Evaluation of the Wallowa Stock Steelhead Fall Broodstock - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Evaluation of the Wallowa Stock Steelhead Fall Broodstock Experiment: Have We Accomplished Our Goals?

Lance Clarke, Michael Flesher, Shelby Warren, and Richard Carmichael

Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife

Wallowa S a Stock Stee eelhea ead

Wallowa Hatchery Joseph La Grande Union Troy

Wallowa H a Hatch cher ery y Broodst stock ck

• Stock founded from adults

collected in spring at Ice Harbor (1976) and Little Goose (1977 & 1978) dams

• Current broodstock

sourced from spring returns to hatchery

• Substantial fishery in

Grande Ronde basin from Sept.−April

Snake River Hatchery Steelhead Stocks

Lyons Ferry Dworshak B Sawtooth Pahsimeroi Hells Canyon Imnaha Wallowa

Deschutes River basin

10 20

Average e Annual al D Desc schutes tes R River er S Straying B By

%

% STRA RAY RA RATE

Snake River Hatchery Steelhead Stocks

HATCHE CHERY P Y PROGRAM

(Based on 11-24 Years of Data)

Error bars = 1 SE

Object ectives ves

• Create a new hatchery line from Wallowa stock

returning to Grande Ronde in autumn.

• Autumn Line may stray less and improve the autumn fishery.
• Compare performance of Autumn Line with the

standard Wallowa Stock.

• Is smolt outmigration survival similar?
• Does the Autumn Line return earlier?
• Are smolt-to-adult survival rates similar?
• Does the Autumn Line stray at a lower rate?
• Are contributions to fisheries different?

• Upon landing, anglers placed hatchery fish in a tube

– Oriented fish into flow, held up to 24 h – Fish PIT-tagged, transferred to Wallowa Hatchery, held for spawning

Broodsto tock Colle llectio tion a and H Handlin ling

(Brood Years 2004−2007)

Oregon Washington Idaho

• Max. Density = 19.5 kg/m3

Wallo llowa A Acclim limatio tion P Ponds

• Max. Density = 19.3 kg/m3

Juvenile Steelhead Releases

∗ Coded wire tags were implanted into 100K of Autumn Line

and Standard Line juveniles for estimating stray rates.

Brood Year Number PIT tagged Autumn St andard 2004 3,777 3,769 2005 3,567 3,566 2006 3,567 3,586 2007 3,558 6,914 Gen- eration F1 2008 F2 3,599 5,203 Number Released Autumn Standard 170K 373K 277K 308K 221K 258K 140K 345K 129K 241K F1 F1 F1

Average Smolt Length and Condition Factor Brood Years 2004-07

Fork l len ength (m (mm)

Autumn Line, X = 213.6 Standard stock, X = 212.0

Conditi tion Facto tor

PERCENT OF TOTAL

Autumn Line, X = 1.03 Standard stock, X = 1.06 5 10 15 20 25 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 5 10 15 20 25 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40

Survival (± CI) Aut umn St andard

2004 77 (2.1) 77 (3.0) 2005 73 (6.6) 74 (5.3) 2006 71 (22.3) 78 (41.0) 2007 84 (19.3) 84 (13.5) 77% 79% Averages 23.5 (7.0) 21.6 (11.5) 30.8 (6.7) 31.3 (11.3)

Autumn Standard

23.8 (7.6) 22.4 (10.8) 30.1 (8.7) 33.1 (12.9)

Brood Year % Outmigration Travel Time (d; ± SD)

Juvenile Performance

2008 82 (4.8) 80 (3.9) 18.3 (9.7) 17.3 (11.2) 25.1 25.3

Average Adult Steelhead Return Timing

McNary Lower Granite

MONTH TH PERCEN ENT R RECOVER ERED ED

Bonneville AUTUMN LINE STANDARD STOCK

Average Adult Steelhead Return Timing

F1 Generation, (BY 2004-07)

5 10 15 20 25

5 10 15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25 June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

• Aug. 5
• Aug. 14
• Aug. 31
• Sept. 24
• Sept. 11
• Oct. 6

McNary Lower Granite

MONTH PERCEN ENT R RECOVER ERED ED

Bonneville AUTUMN LINE STANDARD STOCK

F2 Generation Adult Return Timing

BY 2008-11

June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 5 10 15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25

Smol Smolt-to to-Adul ult Sur Survival t to

• Bonne
• nneville D

Dam

BRO BROOD Y YEAR AR PER PERCENT SU SURVIVAL

Autumn line, F1 generation Standard stock Autumn line, F2 generation

(F1 28% difference, significant, P = 0.004)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

