2019 NW Iowa Research Farm and On-Farm Project Results 2020 Crop - - PDF document

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2019 NW Iowa Research Farm and On-Farm Project Results

2020 Crop Advantage Series

Joel DeJong, ISU Extension Field Agronomist Andrew Weaver, On-farm coordinator, NW Research Farm Landon Lenhart, Ag Specialist/Water Quality, NW Research Farm http://farms.ag.iastate.edu/content/northwest-research-and- demonstration-farm

NW Research Farm(s)

• Owned by the Northwest Iowa Experimental

Association that was formed in the 1950’s.

• 280 acres in O’Brien County
• 55 acres in Lyon County
• Board meets annually to discuss farm

progress, research, and future outlook.

• 2019
• conducted 38 research projects
• conducted 35 on farm projects
• held 10 field days with over 1471 visitors

Expected nitrate reduction: about 40% Expected lifespan of woodchips: 15 – 20 years Costs?

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NWRF Drainage NERF Drainage COBS SERF Drainage

Replicated subsurface drainage plots to evaluate performance of various in-field management practices

Gilmore City DRF

Subsurface Drainage Layout – Established 2013 (32 Individually Drained Plots)

Flow Monitoring System Treatments

Treatment Number Tillage Nitrogen Application Time Nitrogen Application Rate (lb N/acre)* 1 Conventional tillage* Fall (anhydrous ammonia with nitrapyrin)** 135 2 Conventional tillage Spring (anhydrous ammonia) 135 3 Conventional tillage Split with variable N at sidedress (40 lb/acre of urea 2x2 starter at planting plus in-season agrotain treated urea) 135 4 Conventional tillage None * Fall chisel corn stalks with spring disk/field cultivate, and spring disk/field cultivate soybean stubble. **In fall of 2014 freezing conditions occurred early and prevented fall application. Application occurred in early spring 2015.

Corn Yield

*Means with the same letter in the same year are not significantly different, P=0.05.

2015 Fall N Spring N Split N No N Corn Yield (bu/acre)

50 100 150 200 250

2016 Fall N Spring N Split N No N Corn Yield (bu/acre)

50 100 150 200 250

a a a b a a a b Fall N Spring N Split N No N Corn Yield (bu/acre)

50 100 150 200 250

a a b c 2017 Fall N Spring N Split N No N Corn Yield (bu/acre)

50 100 150 200 250

a a a b 2018

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Soybean Yield

*Means with the same letter in the same year are not significantly different, P=0.05.

2015 F a l l N S p r i n g N S p l i t N N

• N

Soybean Yield (bu/acre)

20 40 60 80 2016 F a l l N S p r i n g N S p l i t N N

• N

Soybean Yield (bu/acre)

20 40 60 80

2016 F a l l N S p r i n g N S p l i t N N

• N

Soybean Yield (bu/acre)

20 40 60 80

2017 F a l l N S p r i n g N S p l i t N N

• N

Soybean Yield (bu/acre)

20 40 60 80

2018

Flow-weighted Nitrate-N Concentration

*Means with the same letter in the same year are not significantly different, P=0.05. Analyzed across corn and soybean phase F a l l N S p r i n g N S p l i t N N

• N

Flow-weighted Nitrate-N Conc. (mg/L)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Corn Phase - 2015-2018

a ab dc de Fall N Spring N Split N No N

Flow-weighted Nitrate-N Conc. (mg/L)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Soybean Phase - 2015-2018

bc ab dc e

Yield from 2018 White Mold Soybean Fungicide Trial.

County/ Row space Trial Treatment Yield (Bu/ac.)

Sioux 30”, s/c 1 Endura 2X Aproach Prima 2X Endura f/b Aproach Prima Control 80.9 80.3 81.9 69.6 NOTES: * Long white mold history on this field

• All applied at 8 oz/a
• First treatment at R-1, second 8 days later.

1. Available on line the 6 page full color publication CPN 5001, “Pesticide Impact on White Mold and Soybean Yield”

https://cropprotectionnetwork.org/

White mold reference

• Sporecaster

Sporebuster

Apps for White Mold

White mold in 2019? I could use your help. Location, date of planting, variety or maturity of bean.

Rootworm Trait Trial, 2019.

Treatment Yield (Bu/ac.)

