Dermestid Beetle C ontrol Do not accumulate woolens or articles - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dermestid Beetle Control

• Do not accumulate woolens or articles made of

animal by-products unless they are extremely important to you.

• Do not keep or store woolens that are not used

regularly.

• During non-use seasons, store woolen clothing in

tightly-sealed containers or "moth-proof" bags. In most cases the inclusion of mothballs is advised.

• Since these beetles can develop in stored foods, be

especially watchful for infestations that start there…

Lady beetles (Coccinellidae)

• Also known as Ladybird beetles.
• Adults are rounded, and range in size from tiny

to ¼ inch long. Color ranges from black to brightly colored.

• Larvae are active and elongate with long legs,

and look like tiny alligators.

• Adults very mobile; will leave to find pest.
• Feed on scales, eggs of larvae and other soft-

bodied insects and mites

• 5,000 aphids in a lifetime!

Lady beetles (Coccinellidae)

Left: Chilocorus kuwanae adult. (twice stabbed) Center: Coccinella septempunctata adult. Right: Coleomegilla maculata adult. (a.k.a pink spotted lady beetle) Left: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri adult. Adult eating a aphid. Center: Harmonia axyridis adult. (a.k.a Asian Lady Beetle) Right: Hippodamia convergens adult. Left: Pseudoscymnus tsugae adult. Center: Rodolia cardinalis adult. (vedalia beetle) Right: Stethorus punctum adult. (a.k.a. spider mite destroyer)

Lady beetles (Coccinellidae)

Asian Lady Beetle

Lady beetles (Coccinellidae)

Order Diptera – “two wing”

Oder Diptera: Flies, Mosquitoes, Gnats, Midges

• One pair of wings.
• second wing is haltere (gyroscope)
• Complete Metamorphosis.
• Larvae have chewing mouthparts or mouth hooks.
• Adults with sucking mouthparts.
• Greater economic impact than any other insect group
• Pests and vectors of disease.
• Beneficial
• pollinate flowering plants.
• assist with decomposition of organic matter.
• biocontrol agents of insect pests.

Flies

Leaf miners

• Tunnel between the upper

and lower leaf surface feeding on the soft inner tissues.

• Tolerated by plants unless

infestations precipitate high levels of leaf damage.

• Cosmetic pest.

Chrysanthemum leaf miner

Leaf miners - Lifecycle

Leaf miner Damage

Spotted Wing Drosophila

Spotted Wing Drosophila - Lifecycle

Spotted Wing Drosophila -Damage

Syrphid flies, flower flies, hover flies (Syrphidae)

• Large group of flies.
• 1/4 to 3/4 inch long.
• Most adults eat pollen and nectar

(good pollinator).

• Adults are black and yellow, often

hover around flowers, and look like bees (but do not sting).

• Larvae feed on aphids, leafhoppers,

mealybugs, scale insects, and thrips.

Predator Syrphid flies, flower flies, hover flies (Syrphidae)

• Good for slow moving, soft bodied

insects.

• Early in the growing season.
• Single individual can consume up

to 400 aphids in a life time.

Predator Syrphid flies, flower flies, hover flies (Syrphidae)

Order Hymenoptera – “membrane wing”

Order Hymenoptera Wasps, Bees, Ants, Horntails, Sawflies

• Complete Metamorphosis.
• Two pairs of membranous

wings.

• Chewing mouthparts.
• Important pollinators!
• Beneficial.
• Social.

• Social insects.
• Usually live underground.
• Some ants will eat soft bodied

insects.

• Often times considered a nuisance

in homes and/or a pest in the garden.

Ants

Right: Red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta) with cerambycid larvae.

Ants

Ants Harvesting Honeydew

Ants vs. Termites

Ants vs. Termites

Petiole

Ants vs. Termites

• Adults eat mainly caterpillars and

feed their larvae beetles, flies, true bugs, and other wasps.

• Adults switch to feed on sugar in late

summer.

• Yellow and black markings.
• Some are more aggressive than
• thers.

Hornets, paper wasps

(Vespidae Polistes)

Solitary/Hunting Wasps Paper Wasps

Parasitic Wasp of White Fly

Important parasite of the greenhouse whitefly

Chalcid wasps (Chalcidoidea)

Chalcid wasps (Chalcidoidea)

Gee Wiz Facts About Insects. How small can these tiny wasps get? 139µm (micrometers)

1000 µm (microns) in 1 millimeter

Dicopomorpha echmepterygis (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)

Chalcid wasps (Chalcidoidea)

Chalcid wasps (Chalcidoidea) So how do these tiny wasps get around?

Sweat Bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)

Mining Bee (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)

Plasterer Bees (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

Leafcutter Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Leafcutter Bee Houses

Carpenter Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Bumble Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Honey Bees Like to Dance!

Honey Bee “Waggle Dance”

Waggle dance is a term used in beekeeping for a particular figure-eight dance of the honey bee.

