qt ssts r t t st - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
qt ssts r t t st qr srss s rst
❯♥✐✈❡rs✐t② ♦❢ ❏②✈äs❦②❧ä
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶ ✴ ✺✷
✶
✷
✶ r ≫ T ❝❛s❡ ✸
✹
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✺ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✻ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✼ ✴ ✺✷
◮ ♣◆❘◗❈❉ ❛♣♣r♦❛❝❤✳ ❉✐s❝✉ss❡❞ ❧❛t❡r✳ ◮ ❆❜❡❧✐❛♥ ❧✐♠✐t st✉❞✐❡❞ ♥✉♠❡r✐❝❛❧❧② ✐♥ ✶❉✳ ✶ ◮ ❆t t❤❡ ♠♦♠❡♥t ✐t ✐s ✐s ♥♦t ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ t♦ st✉❞② r❡❝♦♠❜✐♥❛t✐♦♥ ❢r♦♠
✐♥✐t✐❛❧❧② ✉♥❝♦rr❡❧❛t❡❞ ❤❡❛✈② q✉❛r❦s✳
✶❉❡ ❇♦♥✐✱ ❏❍❊P ✶✼✵✽ ✭✷✵✶✼✮ ✵✻✹✳ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✽ ✴ ✺✷
◮ ❙t♦❝❤❛st✐❝ ♣♦t❡♥t✐❛❧ ✭✐♥ ◗❊❉✮✳ ✷ ◮ ❙❝❤rö❞✐♥❣❡r✲▲❛♥❣❡✈✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♦♥✳ ❙t♦❝❤❛st✐❝ ♣♦t❡♥t✐❛❧ ♣❧✉s ♥♦♥✲❧✐♥❡❛r
t❡r♠ t♦ ✐♠♣♦s❡ t❤❡r♠❛❧✐③❛t✐♦♥✳✸
✷❑❛❥✐♠♦t♦✱ ❆❦❛♠❛ts✉✱ ❆s❛❦❛✇❛ ❛♥❞ ❘♦t❤❦♦♣❢✳ P❘❉ ✾✼ ✭✷✵✶✽✮ ♥♦✳✶ ✵✶✹✵✵✸ ✸●♦ss✐❛✉① ❛♥❞ ❑❛t③✳ ❆♥♥❛❧s P❤②s✳ ✸✻✽ ✭✷✵✶✻✮ ✷✻✼✲✷✾✺ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✾ ✴ ✺✷
◮ ▲❛♥❣❡✈✐♥ ❡q✉❛t✐♦♥ ✐♥ ◗❊❉✳ ◗✉✐t❡ s✉❝❝❡ss❢✉❧ ♣❤❡♥♦♠❡♥♦❧♦❣✐❝❛❧❧②
❝♦♥s✐❞❡r✐♥❣ t❤❡ s✐♠♣❧✐❝✐t②✳ ■♥ t❤✐s ✇❛② ✐t ✐s ♣♦ss✐❜❧❡ t♦ st✉❞② r❡❝♦♠❜✐♥❛t✐♦♥ ❢r♦♠ ✐♥✐t✐❛❧❧② ✉♥❝♦rr❡❧❛t❡❞ ❤❡❛✈② q✉❛r❦s✳ ✹
◮ ❊①t❡♥s✐♦♥ t♦ ◗❈❉ ❞✐s❝✉ss❡❞ ❧❛t❡r✳ ✹❏✲P✳ ❇❧❛✐③♦t✱ ❉✳ ❞❡ ❇♦♥✐✱ P✳ ❋❛❝❝✐♦❧✐ ❛♥❞ ●✳ ●❛r❜❡r♦❣❧✐♦✳ ◆✉❝❧✳P❤②s✳ ❆✾✹✻ ✭✷✵✶✻✮
✹✾✲✽✽✳
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✵ ✴ ✺✷
✺❋♦r ❝❧❛ss✐❝❛❧ ❛♣♣r♦①✐♠❛t✐♦♥s ✇✐t❤✐♥ t❤❡ ❊❋❚ ❛♣♣r♦❛❝❤ s❡❡ ❨❛♥ ❩❤✉➫s t❛❧❦ ♦♥ ❋r✐❞❛②✳ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✶ ✴ ✺✷
✶
✷
✶ r ≫ T ❝❛s❡ ✸
✹
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✷ ✴ ✺✷
QCD NRQCD pNRQCD pNRQCD NRQCD HTL
HTL
m 1/r ∼ mv V ∼ mv2 T mD
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✸ ✴ ✺✷
✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✹ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✺ ✴ ✺✷
s,eff ) + F(fo)
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✻ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✼ ✴ ✺✷
r ≫ T, mD ≫ E r❡❣✐♠❡
r ❜✉t ❜✐❣❣❡r t❤❛♥ E t❤❡
k − ✶
kCk, ρ})
i
c − ✶ri
c − ✶
i
c − ✹)κ
c − ✶) ri
✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✽ ✴ ✺✷
−∞
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✶✾ ✴ ✺✷
r ≫ T, mD ≫ E r❡❣✐♠❡
r ❜✉t ❜✐❣❣❡r t❤❛♥ E t❤❡
k − ✶
kCk, ρ})
N✷
c −✷
✷(N✷
c −✶)
−∞
s(µT) T ✸ ≈ −✻.✸ T ✸
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✵ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✶ ✴ ✺✷
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 time(fm) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 RAA
1S 2S
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✷ ✴ ✺✷
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 time(fm) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 RAA
1S 2S
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✸ ✴ ✺✷
50 100 150 200 250 < Npart > 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 RAA
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✹ ✴ ✺✷
✶
✷
✶ r ≫ T ❝❛s❡ ✸
✹
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✺ ✴ ✺✷
✵(r)na(r)
✵ ✐s t❤❡ t❡♠♣♦r❛❧ ❝♦♠♣♦♥❡♥t ♦❢ t❤❡ ❣❧✉♦♥ ✜❡❧❞ ❛♥❞ na ✐s t❤❡ ❝♦❧♦r ❝✉rr❡♥t✳