NK 1284-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-5222 (SmartStax) NK 1284-3000 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-3000 (VT3) NK 1284-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-GT (Conventional) 181.3 171.5 184.0 177.1 184.5 170.3 Treatment Root Rating NK 1284-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-5222 (SmartStax) NK 1284-3000 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-3000 (VT3) NK 1284-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row NK 1284-GT (Conventional) 0.10 0.36 0.12 0.52 0.26 0.83

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Rootworm Trait Trial, 2018.

Treatment Yield (Bu/ac.)

Agrisure N85-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-5222 (Smartstax) Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) 189.2 184.5 203.5 188.4 200.4 166.6 Treatment Root Rating Agrisure N85-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-5222 (Smartstax) Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) 0 .17 0.60 0.15 0.68 0.28 1.13

Rootworm Trait Trial, 2017.

Treatment Yield (Bu/ac.) P-value

Agrisure N85-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-5222 (Smartstax) Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) 200 ab 189 b 212 a 192 b 190 b 140 c <0.01 Treatment Root Rating P-value Agrisure N85-5222 (SmartStax) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-5222 (Smartstax) Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-3111 (VT3) Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) with Force 3G T-band at 4 oz/1,000 feet of row Agrisure N85-GT (Conventional) 0.4 d 1.3 bc 0.6 cd 1.7 ab 0.8 cd 2.2 a <0.01

Lyon County Corn Rootworm Insecticide Trials 2019, 2018, 2017 Corn/Corn, 22” row spacing. Quad stack hybrids.

2018 Aztec HC at 0.8 oz/1000 ft of row No rootworm insecticide 220.1 220.1 2017 Aztec HC at 0.6 oz/1000 No rootworm insecticide 237 a 231 b 0.04 2017 Aztec HC at 0.6 oz/1000 No rootworm insecticide 217 a 215 a 0.21 Year Treatment Yield (Bu/ac.) P- value 2019 Aztec HC at 1.6 oz/1000 ft of row No rootworm insecticide 176.6 172.4

Corn Row Spacing Research NW Research Farm 2019

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Two Wyffels hybrids

“In 2019, this was the most consistent and higher advantage of 20-inch rows compared to trials from 2015-2019. “, Mark Licht, NWRF Annual Report.

Corn Row Spacing Research NW Research Farm 2019

24

Two Pioneer hybrids

1/7/2020 5 Corn Row Spacing Research NW Research Farm 2019

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Two DeKalb hybrids

Soybean Row Spacing Research NW Research Farm 2019

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Two Corteva Varieties

Soybean Row Spacing Research NW Research Farm 2019

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Two Bayer Varieties

2017 Soybean Row Spacing Trial

• Lyon County, Strip-till, planted 5/10, 140K, following

corn, 3 reps.

• 30” rows averaged 66 bu/acre
• 15” rows averaged 61.7 bu/acre
• NOTE: Significant white mold in this plot

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Soybean row spacing trials – ’08 – ‘14

• 14 trials 15” v. 30”

– 15” average = 60.64 bu/a – 30” average = 58.24 bu/a

• 5 of 14 showed at least a 3+ bu/a increase with narrow

rows.

• 8 trials 18” v. 36”

– 18” average = 59.99 bu/a – 36” average = 55.61 bu/a

• 5 of 8 showed at least a 3+ bu/a increase with narrow

rows.

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2019 Soybean Population Trials

• Sioux County, no-till, planted 5/14/19. 30” rows

90K = 61.2 bu/a 110K = 60.9 bu/a 125K = 61.1 bu/a 140K = 61.6 bu/a

• Lyon County, no-till, planted 4/26/19, 30” rows, 1.7 bean

100K = 70.6 bu/a 125K = 71.8 bu/a 165K = 71.6 bu/a

• Lyon County, no-till, planted 4/26/19, 30” rows, 2.4 bean

100K = 66.3 bu/a 125K = 66.3 bu/a 165K = 69.2 bu/a

• Lyon County, no-till, planted 5/16/19, 30” rows, 1.7 bean

100K = 73.2 bu/a 125K = 73.4 bu/a 165K = 73.3 bu/a

• Lyon County, no-till, planted 5/16/19, 30” rows, 2.4 bean

100K = 67.9 bu/a 125K = 69.4 bu/a 165K = 70.1 bu/a

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At $60/bag, 140K seeds/bag, 20,000 seeds cost $8.57.