Honey Bee “Waggle Dance”

Honey Bee “Waggle Dance”

World Crop Production

Of the 100 crops that provide 90 percent of the world's food, over 70 are pollinated by bees. Honey bees account for a third of the $3 trillion worth of agricultural produce sold each year!

Acerola Alfalfa Allspice Almond Alsike clover American Pawpaw Apple* Apricot* Arrowleaf clover Atemoya, Cherimoya, Custard apple Avocado Azarole Beet Black currant, Red currant Blackberry Blueberry Boysenberry Brazil nut Broad bean Broccoli Brussels sprouts Bucket orchid Buckwheat Cabbage Cactus, Prickly pear Cantaloupe, Melon Carambola, Starfruit Caraway Cardamom Carrot Cashew Cauliflower Celery Chestnut Chilli pepper, Red pepper, Bell pepper, Green pepper Chinese cabbage Clover (not all species) Cocoa Coconut Coffea Cola nut Coriander Cotton Cowpea, Black-eyed pea, Blackeye bean Cranberry Crimson clover Crownvetch Cucumber Durian Eggplant Elderberry Feijoa Fennel Fig

Pollination & Food Production: Do You Enjoy or Grow Any of These Foods?

Flax Grape* Guar bean, Goa bean Guava Hazelnut Hog plum Hyacinth bean Jack bean, Horse bean, Sword bean Jujube Karite Kiwifruit Lemon Lima bean, Kidney bean, Haricot bean, Adzuki bean, Mungo bean, String bean, Green bean Lime Longan Loquat Lupine Lychee Macadamia Mammee apple Mango Mustard Naranjillo Oil palm Okra Onion Papaya Passion fruit. Maracuja Peach, Nectarine* Pear* Persimmon Pigeon pea, Cajan pea, Congo bean Plum, Greengage, Mirabelle, Sloe Pomegranate Quince Rambutan

Pollination & Food Production: Do You Enjoy Any of These Foods?

Rapeseed Raspberry Red clover Rose hips, Dogroses Rowanberry Safflower Sainfoin Sapodilla Scarlet runner bean Service Tree Sesame Sour cherry Soybean Squash (plant), Pumpkin, Gourd, Marrow, Zuchini Stanhopea Star apple, Cainito Strawberry Strawberry tree Sunflower Sweet Cherry* Tamarind Tangelo Tangerine Tomato Tung tree Turnip, Canola Vanilla Vetch Walnut Watermelon White clover

Pollination & Food Production: Do You Enjoy Any of These Foods?

Bee – Economics 101 & Supply and Demand

“In the next 20 years the cost of Honey Bee pollinated foods could double or triple as bees continue to DIE off.”

What? Could It Be True, No More Honey Bees???

Population In the last 20 years the domesticated honey bee population has shrunk by 30-50% in the U.S.

Pollinators in Decline: Honey Bees

Colony Collapse Disorder

Viruses Pesticides Nosema apis &

ceranae parasitic fungus

Parasitic Mites Nutrition Stress

Varroa destructor – Single Biggest Issue

The biggest killer? Mites & Parasitic Fungus

Varroa mites - These tiny parasites from Siberia have now spread around the world. Attack both larvae and adult bees and reduce bees’ resistance to viral infection. Tracheal mites – Introduced in the early 1980s, attack the respiratory system of adult bees causing them to choke and can wipe out a colony in a day. Nosema – A single celled fungal parasite that spread from the Asian honeybee. The bees’ digestive track is destroyed inhibiting the digestion of pollen causing the bees to starve to

• death. Nosema also affects the Queen’s ability to lay eggs.

In a recent study at Oregon State University of 247 samples from across the state, 137 (55%) of those samples had the Nosema parasite present and 234 (94%) had Varroa mites present. Nosema Infection Tracheal mites Varroa mite

Using pesticides on plants kills insects - the bad insects as well as the good insects. When the honey bee collects pollen or nectar, they may become contaminated with the pesticide which could be carried back to the hive; thus potentially killing nest mates. Neonicotinds (a class of chemical found in recently developed pesticides) have already been outlawed in France since it damages the bees’ ability to navigate.

Pesticides

Why are Native Bees in Decline?

Competition with introduced species

(about 28 new species in North America)

Climate Change Habitat Loss and Lack of Nutrition

Reduced Forage

Intensive Agriculture i.e. Stress

Bee keepers and farmers often move hives to different locations (even different states). Scientists theorize that this excessive moving resulting in rapid seasonal change and colony stress may confuse the honey bees and make them susceptible to diseases.

Intensive Agriculture

Honey Bees Continue to Die Off…

Are We Going to Pollinate Our Own Crops?

The Question To Ask Undoubtedly Is…

Would You?

Questions?

Dale Whaley Assistant Professor - Regional Extension Specialist 203 S. Rainier St., PO Box 550 Waterville, WA 98858-0550 509-745-8531 dwhaley@wsu.edu www.ncw.wsu.edu

Helping You Put Knowledge to Work!