergency Recovery
• Psycho- Social Support

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West Sumatra Islands Basin

• Joined the HELP UNESCO River Basin Network

during the third call in 2008

• The Basin is at early stage in development
• Stakeholder participation is ongoing at the village

and local government levels

• Strives to become a leader in the global network

with a focus on

– ‘water, health and emergencies.’

Site locations

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History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra

Sept 30, 09 7.9 Quake Sept 12 &13, 07 8.4 and 7.9 Quakes

Part 1: Disaster Part 1: Disaster Management and Water Management and Water Management Management

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Disaster Risk Management Cycle Disaster Risk

• Risk arises

when hazards when hazards interact with vulnerabilities & resilience

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Hydro Meteorological Risk y g

• Weather-related hazards accounted for
• ver 76% of natural disasters over the

last two decades.

• Climate change is highly likely to

increase the frequency and severity of weather-related hazards

Disasters Reported

Time trend of reported 195/ year 365/ year Time trend of reported natural disasters, 1975– 2008

Source: Disaster Risk Reduction policy AusAID 2009.

195/ year

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Comparisons between DRR & Comparisons between DRR & IWRM IWRM Comparison of community based DRR & IWRM

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History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra

Pagai, Mentawai Sept 12 &13, 2007 8.4 and 7.9 Quakes

A prepared community

• The earthquakes

destroyed 50 per cent of

Padang, W Sumatra

destroyed 50 per cent of the small village and more than 60 houses

• There were no casualties

from about 150 families and a population of 625

Silabu, North Pagai Sept 12 &13, 2007 8.4 and 7.9 Quakes

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Prepared communities in Mentawai

SurfAid & communities emergency preparedness activities

• erected signposts pointing

to an evacuation site.

• Children participated in

earthquake simulation drills at school

• families prepared
• families prepared

emergency bags with essential documents and emergency items.

Cost effectiveness

• World Bank and IFRC have found that

for each dollar invested in disaster risk reduction, two to ten dollars are saved in avoided or reduced disaster response in avoided or reduced disaster response and recovery costs.

• Being prepared saves lives

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History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra

Earthquake Impacts on Earthquake Impacts on Earthquake Impacts on Earthquake Impacts on ground water of Nias Islands ground water of Nias Islands

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Earthquakes and Groundwater

• Seismic waves have two main types of effects on

groundwater levels: oscillations, and "permanent"

• ffsets
• Wells may exhibit seismic oscillations from for any

earthquakes of M7 occurring within a distance of earthquakes of M7 occurring within a distance of 3000-4000 km

• Wells that exhibit "long-term" offsets tend to do so

for larger, nearer earthquakes

Raised Reef

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Raised Reef 2

Post Earthquake dry well - Hinako Islands

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Post Disaster Nias

• Massive structural damage to natural and man

made environments made environments

• Massive influx of humanitarian aid
• Nias in 2010 has on undergone massive

reconstruction with roads and health infrastructure ‘built back better’ but M j it f th f h b i f t t

• Majority of the focus has been on infrastructure

and short term sectoral programs and

• many basic needs of remote communities

remains unmet

Trends in Aid

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Challenges in post disaster Challenges in post disaster envrons envrons

S stainabilit of short sectoral foc sed

• Sustainability of short sectoral focused

programs

• Bringing the interventions to scale
• Continuing funds streams after post

disaster period disaster period

Object 2 of Malaysia HELP Symposium

• aims to identify business opportunities

for water sector to integrate into an expanding environmental services industry

• A model of successful engagement of

private sector to support environmental services in post disaster environments

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Op 1: Tapping Philanthropy

Finding a niche & opening the tap Finding a niche & opening the tap Finding a niche & opening the tap Finding a niche & opening the tap

SurfAid International

• Started in 2000 with a vision to be the Surf

Industry’s “vehicle of choice for humanitarian response”

• Recognized a gap and sought to become

the conscience for the industry the conscience for the industry

• In 2010 we celebrate 10 years
• to improve the health, well-being, and self-

reliance of people living in isolated regions

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SurfAid experience in Nias

• In post disaster Nias worked with UNICEF to

build 100 latrines and water facilitates build 100 latrines and water facilitates

• Between 2008 - 2009 massive withdraw of aid
• rganization from Nias
• Yet many inaccessible communities remained

with need for improved access to sanitation or drinking water

• Committed funds were withdrawn
• SurfAid long term commitment to the Area and

the people

Commitment, Concepts & connections Commitment, Concepts & connections,

Field National Collaboration and feedback Social Social Entrepreneurial Entrepreneurial Spirit Spirit International

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Donor Cluster for water in post disaster environment

• Funded by Omidyar Network
• Funds to delivery of 64 improved water and
• Funds to delivery of 64 improved water and

sanitation facilities (21 latrines)

• Opportunity to join HELP UNESCO
• Opportunity to shift community focus from dole
• ut to self empowerment
• Opportunity to focus on behavior change and

Opportunity to focus on behavior change and build foundation for sustainable outcomes

Latrines built

Donor Target = 21 Latrines Community Target = 337 latrines Current total = 257 Latrines

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Lessons Learnt

and Opportunities

• 1. DRR can and should be

Integrated in WM

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WatSan in post disaster environments

• Reduces human suffering
• Improves environmental
• Improves environmental

quality

• Should be seen and used as

an entry point for more holistic water management

• ‘Build back better’ - not just

physically but socially physically but socially, economically and environmentally.

• Believe in the

entrepreneurial spirit of communities

Potential to integrate business sector

• 1. Local Catalysts

Tapping Philanthropy Corporate Engagement

Source: Driving innovation from the base of the Pyramid, S Hart

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‘There remains a lack of understanding

• f the intrinsic links between disaster

risk reduction and the broader water

‘Only by investing in tangible [disaster] risk reduction measures can we

risk reduction and the broader water agenda’

World Water Development Report

risk reduction measures can we reduce vulnerability and protect development gains’

Ban Ki Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, 2008