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✻ ✴ ✺✷
|ψ(t) |ψ(t + dt) φ(t)| φ(t + dt)|
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✼ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✽ ✴ ✺✷
①na ①′, DQ]
①na ①′, DQ} − ✷na ①DQna ①′)
①, ˙
①′DQ] + [na ①, DQ ˙
①′]
✻❆ s✐♠✐❧❛r ❡q✉❛t✐♦♥ ❝❛♥ ❜❡ ❢♦✉♥❞ ✐♥ ❉✳ ❞❡ ❇♦♥✐✱ ❏❍❊P ✶✼✵✽ ✭✷✵✶✼✮ ✵✻✹ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✷✾ ✴ ✺✷
✷MT F(①, ♣)
✶ √ MT ✇❤✐❝❤ ✐♥ t❤✐s ❝❛s❡ ✇✐❧❧ ❜❡ ♠✉❝❤ s♠❛❧❧❡r t❤❛♥ x✳ ❚❤✐s
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✵ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✶ ✴ ✺✷
c
c − ✶)Do)
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✷ ✴ ✺✷
✵ + ✷♣ · ∇
✵ − CF
pD′ ✵−✷CFF i(r)F j(r)
c Γ(r)
pD′ ✵
p(pjD′ ✵) = ✵
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✸ ✴ ✺✷
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 r (fm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 r (fm) 10 20 30 40 50
✷Mb ✱ T = ✸✺✵ ▼❡❱ ✳ αs ❡✈❛❧✉❛t❡❞ ❛t
✶ a✵ = ✶✸✹✽▼❡❱ ✐♥ t❤❡ ❈♦✉❧♦♠❜✐❝ ♣❛rt✳
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✹ ✴ ✺✷
1 2 3 4 5 t (fm) 2 4 6 8 10 12 r (fm)
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✺ ✴ ✺✷
x(fm) −20 −10 10 20 30 y ( f m ) −10 0 10 20 −10 10 20
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✻ ✴ ✺✷
c − ✶)Do✮
c − ✶
c − ✶)Ps)
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✼ ✴ ✺✷
c − ✶)Ps − Po) ❛r❡ ♥❡❣❧❡❝t❡❞✳ ❲❡ ♥❡❡❞ t❤❛t t❤❡
r
pPs −
p(pjPs)
c − ✶
pPs
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✽ ✴ ✺✷
r
c − ✶)Ps) +
pPo
pPo
p(pjPo)
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✸✾ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✵ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✶ ✴ ✺✷
✶
✷
✶ r ≫ T ❝❛s❡ ✸
✹
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✷ ✴ ✺✷
✼❙❤♦✇♥ ✐♥ ❛r❳✐✈✿✶✽✵✸✳✵✼✾✾✻✱ ❝♦❧❧❛❜♦r❛t✐♦♥ ✇✐t❤ ❏✲P✳ ❇❧❛✐③♦t s✉❜♠✐tt❡❞ t♦ P❘❉✳ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✸ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✹ ✴ ✺✷
r ≫ mD✳
✽❑❛❥✐♠♦t♦✱ ❆❦❛♠❛ts✉✱ ❆s❛❦❛✇❛ ❛♥❞ ❘♦t❤❦♦♣❢✳ P❘❉ ✾✼ ✭✷✵✶✽✮ ♥♦✳✶ ✵✶✹✵✵✸ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✺ ✴ ✺✷
✾●♦ss✐❛✉① ❛♥❞ ❑❛t③✳ ❆♥♥❛❧s P❤②s✳ ✸✻✽ ✭✷✵✶✻✮ ✷✻✼✲✷✾✺ ▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✻ ✴ ✺✷
✵
① , UQ(τ)nA ①′DQ(t − τ)U† Q(τ)] ∆>(τ; ① − ①′))
✵
①′U† Q(τ), nA ① ] ∆<(τ; ① − ①′),
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✼ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✽ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✽ ✴ ✺✷
Γ(A→B) Γ(B→A) = ❡
EA−EB T
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✽ ✴ ✺✷
Γ(A→B) Γ(B→A) = ❡
EA−EB T
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✽ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✹✾ ✴ ✺✷
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✺✵ ✴ ✺✷
♣ − ps❡−
E♦ ♣ −Es T
q
♣ − E s, q)|s|Sq·ˆ r|♦, ♣|✷ ,
♣
♣) − TγM
♣ =
♣ − ps❡−
E♦ ♣ −Es T
q
♣ − E s, q)|s|Sq·ˆ r|♦, ♣|✷ ,
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✺✶ ✴ ✺✷
❚❛❜❧❡✿ ps ❛s ♦❜t❛✐♥❡❞ ❜② s♦❧✈✐♥❣ ❡qs✳ ✐♥ ♣r❡✈✐♦✉s s❧✐❞❡
♣ − E s s✉♣♣r❡ss❡s t❤❡ s✐♥❣❧❡t ❞❡❝❛② ✇✐❞t❤✱ ❤❡❧♣✐♥❣ t♦ ♠❛❦❡
▼✳❆✳ ❊s❝♦❜❡❞♦ ✭❏❨❯✮ ❖◗❙ ❢♦r ❍◗ ❙❊❲▼ ✷✵✶✽ ✺✷ ✴ ✺✷