Canada, NORAD and the Evolution of North American Defence (EvoNAD) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Canada, NORAD and the Evolution of North American Defence (EvoNAD) Dr. James Fergusson CDAI Conference February 22, 2018

Introduction • NORAD 60 th Conference – Winnipeg, May 24 th – http://umanitoba.ca/centres/cdss/conferences/norad60.htm l • EvoNAD – Six component studies in temporal order of priority • Air • Maritime • Cyber • Aerospace • Space • Land – Central assumption • North America is facing a multi-domain threat environment

Short Term • New Command and Control Structure – Shift C 2 f from NORAD Commander to Combined Forces Ai Component Command (CFACC) in CONR • Air Tasking Orders from CFACC • Air Battle Management Regional Commands – CONR, CANR, ANR – Resource Implications • Triple Hatted Command (3Star) CFACC, CONR, 1 st USAF – • Upgrade of CND Deputy (2 Leaf) dual-hatted, deputy CONR • CANR Backup CFACC – Political Image Implications • Subservience to CONR?

Russian Long Range Aviation Flight Paths ENGELS UKRAIN  KA   VORKUTA EAST RYAZAN   TIKSI ANDYR  EIELSO N    INUVIK ELMENDORF  IQALUIT  MAIN BASE GOOSE BAY   GANDER  FORWARD BASE   COMOX  COLD LAKE  DEPLOYED BASE BAGOTVILLE Source: NORAD

Estimated Russian ALCM/SLCM Ranges KH-102 ENGELS UKRAIN  KA   VORKUTA EAST RYAZAN  9600 Km/Nuc  TIKSI 5500 Km/Conv KH-101 ANDYR  EIELSO N    3000km/nuc INUVIK KH-55 ELMENDORF  IQALUIT KALIBR SLC  MAIN BASE GOOSE BAY  2000 km/conv  GANDER  FORWARD BASE   COMOX  COLD LAKE  DEPLOYED BASE BAGOTVILLE

Short to Mid Term • NWS Modernization – Life ends 2025 – Location • NWS line • FOLs – Components • System of systems – Atlantic and Pacific seams • Maritime – No overaching command since SACLANT – Multiple Seams (Atlantic) • RCN – Maritime Exclusive Zone • USNORTHCOM (NAVNORTH) – 500 nautical miles • EUCOM – NATO (Allied Maritime Command) – EUCOM/ACM 1 st line of Defence (archers) – 2 nd Line combined maritime and air defence issue

Mid Term • Cyber? – Integrated NA economy and critical infrastructure – Public-Private Interface • Is this a role for military and NORAD? – US CYBER COMMAND? • Aerospace (sub-orbital) – Hypersonic Delivery Systems (US, Russia, China) • Long range • High Speed (Mach 5 to Mach 10) • Maneuverable – Merger of two domains • Early Warning (NORAD) • Air defence or missile defence mission or both?

Long Term • Space – Future propulsion technologies • Easy transition from air to space • Escaping orbital constraints • Space X and On Orbit Servicing harbinger of future • Weaponization ? • Land – USNORTHCOM DSCA/Canada Aid to Civil Power – Efficient allocation of ltd. Resources and contingency planning • West Coast earthquake – Utility of NORAD operational command structure

Final Thoughts • A multi-domain threat environment dictates a functional multi-domain command structure – Functional logic which led to NORAD replicated for multi- domain threat environment response • Unity of Command and unity of effort • Range of Political and Organizational Barriers – Outcome not inevitable – Gradual evolution over time • The Unknown Variable – US Unified Command Plan (UCP) or both?