Introduction to Security Cooperation Management Lesson #0107 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Introduction to Security Cooperation Management

Lesson #0107

1 October 2018

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Program Definitions

• Economic & military

assistance to partner nations under State Department authority

• Supports USG foreign

policy and national security

• bjectives
• Deliverables: Can include

Defense articles, services, and training

• Terms of Transfer:

Sale, grant, loan, or lease

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Security Assistance

• Arms Export Control Act (AECA)
• International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR)
• Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM)
• Foreign Assistance Act (FAA)
• Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM)

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Key Legal and Policy Guidelines for SA

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Major Security Assistance Programs Administered by DoD

• Foreign Military Sales (FMS)
• Foreign Military Financing (FMF)
• International Military Education

and Training (IMET)

• Excess Defense Articles (EDA)
• Leases of Equipment

Administered by DoS

• Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
• Economic Support Fund (ESF)
• International Narcotics Control

and Law Enforcement (INCLE)

• Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism,

Demining, and Related Programs (NADR)

• Peacekeeping Operations (PKO)

• Sales authorized by the AECA from DoD stock
• r through DoD procurement of defense

articles and services (including training)

• Either country cash or USG-provided credit

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AECA § 21 and 22

Foreign Military Sales (FMS)

FMS (U.S. Remains the Provider of Choice)

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Source: Congressional Research Service report, December 2015

US 31%

12.51 13 13.53 10.58 20.98 23.29 36.38 38.09 31.6 32.1 69.1 27.81 34.2 47.09 33.6 41.9

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Sales Trends (In Billions of Dollars)

02 03 04 05 06 07 08 10 08 12 11 13 14 15 16 17

Title 22: $38.0B Title 10: $3.9B Total: $41.9B

FY2017 Statistics

• Appropriated to the President, allocated by DoS/FA
• Administered by DoD/DSCA in consultation with

DoS/FA and USD(C) to fund the purchase of defense articles and services

• Normally used to fund FMS cases
• Funding
• Requested by POTUS: $5.347 Billion
• Recommended by Senate: $5.9365 Billion
• Recommended by House: $6.361 Billion

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AECA § 23

Foreign Military Financing (FMF)

• Military training authorized by the FAA on a grant

basis to foreign military and related civilian personnel which can occur both in the United States and in

• verseas (with waiver)
• Includes Expanded IMET Program
• Appropriated to the President and allocated by DoS
• Administered by DoD/DSCA in consultation with DoS
• Funding
• Requested by POTUS: $95 Million
• Recommended by Senate: $110.68 Million
• Recommended by House: $110.875 Million

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International Military Education and Training (IMET)

Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)

• Commercial export sales authorized by the AECA
• Generally country cash not an appropriation
• Administered by DoS in consultation with DoD
• Licensed by DoS Directorate of Defense Trade

Controls (DDTC) using the ITAR

• Export licenses normally valid for a four year period
• Sales may or may not take place
• Annual Report to Congress on defense articles and

services licensed for export

• FY2017 - $111.8B

AECA § 38

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The term “security cooperation programs and activities

• f the Department of Defense” means any program,

activity (including an exercise), or interaction of the Department of Defense with the security establishment

• f a foreign country to achieve a purpose as follows:
• To build and develop allied and friendly security

capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations.

• To provide the armed forces with access to the foreign

country during peacetime or a contingency operation.

• To build relationships that promote specific United States

security interests.

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Title 10, United States Code 301 (10 USC 301) enacted by FY17 NDAA

Security Cooperation Definition

• Gain Access – overflight/landing, coastal/port or
• verland access to move personnel and equipment,
• r for refueling or resupply enroute
• Build Relationships – for potential engagement and

participation in future peacekeeping or conflict

• perations (or not to interfere with them)
• Develop/Enhance Capabilities – ensure partner

nation has training and equipment to defend itself or to participate in PKO or conflict operations

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DoD Objectives (the ABCs)

Selected DoD SC Programs DoD Authorized

• Exercises
• 322, Special Operations Forces:

Training with Friendly Foreign Forces

• 345, Regional Defense Combating Terrorism

Fellowship Program (CTFP)

• Counter-Narcotics Assistance
• 342, Centers for Security

Studies

• Afghanistan Security Forces Fund (ASFF)
• 341, DoD State Partnership Program
• International Armaments Cooperation
• Acquisition and Cross Servicing Agreements
• Building Partner Capacity
• Humanitarian Assistance and Demining Assistance

Green Book C.1

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• An important tool of national security and foreign

policy

• An integral element of the DoD mission
• SC planners (SCOs, GCCs, IAs, JCS, etc.) shall consider

and coordinate with complementary USG activities

• DoD will maintain a robust program of assessment,

monitoring, and evaluation of security cooperation

• No commitments to partner nations without USG

assurance that such commitments can be met and are in U.S. best interests (no false impressions)

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Title 10, United States Code 301 (10 USC 301) enacted by FY17 NDAA

DoD Policy on Security Cooperation

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Security Assistance Programs Within Security Cooperation

342, RCSS 333 IAC ESF NADR INCLE PKO FMS FMF IMET EDA Leases DCS Exercises HA/HMA

333 – Foreign Security Forces: Authority to Build Capacity RCSS –Regional Centers for Security Studies HA/HMA = Humanitarian Assistance/ Humanitarian Mine Action IAC = International Armaments Cooperation FMS = Foreign Military Sales FMF = Foreign Military Financing IMET = International Military Education and Training EDA = Excess Defense Articles DCS = Direct Commercial Sales ESF = Economic Support Fund INCLE = International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement NADR = Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism, Demining, and Related Programs PKO = Peacekeeping Operations

SC Programs

DoD

[10 U.S.C.] SA Programs

DoS

[22 U.S.C.]

