Tools of the trade for small cell backhaul The essential role of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Tools of the trade for small cell backhaul The essential role of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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www.cbnl.com Tools of the trade for small cell backhaul The essential role of wireless technologies Dr John Naylon CTO, Cambridge Broadband Networks Limited Small Cells World Summit, 26 June 2012 Agenda Whats different about small cell

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Tools of the trade for small cell backhaul

Dr John Naylon

CTO, Cambridge Broadband Networks Limited Small Cells World Summit, 26 June 2012

The essential role of wireless technologies

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SLIDE 2

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  • What’s different about

small cell backhaul?

  • Wireless technology

fundamentals

  • Three tools for every toolbox
  • Current CBNL

small cell backhaul trials

  • Conclusion

Agenda

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SLIDE 3

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About Cambridge Broadband Networks Limited (CBNL)

  • Founded in 2000
  • Specialists in innovative microwave

backhaul for data-centric mobile networks

  • Leaders in the small cells backhaul space:

Commercial in confidence

  • Lead NGMN LTE Provisioning

Guidelines project

  • Leading Small Cell Backhaul

Requirements project

  • Vice Chair of Backhaul SIG
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SLIDE 4

www.cbnl.com Commercial in confidence 4

  • What’s different about

small cell backhaul?

  • Wireless technology

fundamentals

  • Three tools for every toolbox
  • Current CBNL

small cell backhaul trials

  • Conclusion

Agenda

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SLIDE 5

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What’s different about small cell backhaul?

  • Location, location, location

− Outdoor small cells aren’t in traditional locations − Consequence: fibre is much less

  • f an option
  • The numbers

− Many more units to backhaul − Consequence: sharing backhaul more attractive

  • The traffic

− Fewer UEs in the cell, which means… − Less aggregation in the RAN, which means… − Peak-to-mean ratio of small cell traffic is higher − Consequence: aggregation desirable in backhaul

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Traffic characteristics of mobile backhaul traffic

  • Mobile backhaul traffic is already quite bursty, because it is data dominated:

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HSPA+ Macro Node B backhaul traffic

Peak: Mean: Ratio: 23.31 Mbps 5.54 Mbps 4.20 Mbps

Mbps

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Bursty traffic is hard to carry efficiently

  • Efficiency = mean channel utilisation

peak channel capacity = 1 peak to mean ratio = 25% average

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HSPA+ Macro Node B backhaul traffic

Peak: Mean: Ratio: 23.31 Mbps 5.54 Mbps 4.20 Mbps

Mbps

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SLIDE 8

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Small cell mobile backhaul traffic is even burstier

  • Higher peak data rates (better user geometries); lower mean data rates (fewer

users), so…

  • peak-to-mean ratio of traffic goes up, estimate for mature networks ~10:1, so…
  • dedicated backhaul link efficiency goes down to ~10%, so…
  • much more equipment running at much lower efficiency, so…
  • CFO has a heart attack!

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Western European small cell backhaul traffic

Peak: Mean: Ratio: 31.17 Mbps 0.49 Mbps 63.61Mbps

Mbps

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SLIDE 9

www.cbnl.com Commercial in confidence 9

  • What’s different about

small cell backhaul?

  • Wireless technology

fundamentals

  • Three tools for every toolbox
  • Current CBNL

small cell backhaul trials

  • Conclusion

Agenda

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SLIDE 10

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Wireless fundamentals: Capacity versus Coverage

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High capacity and NLOS capability are mutually exclusive requirements

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NLOS ⇒ low frequency Spectrum scarce, expensive Low frequency ⇒ low capacity Very low aggregation factor High capacity ⇒ high frequency Spectrum plentiful, inexpensive High frequency ⇒ LOS only Coverage not uniform

Coverage Capacity

Cells in cluttered locations Uncertain LOS to PoPs Aggregating 10 cells to a PoP requires 10 × mean cell demand

Requirement: Implications:

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PTP and PMP cost scales differently versus density

Point-to-Multipoint (PMP)

1 ODU / truck roll / rental per link (+1) On-air aggregation Simpler “single-ended” installation Shared capacity Lower TCO per link

Point-to-Point (PTP)

2 ODUs / truck rolls / rentals per link Zero aggregation on-air Complex installation Dedicated capacity Higher TCO per link

Wireless fundamentals: Point-to-Point versus Point-to-Multipoint

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Efficiency = mean channel utilisation peak channel capacity Statistical multiplexing gain = 51.0 32.2 = 1.58 Point-to-Point backhaul

  • Efficiency = 32.2%

Traffic fundamentals: bursty traffic and efficiency

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Multipoint backhaul

  • Efficiency = 51.0%

Cumulative Peak: 77.9 Mbps Cumulative Mean: 39.7 Mbps Cumulative Peak: 123.2 Mbps Cumulative Mean: 39.7 Mbps

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  • Given the requirements and the fundamentals of wireless technology, is there

a one-size-fits-all backhaul panacea for small cells? No (or not yet anyway).

