Infrastructure Mobility: A What-If Analysis Romit Roy Choudhury - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Infrastructure Mobility: A What-If Analysis Romit Roy Choudhury - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 28, 2024 117 likes •1.14k views

Infrastructure Mobility: A What-If Analysis Romit Roy Choudhury Mahanth Gowda Nirupam Roy Wireless Network Capacity Revolutionary work in the last 30 years Beamforming, MIMO, power-control, channel assignment, coding Wireless Network

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Infrastructure Mobility: A What-If Analysis

Mahanth Gowda Nirupam Roy Romit Roy Choudhury

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Wireless Network Capacity

Revolutionary work in the last 30 years

Beamforming, MIMO, power-control, channel assignment, coding …

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Wireless Network Capacity

Capacity is reaching Shannon's limit, but the demand is still increasing Revolutionary work in the last 30 years

Beamforming, MIMO, power-control, channel assignment, coding …

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Wireless Network Capacity

Growing agreement in the community that we have reached saturation at the PHY Layer …

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Wireless Network Capacity

Growing agreement in the community that we have reached saturation at the PHY Layer … Next jump perhaps from new networking architectures.

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Static Infrastructure, Mobile Clients

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Static Infrastructure, Mobile Clients

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Static Infrastructure, Mobile Clients

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What if Infrastructure is Mobile

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What if Infrastructure is Mobile

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What if Infrastructure is Mobile

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

Tethered Mobility (feet)

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

Tethered Mobility (feet) Ceiling Track Mobility (meter)

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

Tethered Mobility (feet) Ceiling Track Mobility (meter) Cell Tower Relays (km)

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

Tethered Mobility (feet) Ceiling Track Mobility (meter) Cell Tower Relays (km) Three main sources of gains

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Indoor Multipath

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Indoor Multipath

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Indoor Multipath

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Indoor Multipath

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Multipath can Add up Destructively

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Multipath can Add up Destructively

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Multipath can Add up Destructively

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Multipath can Add up Destructively

Out of phase components

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Multipath can Add up Destructively

Destructive multipath – nullified signal

Out of phase components

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

In Phase alignment with small AP motion

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Small Mobility Facilitates Constructive Multipath

Constructive multipath – amplified signal

In Phase alignment with small AP motion

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Shadowing

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Shadowing

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Shadowing

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LoS Path blocked by wall Shadowing

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Shadowing

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Shadowing

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Shadowing

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Shadowing

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LoS opportunity by evading shadow Shadowing

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Regimes of Infrastructure Mobility

Mobility Range

Tethered Mobility (feet) Ceiling Track Mobility (meter) Cell Tower Relays (km)

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Time

Traffic Changes Channel Variation Topology Faults User Location

Timescales

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Opportunities are many:

  • Better capacity
  • Localization
  • Improved energy
  • Security
  • Fault management
  • QoS, reliability, prioritization,
  • Software defined mobility … scalable

Not entirely sure about killer app

  • Treating this as a bottom-up research
  • 1. What’s the Killer App?
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Robots permeating life … design, cost, reliability, safety not major issues

Robotic Camera Package Delivery Virtual Presence

  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Robotic Feet Robotic Vacuum

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Today’s home

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 2. Is this Really Practical?

Smart homes!

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  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • Mobility can be only in small spatial scale (< 1 sq ft)
  • Exploit multipath opportunities
  • Constructive multipath - To increase signal strength of clients

Single-AP Mobility

  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • Mobility can be only in small spatial scale (< 1 sq ft)
  • Exploit multipath opportunities
  • Constructive multipath - To increase signal strength of clients

Single-AP Mobility

  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • Mobility can be only in small spatial scale (< 1 sq ft)
  • Exploit multipath opportunities
  • Constructive multipath - To increase signal strength of clients
  • Destructive multipath - To decrease interference from interferers

Single-AP Mobility

  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • Mobility can be only in small spatial scale (< 1 sq ft)
  • Exploit multipath opportunities
  • Constructive multipath - To increase signal strength of clients
  • Destructive multipath - To decrease interference from interferers
  • Upper bounds on throughput gain ~ 2x

Single-AP Mobility

  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • Mobility can be only in small spatial scale (< 1 sq ft)
  • Exploit multipath opportunities
  • Constructive multipath - To increase signal strength of clients
  • Destructive multipath - To decrease interference from interferers
  • Upper bounds on throughput gain ~ 2x
  • Long Range Macro-mobility can offer upto 3x gains

Single-AP Mobility

  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?
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  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?

