How do we develop a better understanding of this challenge? What - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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How do we develop a better understanding of this challenge? What - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 13, 2023 33 likes •169 views

Research Needs and Where Do We Go From Here? How do we develop a better understanding of this challenge? What tools can we develop to help? What resources are needed to accomplish these goals? Is there hope? How do we develop a

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SLIDE 1

Research Needs and Where Do We Go From Here?

  • How do we develop a better understanding of this challenge?
  • What tools can we develop to help?
  • What resources are needed to accomplish these goals?
  • Is there hope?
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SLIDE 2
  • Continued interdisciplinary field observations (routine and event

response) à increase extent of sampling in space/time and/or pick sentinel sites for focused (and ideally sustainable) sampling

How do we develop a better understanding of ASP in the Gulf of Maine?

Bar Harbor, Februrary 2015 http://ifcb-data.whoi.edu/about IFCB >7M images since 2006

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SLIDE 3
  • Continued interdisciplinary field observations (routine and event

response) à increase extent of sampling in space/time and/or pick sentinel sites for focused (and ideally sustainable) sampling

  • Understand primary drivers related to growth vs. toxin production à

what causes a toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom? (integrate

  • ceanographic, physiology and life cycle research)

How do we develop a better understanding of ASP in the Gulf of Maine?

West Coast P. australis isolates (McCabe et al. 2016)

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SLIDE 4
  • Continued interdisciplinary field observations (routine and event

response) à increase extent of sampling in space/time and/or pick sentinel sites for focused (and ideally sustainable) sampling

  • Understand primary drivers related to growth vs. toxin production à

what causes a toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom? (integrate

  • ceanographic, physiology and life cycle research)
  • Consider local and external factors contributing to changes in

community composition à what drives introduction of “new” species? are “new” species really new? how connected are HAB events via known/changing circulation?

How do we develop a better understanding of ASP in the Gulf of Maine?

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SLIDE 5

What tools can we develop to help?

  • Evaluate mechanisms of trophic transfer
  • Rapid screening tools for cells
  • Discrete sampling (lab-based or in situ) à identify community OR target specie(s)

using existing or newly developed primers or probes

  • Near continuous sampling via instrumentation like the Imaging Flow Cytobot
  • Rapid screening tools for toxins
  • Many exist already and some are approved for regulatory screening but are not

currently in use in the Gulf of Maine (e.g. Neogen)

  • Improving extraction protocols to facilitate simultaneous screening of multiple HAB

biotoxins

  • Build conceptual and quantitative models that can help reduce complexity

underlying toxicity in the environment

  • Stronger linkages between events and economic impacts?
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LIVE

Samples

Lugol’s FIXED

Concentrated

Lugol’s FIXED

DNA extraction

freeze/ thaw single chains or cells (4- 8/sample) Sequencing w/ nested PCR Electron microscopy Methods adapted from: Henrichs et al. 2013; Richlen and Barber 2005; Bowers et al. 2016; Hubbard et al. 2008

Identification

Kit extraction

Other sample types in progress: Feces/ digestive tract

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SLIDE 7

ECONOMIC AND SOCIOCULTURAL IMPACTS OF THE 2015 WEST COAST DOMOIC ACID EVENT: IDENTIFYING COMMUNITY NEEDS TO HELP FISHING COMMUNITIES COPE Moore et al. 2017, 9th US HAB Symposium Notable impacts on fishing community

  • 2015 U.S. west coast domoic acid event resulted in fisheries harvest closures that generated an economic shock for

coastal fishing communities (some closures endured > 1 year)

  • 36 community members involved in the fisheries, hospitality, and retail industries, local government officials,

recreational harvesters, and others interviewed to evaluate socioeconomic and cultural impacts

  • Economic hardships extended far beyond fishing-related operations, and permeated through other sectors (like the

hospitality industry).

  • Long-held traditions surrounding crab and shellfish were disrupted, threatening the cultural identities of affected

communities.

To minimize these impacts during future events, suggestions from the fishing community included:

  • 1. clearer, more thorough and more rapidly disseminated information regarding fisheries closures and the health risks

associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs).

  • 2. financial and employment assistance following HAB-related fisheries harvest closures that is tailored to the unique

circumstances of fishing communities.

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SLIDE 8

What resources are needed to accomplish these goals?

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SLIDE 9

Is there hope?

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Pseudo-nitzschia species composition varies over decadal time scales

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Pseudo-nitzschia species composition also varies over decadal time scales

https://eapsweb.mit.edu/news- events/eaps-scope/2013/oceans-ahoy

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Pseudo-nitzschia species composition also varies over decadal time scales

https://eapsweb.mit.edu/news- events/eaps-scope/2013/oceans-ahoy

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SLIDE 13

Pseudo-nitzschia species composition also varies over decadal time scales

https://eapsweb.mit.edu/news- events/eaps-scope/2013/oceans-ahoy