Global Security Contingency Fund (GSCF)

Select SC Programs

SAMM C15.1.4

DoD Funded DoS Funded JOINT Funded Afghanistan Security Forces Fund (ASFF)

Foreign Security Forces: Authority to Build Capacity (§333, Chap 16, 10 U.S.C.) DoD Counter Narcotics (10 U.S.C.:§333, Chap 16 & §384, Chap 18)

Coalition Readiness Support Program (CRSP) Iraq Train & Equip Fund (ITEF) Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and Related Programs (NADR) Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) and Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI) International Narcotics Control & Law Enforcement (INCLE) Pakistan Counterinsurgency Fund/ Counterinsurgency Capability Fund (PCF/PCCF) European Reassurance Initiative (ERI) Program

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Organizations

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Some Key SC Organizational Terms

• SC Enterprise (SCE): The network of entities engaged

in any element of SC programs, either as providers or

• beneficiaries. This includes U.S. government (USG)

agencies, Congress, foreign partners, and industry

• SC Community: A subset of USG executive branch

entities within the SCE directly responsible for managing or executing SC programs or the policies that affect them

• SC Workforce: Employees of USG agencies within the

SC community

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• Under Secretary of Defense for Policy oversees all foreign policy matters for DoD
• DSCA is DoD’s focal point for Security Cooperation
• The Implementing Agencies and Combatant Commands execute the programs

USG Security Cooperation Major Players

• Congress
• Authorizes programs and appropriates funding
• Exercises oversight
• State Department
• Determines which countries can have programs
• Determines which sales, leases and transfers will be made
• Issues export licenses for commercial sales
• Determines foreign assistance funding levels
• Defense Department
• Has extensive input on security cooperation policy
• Determines what is available for sale or lease
• Recommends foreign assistance funding levels
• Implements FMS Program, FMF and other funding
• Implements International Military Education (IMET)

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• General direction of foreign assistance
• Program determination by country
• Integration of programs to support U.S.

national objectives

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Department of State SA Responsibilities

Department of State Relationships

21 Chief, U.S. Diplomatic Mission Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs (T) Senior Defense Official/Defense Attaché (SDO/DATT) Security Cooperation Organization (SCO) Defense Attaché Office (DAO) Assistant Secretary for Political-Military Affairs (PM) Office of Regional Security and Arms Transfers (RSAT) Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) Director, U.S. Foreign Assistance (F) Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)

Secretary of State

Under Secretary for Political Affairs (P) Europe - Eurasia Africa East Asia - Pacific South - Central Asia West Hemi Near East Int’l Orgs Office of Security Assistance (SA) Office of Congressional & Public Affairs (CPA)

President of the United States

Geographic Combatant Commander (CCMD) AORs & DoS Regional Bureaus

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• Program execution
• Procurement of equipment / services
• Transportation of military articles
• Conduct of military training

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Department of Defense SA Responsibilities

Department of Defense Relationships

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Secretary of Defense

Department

• f the Army

Department

• f the Navy

Department

• f the

Air Force Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition & Sustainment (USD(A&S)) Director, International Cooperation Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD(P)) Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff The Joint Staff Geographic Combatant Commanders (GCCs)

Senior Defense Official/Defense Attaché (SDO/DATT) Security Cooperation Organization (SCO) Defense Attaché Office (DAO)

President of the United States

Under Secretary of Defense for Research & Engineering (USD(R&E))

Defense Security Cooperation Agency

Department of Defense lead agency for the execution of Security Cooperation programs Subject matter expertise across the spectrum of related regional and functional activities

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Our Role

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Foreign Military Sales 13,234 Active Cases 171 Countries and Int’l Organizations Humanitarian Assistance 422 HA Projects 39 Mine Action Projects 93 countries Security Cooperation Officers 801 SCOs in 144 Countries International Training 70,514 Students from 196 Countries Regional Centers 5,272 Participants from 183 Countries

Worldwide…approximately 10,000 people

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Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA)

SAMM C1.3.2.2

• Policy Development
• Budget Allocation
• Trust Fund Management
• Country Program and Financial Management
• Congressional Notification and Reporting
• Congressional Liaison
• LOA Processing; LOA Writing
• Training and Education
• Community Automation
• Regional Center Executive Agent
• Humanitarian Assistance and Mine Action

DSCA Vision

Chapter 3

Lead the Security Cooperation Community, Enable the Security Cooperation Enterprise Vision 2020, first published in October 2014 (most recent update: Oct 2016), is DSCA’s six-year strategy to lead the security cooperation in :

• Synchronizing Security

Cooperation Activities

• Meeting Customer Expectations
• Ensuring Effectiveness and

Efficiency

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DSCA Perspective on Security Cooperation

It is about building and maintaining relationships Critical tool of U.S. foreign policy and DoD strategy

In an era of increased competition and diminishing resources, its importance has never been greater Imperative we posture the Security Cooperation enterprise for success in the new environment

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DSCA SA/SC Stakeholders Network

International Customers Industry Military Departments Combatant Commands/ Security Cooperation Offices Joint Staff Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) Policy/Other OSD State Congress Others

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Military Services SC Responsibilities

• Develop and implement SC policy in support of

the Secretary of Defense, OSD, and Combatant Commands (CCMDs)

• Coordinate technology transfer decisions
• Provide defense articles, services, and

training to partner nations

• Participate in international

armaments cooperation

• Provide resources

to the SC community

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Full-Spectrum Capability

F M S

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FMS System

1 2 3 4 5

A B C D E F G

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Introduction to Security Cooperation Management

Lesson #0107

1 October 2018