New Developments in Chinook Salmon Life History Characterization - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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New Developments in Chinook Salmon Life History Characterization - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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New Developments in Chinook Salmon Life History Characterization Duane Massa Yuba Accord M&E Program Project Manager/Biologist Yuba Accord River Management Team 5 th Annual Symposium June 12, 2013 M ONITORING AND E VALUATION P ROGRAM New

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June 12, 2013 New Developments in Chinook Salmon Life History Characterization Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium

Duane Massa Yuba Accord M&E Program Project Manager/Biologist

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Source Documents

MONITORING AND EVALUATION PROGRAM

New Developments in Life History Characterization

Conventional Wisdom Population Characteristics Population Trends Lifestage Periodicity Habitat Utilization Behavior Flow Relationships Water Temperature Influences

2 New Developments

Biological Opinions Draft Recovery Plan Biological Assessments Habitat Restoration Plans Environmental Impact Statements/Reports Management Plans Water Right Orders

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SLIDE 3

Spring-run return to the river from Feb through May and exhibit a single, distinct temporal mode in run timing

?

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Run Timing and Modality

3

Spring-run Fall-run J F M A M J J A S O N D

New Developments

  • Massa et al. 2010
  • NMFS 2011
  • Yoshiyama et al. 1998
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SLIDE 4

VAKI RIVERWATCHER

4 New Developments

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SLIDE 5

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2004-2005

5 New Developments

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SLIDE 6

6

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2006-2007

New Developments

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SLIDE 7

7

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2008-2009

New Developments

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SLIDE 8

8

CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM

Vaki Counts 2010-2011

New Developments

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SLIDE 9

9

CHINOOK SALMON

Run Timing and Modality

New Developments

  • Annually variable run timing
  • Few fish passing Daguerre

Point Dam prior to May

  • Intra-annual overlap in run

timing

Spring-run return to the river from Feb through May and exhibit a single, distinct temporal mode in run timing

?

New Developments

Spring-run Fall-run J F M A M J J A S O N D

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SLIDE 10

Upon entering the river, spring-run Chinook salmon migrate directly up to the uppermost reaches, where they hold over summer

?

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Upstream Migration

10 New Developments

  • CDFG 1991
  • SWRCB 2003
  • Vogel and Marine 1991
  • YCWA et al. 2007
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SLIDE 11
  • Acoustically tagged 90 spring-run

Chinook salmon during 2009, 2010 and 2011 downstream of Daguerre Point Dam

  • Tracked with 23 static receivers,

and weekly roving surveys

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Upstream Migration and Holding

11 New Developments

Nelson and Bloom, CDFW, 2011

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SLIDE 12

Spring-run Chinook Salmon

Holding

12 New Developments

Avoidance Selection

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SLIDE 13

13

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Holding

New Developments

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SLIDE 14

14

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Holding

New Developments

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SLIDE 15

15

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Upstream Migration

New Developments

  • Variable duration of holding

below Daguerre Point Dam

  • Extended holding observed

below Daguerre Point Dam

  • Hold throughout the lower

Yuba River over summer

  • Holding distributions

non-random Upon entering the river, spring-run Chinook salmon migrate directly up to the uppermost reaches, where they hold over summer

?

New Developments

Marysville Hallwood Daguerre Dry Creek Parks Bar Timbuctoo Narrows Englebright 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Reach Number of Chinook Salmon

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SLIDE 16

16 New Developments

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

Spring-run Chinook salmon spawn from September through November

?

Lifestage Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Spawning

California Department of Fish and Game (1991) Yuba County Water Agency et al. (2007) State Water Resources Control Board (2003) CALFED & Yuba County Water Agency (2005) Yuba River Management Team (2010)

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17 New Developments

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

Tagged Recovered

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 5/1/2010 6/1/2010 7/2/2010 8/2/2010 9/2/2010 10/3/2010 11/3/2010 12/4/2010 1/4/2011

Reach River Mile

ID-35735

Hallwood Marysville Daguerre Point Dam DryCreek Parks Bar Timbuctoo Bend Narrows Englebright

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SLIDE 18

18 New Developments

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

Spring-run Chinook salmon spawn from September through November

?

New Developments

  • Spring-run Chinook salmon

spawn from September through early October

Lifestage Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Spawning

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SLIDE 19

19 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Spring and Fall-Run Spawning

Water temperature conditions are generally suitable for Chinook salmon spawning in the lower Yuba River

?

  • NMFS 2009
  • USACE 2012
  • RMT 2010
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SLIDE 20

20 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

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SLIDE 21

21 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

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SLIDE 22

22 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Spawning

New Developments

  • 97% of all newly constructed

redds were observed at or below 58 ̊ F

  • Spawning distribution follows

longitudinal temperature gradient change over time

Water temperature conditions are generally suitable for Chinook salmon spawning in the lower Yuba River

?

