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Alleviating Deprivation and Ensuring Social Protection for All: Challenges and Areas of Concern Amitabh Kundu Research Information System for Developing Countries National Consultation on SDG I Organised by NITI Aayog, RIS and UN March 14,

SLIDE 1

Alleviating Deprivation and Ensuring Social Protection for All: Challenges and Areas of Concern

Amitabh Kundu Research Information System for Developing Countries

National Consultation on SDG I Organised by NITI Aayog, RIS and UN

March 14, 2018

SLIDE 2

Target and Achievement in Livelihood Related MDG

Trends observed also for safe drinking water, slum improvement and gender disparity in primary and secondary education implying

SLIDE 3

Graph 2: Target and Achievement in Health, High Education and Other MDG

Common trends observed in case of 17 out of 21 MDG targets showing under achievement

SLIDE 4

SLIDE 5

SLIDE 6

SLIDE 7

Socio-Religious Group wise Absolute Difference in Average MPCE (MRP): Rural 2004-05 to 2011-12

7 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 Hindu ST Hindu SC Hindu OBC Hindu Others All Hindu Muslim OBC Muslim Others All Muslim Other religion All Religion Difference (in Rupees)

SLIDE 8

Absolute Difference in average MPCE (MRP) at Constant Price (1987-88): Other Urban Centers 2004-05 to 2011-12

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 Hind u ST Hind u SC Hind u OBC Hind u Othe rs All Hind u Musli m OBC Musli m Othe rs All Musli m Othe r religi

All Relig ion Difference (in Rupees)

SLIDE 9

Absolute Difference in average MPCE (MRP) at Constant Prices (1987-88): Urban Million Plus Cities 2004-05 to 2011-12

9 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 Hindu ST Hindu SC Hindu OBC Hindu Other s All Hindu Musli m OBC Musli m Other s All Musli m Other religio n All Religi

Difference (in Rupees)

SLIDE 10

10 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Rural Urban

Hindu ST Hindu SC Hindu OBC Hindu Others Muslim OBC Muslim Others Other Religions

Age Graphs by Sector Percentage of Male in the 5-24 age attending Educational Institutions-61st Round(2004-05)

SLIDE 11

11 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Rural Urban

Hindu ST Hindu SC Hindu OBC Hindu Others Muslim OBC Muslim Others Other Religions

Age Graphs by Sector Percentage of Female in the 5-24 age attending Educational Institutions-61st Round(2004-05)

SLIDE 12

COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013 12

Percentage of Women in 5-24 Age Group Attending Educational Institutions 2011-12

SLIDE 13

COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013 13

Literacy Levels among People above 5 years of Age 2011-12

SLIDE 14

14 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

Percentage of People Aged 14 Years or More Who Have Completed Secondary Education 2011-12

SLIDE 15

Percentage of Persons Aged 21 years or more Who have Completed Graduation & above 2011-12

2

SLIDE 16

16 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

Attendance in Schools for Children aged 10-14 Years

SLIDE 17

Percentage of Live Births Delivered in a Public Health Facility, NFHS-I to NFHS III

5 10 15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25 Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 % increase NFHS-2 to -3

SLIDE 18

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) by residence, NFHS I to NFHS III

18 COFACE COUNTRY RISK CONFERENCE 2013

35.5 36.1

5 10 15 20 25 30 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC Rural Urban IMR NFHS-1 NFHS-2 NFHS-3 % decline NFHS-1 to -2 % decline NFHS-2 to -3

SLIDE 19

Percentage of Women (15-49 years) with Chronic Nutritional Deficiency (BMI less than 18.5) NFHS II to NFHS III

1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC NFHS-2 NFHS-3 % change NFHS-2 to -3

SLIDE 20

Life Expectancy at Birth (LEB) by Poverty NFHS I and NFHS III

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC Hindu Muslim SC ST OBC UC Poor Non-Poor LEB (years) NFHS-1 NFHS-3 % change NFHS-1 to -3

SLIDE 21

Rural Million plus Cities Total Urban Total Inc. Metro share Inc. urban share Hindu ST

92.2/90.0 1.8/2.5 7.8/10.0 100.0 0.7 2.2

Hindu SC

80.3/78.9 5.4/6.6 19.7/21.1 100.0 1.2 1.4

Hindu OBC

79.6/74.9 3.9/6.0 20.4/25.1 100.0 2.1 4.7

Hin. Other,UCH

61.0/57.2 13.8/16.2 39.0/42.8 100.0 2.4 3.8

Muslims

67.2/64.9 8.1/10.4 32.8/35.1 100.0 2.3 2.3

Other Religions

70.8/65.1 9.1/9.6 29.2/34.9 100.0 0.5 5.7

Total Population

74.7/71.4 6.9/8.6 25.3/28.6 100.0 1.7 3.3

Distribution of Population by Residence across different Socio-Religious Groups in 2004-05 and 2011-12

