Clinical applications of medical image analyses Tomohisa Okada, MD, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
clinical applications of medical image analyses
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Clinical applications of medical image analyses Tomohisa Okada, MD, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 10, 2023 147 likes •646 views

Clinical applications of medical image analyses Tomohisa Okada, MD, PhD Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Kyoto University Hospital The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall,

slide-1
SLIDE 1

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Clinical applications of medical image analyses

Tomohisa Okada, MD, PhD

Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Kyoto University Hospital

slide-2
SLIDE 2

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Aim

facilitate you to find a way in medial image analyses

slide-3
SLIDE 3

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Movements in Medical Imaging

Different Needs in Different Regions Your 5-Minute Shots at ISMRM2012 Google map

このイメージは、現在表示できません。

1 min!

slide-4
SLIDE 4

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

What clinicians need?

Diagnostic HELP!

slide-5
SLIDE 5

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Kyoto Univ Hospital

Out patient clinic

Research MRIs Clinical MRIs

In Patinets Wards Research Bldgs

slide-6
SLIDE 6

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

MRI imaging is flexible

Up to your programing capability!

slide-7
SLIDE 7

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Tetsugaku no Michi (Philosopher's Walk)

slide-8
SLIDE 8

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

CNN: Larry King special

“Unthinkable: the Alzheimer’s Epidemic.”

The disease of the 21st century as an estimated 5.4 million people have been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. It is the sixth-leading cause of death across all ages in the United States, but many Americans still do not know much about this illness.

Source: http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2011/larryking/

slide-9
SLIDE 9

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

slide-10
SLIDE 10

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

FLAIR T2WI

Epilepsy

slide-11
SLIDE 11

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Evidence-based medicine

was proposed in 1992!

How to diagnose?

Objective methods are required!!

slide-12
SLIDE 12

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

FLAIR T2WI

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)

DIR

Morimoto et al., Eur Radiol, 2012

slide-13
SLIDE 13

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

TL Epilepsy：Lt or Rt?

PLoS One 7:e33096 Some correlations in atrophy

SVM analysis for

1) volume & 2) shape (spectrum) at 83 areas (structures) in 28 TLE pts vs.80 normals.

slide-14
SLIDE 14

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

How to get hidden information?

slide-15
SLIDE 15

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Image Processing

Confounding differences in

each individual, image contrast, distortion, artifact, etc. ↓ Brain Normalization: non-linear warping ex. DCT ↓ Extraction of information

slide-16
SLIDE 16

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Anatomical Normalization Talairach Atlas ↓ Segmentation ↓ Smoothing → Statistics

slide-17
SLIDE 17

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

54 subjects (19 – 73 y.o.), P < 0.005

slide-18
SLIDE 18

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

slide-19
SLIDE 19

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Neural Correlates to Fatigue

BMC Neurology 4:14

More sophisticated analyses

↓

Better understanding of illness

slide-20
SLIDE 20

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

http://editthis.info/psy3242/Hippocampus

slide-21
SLIDE 21

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Sensitivity & specificity > 80%

O’Brien et al., 1997

slide-22
SLIDE 22

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Thompson PM et al., 2003, JNS 23:994

slide-23
SLIDE 23

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

A 36 y.o. female with family history of AD.

Fox et al., 2001

slide-24
SLIDE 24

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

ADNI: Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

AD(red):164, Norm(blue):203, Norm->AD(Cyan):2. Radiology 2011, 259: 834 Hippocampus Entorhinal

http://inunekomonogatari.seesaa .net/category/4768766-1.html
slide-25
SLIDE 25

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Volumetry in clinical practice!

Matsuda et al., AJNR 2012

Sensitivity of AD 91.6 - 98.2% Atrophic areas in epileptic pt.

Stand alone PC analysis in 10 min

FDG-PET

slide-26
SLIDE 26

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Gion Shirakawa

slide-27
SLIDE 27

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Functional MRI (fMRI)

2011

slide-28
SLIDE 28

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Modeling in functional MRI

Task Task Control Control Control 30 s 30 s

slide-29
SLIDE 29

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

IC map Activation Time

Observed signals

Exploratory fMRI analysis: ICA

slide-30
SLIDE 30

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Learning complex finger movements

slide-31
SLIDE 31

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

ICA as a noise filter

Slow movement (#14) CSF (#1)

Time course Reference

slide-32
SLIDE 32

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

http://flowingdata.com/2008/03/12/ 17-ways-to-visualize-the-twitter-universe/

slide-33
SLIDE 33

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Resting & Acting Brain Networks

Fox, … & Raichle, PNAS 2005; 102: 9673.

Attention Rest Memory

slide-34
SLIDE 34

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

116: Automated Anatomical Labeling Filtered (0.025 ≤ f ≤ 0.100 Hz) into 5 freq bands

RS-fMRI Connectivity Networks for MCI

Univ NC, Duke: 3T, 4*4*4 mm, TR 2s, TE 32ms, 34 slices 0.864

slide-35
SLIDE 35

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Network analysis of resting-state fMRI

RS-fMRI: 5min.

PageRank algorithm for node centrality 26 benign Rolandic epilepsy pts & 16 controls: EEG-fMRI

ISMRM2012:0372

slide-36
SLIDE 36

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

http://www.biomed.ee.ethz.ch/research/ bioimaging/brain/diffusion_fiber_tracking http://www.graphicshunt.com/images/ bouquet_of_flowers-3271.htm

slide-37
SLIDE 37

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Water diffusion is restricted in the brain

anisotropic isotropic

Tractography

http://www.cse.msstate.edu/ ~szhang/brain.htm

Still under development!

slide-38
SLIDE 38

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Make it simple!

Poincaré conjecture, Wikipedia

slide-39
SLIDE 39

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Dale et al., HBM 9: 179, 1999

slide-40
SLIDE 40

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Tootell et al., PNAS95:811, 1998

slide-41
SLIDE 41

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Fischl et al., HBM 8:272, 1999

Words: new vs. old

Talairach Atlas

slide-42
SLIDE 42

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

http://inunekomonogatari.seesaa.net/category/4768766-1.html

Having fun?

slide-43
SLIDE 43

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Fourier transform in MRI

slide-44
SLIDE 44

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

MR image reconstruction

Compressed Sensing (Matlab) zero filling

Data 20%

slide-45
SLIDE 45

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

MRI reconstruction with HYPR

HighlY constrained back PRojection

Expectation Maximization

MRM 55:30

FBP HYPR

slide-46
SLIDE 46

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Small artery, big impact!

Excised Brain

BRAIN 129:2189

Lenticulostriate artery

Gotoh et al., JMRI 2009

slide-47
SLIDE 47

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Changes by hypertension

Normal

Gotoh et al., BJR 2012

Hypertensive

slide-48
SLIDE 48

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Reconstructions ：CS vs. ZF

Abstract 362, ISMRM2011

Very high resolution：0.2 x 0.2 x 0.5 mm CS: compressed sensing vs. ZF: central sampling with zero-filling

slide-49
SLIDE 49

The Machine Learning Summer School in Kyoto 2012 at 17:30 – 18:15 on August 31 at Clock Tower Hall, Kyoto Univ.

Roles in Medical Image Analyses

will expand HUGE!