Multiple-AP Coordinated Mobility

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  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?

Multiple-AP Coordinated Mobility

Joint Mobility Control over Cloud

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  • 3. How Compelling are the Gains?

Multiple-AP Coordinated Mobility

Joint Mobility Control over Cloud Upto 1.8x gains (based

  • n measurement driven

simulations

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Robotic WiFi APs can be plug and play  backward compatible Moreover, multiple APs can together be mobile  additional gains

  • 4. Why not Overprovision?

Yes, that’s possible. However,

  • re-wiring + Ethernet costly
  • new protocols, eco-system
  • backward compatibility
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Platform: USRPs and off-the-shelf laptops

Measurements

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Methodology

AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

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Methodology

AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

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Spot 1 foot

Methodology

AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

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Spot 1 foot Pixels

Methodology

AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

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Spot 1 foot Pixels

Methodology

AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

Three Regimes

  • f Mobility
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Spot 1 foot Pixels

Methodology

1) MicroMobility AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

Three Regimes

  • f Mobility
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Spot 1 foot Pixels 2) MiniMobility

Methodology

1) MicroMobility AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

Three Regimes

  • f Mobility
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Spot 1 foot Pixels 2) MiniMobility 3) MacroMobility

Methodology

1) MicroMobility AP Mobility Area

Client Client Client Client

Three Regimes

  • f Mobility
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MicroMobility

Client

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MicroMobility

Your AP Client

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MicroMobility

Good SNR Your AP Client

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MicroMobility

Good SNR Your AP Interfering (Neighbor) AP Client

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MicroMobility

Good SNR Weak Interference Your AP Interfering (Neighbor) AP Client

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SNR Variation within a Spot

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CDF of (max – median) SNR.

SNR Variation within a Spot

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CDF of (max – median) SNR. CDF of (median - min) SNR.

SNR Variation within a Spot

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MicroMobility: Upper bound on Throughput Gain with Interference

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MiniMobility: SNR Variation over 6 Spots

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Without interference With interference

MiniMobility: Upper bound on Throughput Gain

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MacroMobility: Upper bound on Throughput Gain

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Cloud Controlled Mobility

Coordinated Mobility

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Cloud Controlled Mobility

Coordinated Mobility

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Cloud Controlled Mobility

Coordinated Mobility

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Coordinated Mobility Gains

30 Node, 6 AP testbed with measurement based simulation

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Need not Move too much

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Client

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Client Close by AP

Need not Move too much

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Pixels of comparable SNRs connected with a line. Far away pixels, chosen carefully, offer strong SNRs

Need not Move too much

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  • Energy savings
  • Due to greater data rates, fewer re-transmissions
  • Range finding possible via careful antenna motion
  • Averages out multi-path
  • More bits of secret keys from the channel
  • Through frequent antenna mobility
  • Quadcopter based cell tower extension
  • Possible to avoid shadow regions
  • Channel quality at heights different from ground

Many More Opportunities

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  • How to relocate to the right pixel for improved SNR?
  • When to relocate?
  • Joint mobility and power control, channel management
  • Optimizing for multiple clients. New scheduling schemes
  • Mobility planning in between protocol idle periods
  • Leverage overheard transmissions for mobility decisions
  • Improved multi-AP coordination
  • Many others …

Many Challenges too

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Power Control Channel Selection Coding Beamforming MIMO

Take Away

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Scheduling

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Power Control Channel Selection Coding Beamforming MIMO

Take Away

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Scheduling Infrastructure Mobility

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Thank You!

Questions?

Mahanth Gowda

gowda2@illinois.edu

Systems and Networking Research Group (SyNRG)

http://www.synrg.csl.illinois.edu