SLIDE 22

Atal Pension Yojana: Key Features

Anyone aged 18-40 and not a member of any

ther social security scheme

Premium amount depends on Pension and the age of joining Life pension at the age of 60 to self or spouse For pension of Rs 1000 per month, the premium is Rs 42 if joining at age 18, and the lump-sum to be paid to nominee is Rs 1.7 lakh Interest paid is 7.8% during accumulation and

SLIDE 23

Issues for Consideration under APY

Price indexing for premium or pension amt Provision for non-payment of premium The nominee amount can be paid to beneficiary (+ 50 per cent) using average life expectancy Rate of interest can be increased since under several schemes interest rate over 8 per cent is paid to middle & upper class

SLIDE 24

RSBY: Key Features

Biometric card to be issued at Rs 30 to households by insurance companies, Cashless hospitalisation treatment Insurance cover of 30,000 is to be enhanced to Rs 500,000 for poor (yellow card holder) households Government to pay premium of Rs 750 per card Hospitals to get the money from insurance

SLIDE 25

Health Expenditure from 71st Round

Rural Urban Morbidity Rate% Total 8.9 11.8 Non-hospitalisation 8.7 11.5 Treated med advice 96 97 Outdoor treatment % person 8.3 11.12 Exp, non hosp. Rs. per person 569 635 Annual Exp (half monthly x 24) 13656 15240 Actual Exp (X prob treatment) 1133 1695

SLIDE 26

Health Expenditure from 71st Round

Rural Urban Hospitalisation Rate 3.5 4.4 Rate is computed with ref period of 365 days Exp, Medical Rs. per person yearly15,000 24,400 Non Med Exp 2000 2000 Actual Exp Med 525 1073 yearly exp multiply prob. of hospitalisation Household Exp (X HH size): R size 4.9,

SLIDE 27

Alleviating Deprivation and Ensuring Social Protection for All: Challenges and Areas of Concern

Amitabh Kundu Research Information System for Developing Countries

National Consultation on SDG I Organised by NITI Aayog, RIS and UN

March 14, 2018

Target and Achievement in Livelihood Related MDG

Trends observed also for safe drinking water, slum improvement and gender disparity in primary and secondary education implying

Graph 2: Target and Achievement in Health, High Education and Other MDG

Common trends observed in case of 17 out of 21 MDG targets showing under achievement

Socio-Religious Group wise Absolute Difference in Average MPCE (MRP): Rural 2004-05 to 2011-12

Absolute Difference in average MPCE (MRP) at Constant Price (1987-88): Other Urban Centers 2004-05 to 2011-12

Absolute Difference in average MPCE (MRP) at Constant Prices (1987-88): Urban Million Plus Cities 2004-05 to 2011-12

Percentage of Women in 5-24 Age Group Attending Educational Institutions 2011-12

Literacy Levels among People above 5 years of Age 2011-12

Percentage of People Aged 14 Years or More Who Have Completed Secondary Education 2011-12

Percentage of Persons Aged 21 years or more Who have Completed Graduation & above 2011-12

2

Attendance in Schools for Children aged 10-14 Years

Percentage of Live Births Delivered in a Public Health Facility, NFHS-I to NFHS III

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) by residence, NFHS I to NFHS III

Percentage of Women (15-49 years) with Chronic Nutritional Deficiency (BMI less than 18.5) NFHS II to NFHS III

Life Expectancy at Birth (LEB) by Poverty NFHS I and NFHS III

Distribution of Population by Residence across different Socio-Religious Groups in 2004-05 and 2011-12

Atal Pension Yojana: Key Features

Anyone aged 18-40 and not a member of any

Premium amount depends on Pension and the age of joining Life pension at the age of 60 to self or spouse For pension of Rs 1000 per month, the premium is Rs 42 if joining at age 18, and the lump-sum to be paid to nominee is Rs 1.7 lakh Interest paid is 7.8% during accumulation and

Issues for Consideration under APY

Price indexing for premium or pension amt Provision for non-payment of premium The nominee amount can be paid to beneficiary (+ 50 per cent) using average life expectancy Rate of interest can be increased since under several schemes interest rate over 8 per cent is paid to middle & upper class

RSBY: Key Features

Biometric card to be issued at Rs 30 to households by insurance companies, Cashless hospitalisation treatment Insurance cover of 30,000 is to be enhanced to Rs 500,000 for poor (yellow card holder) households Government to pay premium of Rs 750 per card Hospitals to get the money from insurance

Health Expenditure from 71st Round

Rural Urban Morbidity Rate% Total 8.9 11.8 Non-hospitalisation 8.7 11.5 Treated med advice 96 97 Outdoor treatment % person 8.3 11.12 Exp, non hosp. Rs. per person 569 635 Annual Exp (half monthly x 24) 13656 15240 Actual Exp (X prob treatment) 1133 1695

Health Expenditure from 71st Round

Rural Urban Hospitalisation Rate 3.5 4.4 Rate is computed with ref period of 365 days Exp, Medical Rs. per person yearly15,000 24,400 Non Med Exp 2000 2000 Actual Exp Med 525 1073 yearly exp multiply prob. of hospitalisation Household Exp (X HH size): R size 4.9,

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