1/7/2020 6 Soybean Plant Population Trials

39 trials through 2018 125K average = 58.1 bu/a 175K = 58.4 bu/a

One was statistically different at 3.3 bu/acre

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2019 Soybean Date of Planting Trials

• Sioux County, no-till, planted 4/24 & 6/1, 140K,

following corn, 4 reps.

– 4/24 planting date averaged 73.2 bu/a – 6/01 planting date averaged 66.7 bu/a

• Lyon County, no-till, ave. of 3 populations:

– 4/26 planting date, 1.7 variety, averaged 71.3 bu/a – 5/16 planting date, 1.7 variety, averaged 73.3 bu/a – 4/26 planting date, 2.4 variety, averaged 67.3 bu/a – 5/16 planting date, 2.4 variety, averaged 69.1 bu/a

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Sioux County Date of Planting Trials before 2019

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2019 statewide fungicide trials

NWRF SWRF SERF NERF NRF CRF Product floz/A Company V12 R1 R3 No spray TrivaPro 13.7 Syngenta X X Miravis Neo 13.7 Syngenta X X X Veltyma 8 BASF X X X Quilt Xcel 10.5 Syngenta X X Headline Amp 10 BASF X Lucento 5 FMC X X VJR90-R002 9 FMC X X TopGuardEQ 5 FMC X USF0411 8 Bayer X

V12 = mid July; R1 = end July; R3 = mid Aug

Effect of fungicides on disease - 2019

Predominant disease at R5 = Gray leaf spot Low severity : ~0.1 % CRF and NRF to ~14% SWRF Applications at V12 and R1 reduced disease more than at R3 No differences among products

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Effect of fungicides on yield response - 2019

SWRF SERF CRF NWRF NRF NERF* Mean V12

17.2

• 1.1

8.5

• 1.3
• 0.1

7.9

5.3 R1

18.2 3.9 11.4 2.3 6.0 9.8

8.6 R3

19.6 8.1 11.8 2.8 1.6 10.4

9.0 Mean 18.3 3.2 10.6 1.4 3.4 8.8 7.7

*Significant

differences in yield

Summary

• 1. The rollercoaster weather of 2019 favored disease, but never

persisted long enough to favor establishment of disease …. apart from crown rot.

• 2. RH>90% and 77-86F favor GLS
• 3. Fungicide applications at V8 may reduce Physoderma
• 4. Applications of fungicide at V12 and R1 reduced disease better than

applications at R3.

• 5. Yield responses were better with fungicide applications at R1 and R3

versus V12.

Product (rate oz/A) Timing

V5- V6 V12 R1

Aproach Prima (6.8 oz) X Delaro (4.0 oz; 8.0 oz) X X X Miravis Neo (13.7 oz) X X Priaxor (4.0 oz) X X BASF 75106 (7.0 oz) X Topguard EQ (5.0 oz) X X Trivapro (13.7 oz) X

2018 Products and timings evaluated

Effect of timing on yield response

Treatments V5 V12 R1 Miravis Neo BASF 75106 Miravis Neo

Yield from 2019 NW Iowa Corn Fungicide Trials.

2018 Ave = 7.6 bu/a increase

County Previous Crop Treatment Yield (Bu/ac) P-value O’Brien Soybean Quilt Xcel at 10.5 oz/ac at R2 Lucento at 5 oz/ac at VT Control 225 a 221 ab 217 b 0.02 Sioux Oats Aproach prima at 6 oz/ac at V11 in the morning (76 degree air temperature) Aproach prima at 6 oz/ac at V11 in the afternoon (86 degree air temperature) Control 192 a 194 a 188 a 0.10 Sioux Soybean Miravis Neo at 13.7 oz/ac at V11 Control 224 a 216 a 0.07

• 8
• 6
• 4
• 2

2 4 6 8

Corn Fungicide, NW Iowa, V-6 to V-8 stage, 2010 - 2016

Treated minus Untreated, Bu/A N = 30

• AVE. = 0.53 bu/a

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• 5

5 10 15 20 25

Corn Fungicide, NW Iowa, Ground Application, 2008 - 2018

Treated minus Untreated, Bu/A N = 49

Average = 6.17 bu/a

• To find results from additional trials,

check this web site:

– http://farms.ag.iastate.edu/farms **But – full results won’t be available in a printed form until February, I think.

There is more!!!

Joel DeJong, ISUEO Field Agronomist Plymouth Co. Extension Office jldejong@iastate.edu 712-546-7835 @joel_dejong

Thank you.

What questions do you have for us?