  • Given the requirements and the fundamentals of wireless technology, is there

a one size fits all backhaul panacea for small cells?

The story so far

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Edited by CBNL

NLOS ⇒ low frequency Spectrum scarce, expensive Low frequency ⇒ low capacity Very low aggregation factor High capacity ⇒ high frequency Spectrum plentiful, inexpensive High frequency ⇒ LOS only Coverage not uniform

Coverage Capacity

Cells in cluttered locations Uncertain LOS to PoPs Aggregating 10 cells to a PoP requires 10 × mean cell demand

Cost Density

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SLIDE 14

www.cbnl.com Commercial in confidence 14

  • What’s different about

small cell backhaul?

  • Wireless technology

fundamentals

  • Three tools for every toolbox
  • Current CBNL

small cell backhaul trials

  • Conclusion

Agenda

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SLIDE 15

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Three tools for every toolbox

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Capacity Coverage Efficiency Ease of install and licensing

Non-LOS Multipoint

Low

Very good, area coverage

Good Very easy

Microwave Multipoint

High Good, area coverage Good Easy

E-Band Point-to- Point

Very High Point coverage Poor Hard

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Non-LOS Multipoint: use it when…

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Capacity Coverage Efficiency Ease of install and licensing

Non-LOS Multipoint

Low

Very good, area coverage

Good Very easy

High Frequency Multipoint

High Good, area coverage Yes Easy

E-Band Point-to- Point

Very High Point coverage No Hard

  • Motivation for small cells is increased

RAN coverage (‘not-spots’) rather than capacity

  • Density of small cells is low (limit of

1—2 sites per backhaul sector)

  • Lower quality of experience

acceptable

  • Position of small cell is particularly

adverse

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E-Band Point-to-Point: use it when…

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Capacity Coverage Efficiency Ease of install and licensing

E-Band Point-to- Point

Very High Point coverage Poor Hard

High Frequency Multipoint

High Good, area coverage Yes Easy

E-Band Point-to- Point

Very High Point coverage No Hard

  • Very high capacity sites (more like

macro)

  • Middle-mile solution when traffic is

already aggregated

  • Difficulty of installation not an issue –

e.g. low number of sites

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Microwave Multipoint: use it when…

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Capacity Coverage Efficiency Ease of install and licensing

Microwave Multipoint

High Good, area coverage Good Easy

High Frequency Multipoint

High Good, area coverage Yes Easy

E-Band Point-to- Point

Very High Point coverage No Hard

  • Motivation for small cells is increased

network capacity

  • Good quality of experience is

required

  • Density of small cells is high
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Small cell backhaul toolbox summary

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Low capacity Adverse location Cost effective High capacity Normal small-cell locations Cost effective Extreme capacity Middle mile Most expensive

Number of small cell sites

Non-LOS Multipoint Microwave Multipoint E-Band Point-to- Point

Fibre if accessible

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SLIDE 20

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  • What’s different about

small cell backhaul?

  • Wireless technology

fundamentals

  • Three tools for every toolbox
  • Current CBNL

small cell backhaul trials

  • Conclusion

Agenda

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SLIDE 21

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VectaStar Backhaul lightRadio

  • Building on years of macro backhaul experience, CBNL are actively

trialling small cell backhaul with numerous operators and vendors

Current CBNL small cell backhaul trials

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Metro WiFi VectaStar Backhaul LTE Picocell Antennas VectaStar Backhaul

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Conclusions

  • Small cell backhaul is different:

many more cells to backhaul, non- traditional locations and even burstier data

  • Good end-user quality of

experience requires much more backhaul capacity than there is low frequency backhaul spectrum

  • No single technology matches the

requirements for small cell backhaul perfectly, so a toolbox approach is needed

  • Multipoint microwave is a cost

effective, rapidly deployable solution for small cell backhaul in many use cases VectaStar from Cambridge Broadband Networks is the market leader in multipoint microwave

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