One-Ocean Returns

BRO BROOD Y YEAR AR

Smol Smolt-to to-Adul ult Sur Survival t to

• Low

Lower G Grani nite D Dam

(F1 significantly different, P < 0.001) PER PERCENT SU SURVIVAL

Autumn line, F1 generation Standard stock

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Autumn line, F2 generation

One-Ocean Returns

Smol Smolt-to to-Adul ult Sur Survival Comp

• mparison
• n

PI PIT T TAG D G DER ERIVED ED CWT D DER ERIVED ED Brood Autumn Standard Autumn Standard Year Line Stock Line Stock 2004 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.1 2005 1.9 1.7 3.7 1.6 2006 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.0 2007 5.9 4.7 3.4 3.3 Mean = 2.9 2.3 2.4 1.8

2004 2005 2006 2007

BRO BROOD Y YEAR AR % 1 % 1-OCE CEAN A N ADUL ULTS TS

Age At Return

Standard stock Autumn line, F1 generation

20 40 60 80 100

2008 2009 Autumn line, F2 generation

% STR TRAY R RATE TE I INDE NDEX BRO BROOD Y YEAR AR

Percen ent o

• f S

Steel eelhead ad t that S Strayed

Autumn line, F1 generation Standard stock

And d th the P Perce cent o

• f B

Bar arged Fi Fish

5 10 15 20

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

239 113 46 51 66 41 171 95 23 57

94.0% 76.0% 47.0% 41.0% 46.0%

Autumn line, F2 generation

20 20 40

Kilometers

Mouth (RK 0) Pelton Trap (RK 161) Sherars Falls (RK 69) Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery (RK 154)

COLU LUMBIA R RIVER ER

Deschutes River Basin

>90% o 90% of W Wal allowa s a sto tock str trays ar are e in D Des eschutes es ~85% o 85% of s str tray f from above Shera rars rs Fa Falls

Run Year Experimental Group Number Detected at Sherars Falls Number Later Detected at McNary or Above Percent Later Detected at McNary or Above 2007-08 Autumn Line 5 Standard Stock 7 5 71 2008-09 Autumn Line 6 1 17 Standard Stock 3 2009-10 Autumn Line 19 4 21 Standard Stock 15 2 13 2010-11 Autumn Line 5 2 40 Standard Stock 5 Total Autumn Line 35 7 20 Total Standard Stock 30 7 23

PIT Tag Detections in Deschutes and at McNary

Compens nsation P

• n Plan F

Fishe herie ies

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Feb Mar Apr

PER PERCENT OF OF TOTAL H HARVES EST

Lower G er Grande R e Ronde Autumn line Standard stock

85 554 451 106 138 718 87

Harvest st T Timing i in the G e Grande R Ronde Basi sin

MONTH TH

Wallowa

(run years 2006-07 to 2010-11)

88 681

Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar April

MONTH TH

Autumn line, X = 9.4 Standard stock, X = 8.0

Harvest in the Compensation Area

Error bars = 1 SE

• No. H

HARVEST ESTED ED / /1,000 S SMOLTS

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Conc

• nclusion
• ns
• Autumn Line F1 adults pass Lower Granite Dam

earlier, provide increased autumn fishing

• pportunities in Grande Ronde River.
• Will F2 and subsequent generations continue to return

earlier?

• Greater Autumn Line survival to adulthood.
• Is it just because they return at an earlier ocean age?
• Will the trend continue?
• No apparent straying benefit to Autumn Line.
• Will stray rates remain low for all release groups?
• Are there other broodstock, rearing, or release strategies

that can be used to reduce straying.

Fut Futur ure Pl Plans ns f for

• r the

he A Aut utumn Li n Line ne

• 1. Brood Year 2012: Increase smolt production to 240,000 smolts (30% of

entire Wallowa stock production). Maintain current marking and tagging to assess whether F3 generation performs similarly to F1 generation.

• 2. Brood Year 2013 and beyond: Increase Autumn Line production to

320,000 smolts in BY 2013, 400,000 smolts in BY 2014.

• Releasing both lines would benefit autumn and spring fishing periods,

provided future generations perform similarly to the F1 generation.

• Autumn Line may require occasional refreshing with new broodstock

collected via angling in the Grande Ronde in autumn.

• During this time, straying information from F1 and F2 generations will

continue to be collected and assessed.

• The ability of the hatchery to concurrently spawn, rear, and release

Autumn Line and standard production groups (each consisting of 400,000 smolts) will impact future decisions.

Acknow

• wle

ledgeme ments

• Many thanks to the 192 anglers and

volunteers for:

– 7,000 hours – 111,000 miles of travel – 2500 meals served

• ODFW Wallowa Hatchery and NE Region fish

liberation staff

• Rick Madigan – Wenaha Wildlife Area
• Volunteers from local state and tribal

agencies