Altruistic behavior and social signaling: a study of an extreme - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Altruistic behavior and social signaling: a study of an extreme example DIG Seminar De Caro (XVIIth), Sansom Destroying the https://www.shareicon.net House of Philistines ; from wikigallery.org Intern: Julien Panis-Lie Internship director:
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https://www.shareicon.net
De Caro (XVIIth), Sansom Destroying the House of Philistines; from wikigallery.org
Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory Internship: altruistic suicide Preliminary results and two-tier model Perspectives
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Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory Internship: altruistic suicide Preliminary results and two-tier model Perspectives
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Images extracted from https://www.shareicon.net
Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory
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Internship: altruistic suicide Perspectives Preliminary results and two-tier model
Audience Individual (sender)
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Audience Individual (sender)
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Profile: first moderator by alphabetical order
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Profile: first moderator by alphabetical order
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Profile: first moderator by alphabetical order
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Profile: first moderator by alphabetical order
Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory
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Internship: altruistic suicide Perspectives Preliminary results and two-tier model
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Definition Results in death Voluntary behavior For the sake of a group
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Definition Results in death Voluntary behavior For the sake of a group
De Caro (XVIIth), Sansom Destroying the House of Philistines; from wikigallery.org Advertising poster for the movie 300; from imdb.com Flag of Imperial Japan; from wikipedia.org
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Definition Context Results in death Voluntary behavior For the sake of a group For diverse groups Recurrent in history
Advertising poster for the movie 300; from imdb.com
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Definition “Martyrs” are often revered Context Outcome Results in death Voluntary behavior For the sake of a group For diverse groups Recurrent in history Seems tied to intergroup conflict This may benefit their family Whitehouse (2018) Durkheim (1897) Blackwell (2008)
Advertising poster for the movie 300; from imdb.com
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Audience Individual (sender)
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Audience Individual (sender)
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Hypotheses Altruistic suicide may emerge as a signal of one’s patriotism Conjecture Social status is in part heritable (Service, 1971) During intergroup conflict “martyrs” are revered
Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory
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Internship: altruistic suicide Perspectives Preliminary results and two-tier model
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Gene: propensity to self-sacrifice
Hypotheses Altruistic suicide may emerge as a signal of one’s patriotism Conjecture Social status is in part heritable (Service, 1971) During intergroup conflict “martyrs” are revered Admiration parameter Admiration for a “hero” spills
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Gene: propensity to self-sacrifice
Hypotheses Altruistic suicide may emerge as a signal of one’s patriotism Conjecture Social status is in part heritable (Service, 1971) During intergroup conflict “martyrs” are revered Admiration parameter Admiration for a “hero” spills
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Gene: propensity to self-sacrifice
Hypotheses Altruistic suicide may emerge as a signal of one’s patriotism Conjecture Social status is in part heritable (Service, 1971) During intergroup conflict “martyrs” are revered Admiration parameter Admiration for a “hero” spills
27 Images taken from https://clipartxtras.com
Hypotheses Possible social signals Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal by friends
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28 Images taken from https://clipartxtras.com
Hypotheses Possible social signals Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal by friends
Honor martyrs and their children to signal patriotism
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… = hero
29 Images taken from https://clipartxtras.com
Hypotheses Possible social signals Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal by friends
Honor martyrs and their children to signal patriotism
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… = hero 2 = patriot Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’
30 Images taken from https://clipartxtras.com
Hypotheses Possible social signals Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal by friends Honor martyrs and their children to signal patriotism Self-sacrifice as first-order signal
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… = hero 2 = patriot Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ During intergroup conflict, honoring and self-sacrifice may co-emerge, notably depending on expected cost of betrayal Conjecture
Hypotheses Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ Parameter
Gene1: Self-Sacrifice Gene2a: Patriot Gene3: Demand
Proportion t/2, cost DC Cap MO Possible social signals Altruistic suicide Honoring martyrs and their kin
Gene2b: Non-Patriot
Hypotheses Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ Parameter
Gene1: Self-Sacrifice Gene2a: Patriot Gene3: Demand
Proportion t/2, cost DC Cap MO Possible social signals Altruistic suicide Honoring martyrs and their kin
Gene2b: Non-Patriot
Hypotheses Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ Parameter
Gene1: Self-Sacrifice Gene2a: Patriot Gene3: Demand
Proportion t/2, cost DC Cap MO Possible social signals Altruistic suicide Honoring martyrs and their kin
Gene2b: Non-Patriot
Hypotheses Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ Parameter
Gene1: Self-Sacrifice Gene2a: Patriot Gene3: Demand
Proportion t/2, cost DC Cap MO Possible social signals Altruistic suicide Honoring martyrs and their kin
Gene2b: Non-Patriot
t = 25% t = 75%
Hypotheses Intergroup conflict: risk of betrayal Honoring is capped for potential ‘traitors’ Parameter
Gene1: Self-Sacrifice Gene2a: Patriot Gene3: Demand
Proportion t/2, cost DC Cap MO Possible social signals Altruistic suicide Honoring martyrs and their kin
Gene2b: Non-Patriot
Altruism (online): a theoretical puzzle Framework: costly signal theory
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Internship: altruistic suicide Perspectives Preliminary results and two-tier model
Generalized signaling; radicalization? Social Benefits Posthumous glory Prediction First-order signal A small fraction of “martyrs” emerges Friendship Second-
signal Both levels are mutually reinforcing
Generalized signaling, at a low intensity Social Benefits Asymmetrical, global bonds Prediction First-order signal An elite emerges, visible + intense signals Symmetrical, local bonds Second-
signal Both levels are mutually reinforcing
Generalized signaling, at a low intensity Social Benefits Asymmetrical, global bonds Prediction First-order signal An elite emerges, visible + intense signals Symmetrical, local bonds Second-
signal Both levels are mutually reinforcing
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Legend
Blackwell, A. D. (2008). Middle-class martyrs: Modeling the inclusive fitness outcomes of Palestinian suicide attack. PhD Thesis. Dessalles, J.-L. (2014). Optimal investment in social signals. Evolution, 68 (6), 1640-1650. Durkheim, E. (1897/2007). Le suicide: étude de sociologie. Paris: Presses universitaires de France. (OCLC: 611895470) Grafen, A. (1990). Biological signals as handicaps. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 144(4), 517‑546. Hardin, G. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science, 162 (3859), 1243-1248. Spence, M. (1974). Competitive and optimal responses to signals: An analysis of efficiency and distribution. Journal of Economic theory, 7(3), 296-332. Veblen, T. (1899). The theory of the leisure class. Macmillan. Zahavi, A. (1975). Mate selection—A selection for a handicap. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 53(1), 205‑214.
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