Water temperature conditions are generally suitable for Chinook salmon spawning in the lower Yuba River

TRUE

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 1,100 1,200 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Number of Redds

2009 Redd Survey

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SLIDE 23

23 New Developments

Redd Superimposition

  • Relatively high rates occur in the lower Yuba River
  • Indicates spawning habitat is limiting
  • Suggests high embryonic mortality rates

?

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

  • Chebanov 1991
  • Fukushima et al. 1998
  • NMFS 2012
  • Prenskiy 1990
  • Weeber et al. 2010
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SLIDE 24

Ellipse created from avg. redd size Ellipse overlap to determine superimposition Superimposition Previous Superimposition Calculation Superimposition is defined as the area of overlap between two redd ellipses

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SLIDE 25

25 New Developments

Create separate pot and tail spill ellipses!

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

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26 New Developments

Egg Pocket

Recorded Redd Position

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

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27 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

Adjacent Pot Ellipse

Indicator of Superimposition Impact

Egg Pocket Tail Spill Ellipse Pot Ellipse

No Impact No Impact

  • 28-31% of the 6,000+ redds modeled

showed a measureable degree of overlap

  • Of those, the average egg pocket
  • verlap was 43-45%
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SLIDE 28

28 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

Total modeled egg pocket area for all redds surveyed in 2009-2010 is the total number of redds demonstrating a measurable degree of superimposition, is the total number of redds observed during the survey season, And is the average measure of overlap for redds exhibiting superimposition. Egg pocket areas with

  • verlap

12-13%

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SLIDE 29

29 New Developments

Redd Superimposition

  • Relatively high rates occur in the lower Yuba River
  • Indicates spawning habitat is limiting
  • Suggests high embryonic mortality rates

?

CHINOOK SALMON

Redd Superimposition

New Developments

  • 31 and 28% of redds overlapped - 2009 and 2010
  • Of those, 43 and 45% of egg pocket overlap
  • Superimposition impact indicator
  • 13% - 2009
  • 12% - 2010
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30 New Developments

Juvenile rearing habitat is limiting Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River

?

CHINOOK SALMON

Juvenile Rearing and Outmigration

  • NMFS 2012
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31 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Juvenile Rearing

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32 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Juvenile Outmigration

2007/2008

  • 2.9 million outmigrants
  • 2,604 spawners
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33 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Juvenile Outmigration

  • Only three fish have been recovered in

the lower Yuba River (4.21 x 10-6 or approximately 0.0004%)

  • 7 Recoveries Ocean Commercial
  • 2 Recoveries Ocean Sportfish
  • 4 Recoveries Feather River Hatchery
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SLIDE 34

34 New Developments

Juvenile rearing habitat is limiting Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River

To Be Determined

CHINOOK SALMON

Juvenile Rearing and Outmigration

  • 2.9 million outmigrants

during 2007/2008 from 2,604 spawners

  • A 0.0004% return rate

to the lower Yuba River

New Developments

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35 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

Experimental Floodplain Rearing

  • Over 1mm growth per day
  • Relatively high survivorship
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36 New Developments

SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON

New Developments

Spring-run Chinook Salmon

Variable duration

  • f holding below

Daguerre Point Dam Extended holding observed below Daguerre Point Dam Hold throughout the lower Yuba River over summer Holding distributions non-random Annually variable run timing Few fish passing Daguerre Point Dam prior to May Intra-annual

  • verlap in run

timing with fall-run Spawn from September through early October

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SLIDE 37

37 New Developments

CHINOOK SALMON

New Developments

Spring- and fall-run Chinook Salmon

Superimposition impact indicator 13% - 2009 12% - 2010 97% of all newly constructed redds were observed at

  • r below 58 ̊ F

Spawning distribution follows longitudinal temperature gradient change

  • ver time

Intra-annual

  • verlap

in run timing 2.9 million

  • utmigrants during

2007/2008 from 2,604 spawners 0.0004% return rate to the lower Yuba River

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NEW DEVELOPMENTS NEW CHALLENGES

  • Comments on the M&E Interim Report requested

by July 12, 2013

  • Refine course of action for the next few years

www.yubaaccordrmt.com

The Next Few Years

  • Continue to explore out-of-basin influences
  • Identify and evaluate potential restoration actions
  • Final M&E Report in 2016

The Near-Term

38 New Developments

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June 12, 2013 New Developments in Chinook Salmon Life History Characterization Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium

Duane Massa Yuba Accord M&E Program Project Manager/Biologist